高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析(DOC 33页).doc

1、高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Nothing good generally comes of a conversation that start with the words, I think you should probably sit down before I tell you this.” And so it came to pass. Away for Christmas, we got a call from kind friends at home, our neighbours house had caught fire while

2、 they were out. The fire didnt spread to our house but the smoke very much did. Its weeks of either throwing out, or sending away for specialist cleaning, every single thing into which smoke could have permeated(渗透)because the particles(微粒) are an ongoing health risk and washing isnt enough. Anythin

3、g softsofas and carpets and childrens teddy bears, clothesis suspected. We will be seeing in the New Year in a decidedly minimalist fashion. What I didnt expect to feel, however, is this lucky. Friends and neighbours have come together with incredible generosity. We will never again underestimate th

4、e closeness of the village community in which we live, or the innate kindness that is most peoples natural reaction to trouble, and are grateful to be reminded of so much that is good. But thats not the only thing Ive learned. For in a sense, we have a chance to start again. The surprise on being fo

5、rced to think about what might urgently need replacing is how short the list of essentials seems; how much we must have been hanging on to out of habit, and how much we have been conditioned to think was important. Its all too easily assumed that family history lives in tangible(有形的)things old photo

6、graphs, a dress bought decades ago for a night heavy with memories but thats not quite right. These things were only reminders of what we already carry with us in head and heart. Walking through the house, sweeping up the broken glass, I realised that the answer to the old question of What would you

7、 save in a fire? is actually that nothing really matters but each other.（1）What happened to the authors house? A.It caught a fire.B.It was affected by a fire.C.It was broken into by friends.D.Its windows were broken.（2）What does the underlined word suspected in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.something that

8、 may be damaged.B.something that may not be genuine.C.something that may not be so good.D.something that may be dangerous.（3）What did the author expect to feel? A.People around him were cold to others trouble.B.His friends and neighbours were so generous.C.People in his community were close to each

9、other.D.He was so lucky to find much that was good.（4）How will the author probably feel when the New Year finally comes? A.Worried.B.Surprised.C.Excited.D.Contented.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者家房子受到火灾影响，物品受损，一切都需要清理，但朋友们和邻居们提供的帮助，让作者感受到了他们的善良，对他们感恩。作者感受到拥有彼此才是最重要的。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“our

10、 neighbours house had caught fire while they were out. The fire didnt spread to our house but the smoke very much did.”；第三段中的“every single thing into which smoke could have permeated”可知邻居家在外出时着火了，虽然火没有蔓延到作者家，但烟殃及了房子，作者家的房子受到了影响。故选B。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“every single thing into which smoke could have pe

11、rmeated(渗透)because the particles(微粒) are an ongoing health risk and washing isnt enough.”可知每件被烟雾渗透的物品都要专门清洗或扔掉，因为那些微粒威胁健康，有的仅清洗是不行的。此句涉及的那些柔软的东西被认为可能是被污染损害的东西，suspected指的就是这些东西。故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“What I didnt expect to feel, however, is this lucky.”作者没想到的是自己家很幸运，下文提到朋友们和邻居们都提供了帮助，作者从中感受到了他们的善良。由

12、此推知作者原来认为的是人们会对别人家的困难很冷漠，故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“We will be seeing in the New Year in a decidedly minimalist fashion.”可知作者家房子受到火灾影响，物品受损，一切都需要清理，作者认为即将到来的新年肯定是简约的。但朋友们和邻居们提供的帮助，让作者感受到了他们的善良，对他们感恩；再根据最后一段中的“I realised that the answer to the old question of What would you save in a fire? is actually th

13、at nothing really matters but each other.”作者感受到拥有彼此才是最重要的。这些说明作者是满足的，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Some of the best research on daily experience is rooted in rates of positive and negative interactions, which has proved that being blin

14、dly positive or negative can cause others to be frustrated or annoyed or to simply tune out. Over the last two decades, scientists have made remarkable predictions simply by watching people interact with one another and then scoring the conversations based on the rate of positive and negative intera

15、ctions. Researchers have used the findings to predict everything from the likelihood that a couple will divorce to the chances of a work team with high customer satisfaction and productivity levels. More recent research helps explain why these brief exchanges matter so much. When you experience nega

16、tive emotions as a result of criticism or rejection, for example, your body produces higher levels of the stress hormone, which shuts down much of your thinking and activates (激活) conflict and defense mechanisms (机制). You assume that situations are worse than they actually are. When you experience a

17、 positive interaction, it activates a very different response. Positive exchanges increase your bodys production of oxytocin, a feel-good that increases your ability to communicate with, cooperate with and trust others. But the effects of a positive occurrence are less dramatic and lasting than they

18、 are for a negative one. We need at least three to five positive interactions to outweigh every one negative exchange. Bad moments simply outweigh good ones. Whether youre having a conversation, keep this simple short cut in mind: At least 80 percent of your conversations should be focused on whats

19、going right. Workplaces, for example, often see this. During performance reviews, managers routinely spend 80 percent of their time on weaknesses and “areas for improvement”. They spend roughly 20 percent of the time on strengths and positive aspects. Any time you have discussions with a person or g

20、roup, spend the vast majority of the time talking about what is working, and use the remaining time to address weaknesses. （1）The underlined phrase “tune out” in Paragraph 1 probably means A.stop listeningB.change ones mindC.sing aloudD.be crazy（2）What will happen if you experience negative emotions

21、? A.The situations are sure to become worse.B.Much of your thinking will be prevented.C.You will feel an urge to improve and become better.D.Youll be motivated to resolve conflicts with people.（3）From Paragraph 4, we can learn that A.we need a positive feeling to beat one negative feelingB.positive

22、interactions have greater effects than negative onesC.our conversation should center on what needs improvementD.the effect of negative feelings lasts longer than that of positive ones（4）What is the best title for the passage? A.Harmful NegativesB.More Positive InteractionsC.How to Be a Productive Ma

23、nagerD.Less Time on Strengths and Positive Aspects【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。主要讲述通过一些关于日常经验的研究证明，当你因为批评或遭到拒绝而经历负面情绪时，你的身体会产生较高水平的应激激素，它关闭了你的思维，激活冲突和防御的机制。而当你体验到积极的互动时，积极的交流会增加你与他人沟通、合作和信任的能力。但是积极的影响不如消极的影响更持久，它需要三到五个积极的互动才能去掉一个负面互动。这给我们一个启示，在谈话时尽可能多的积极互动，才会调动人的积极性。（1）考查猜测词义题。根据第一段中的内容可知，一些关

24、于日常经验的最好研究是建立在积极和消极互动率的基础上的，这证明了盲目的积极或消极会使其他人感到沮丧或烦恼，或者干脆把不理睬。分析选项的内容可知A项符合题意。（2）考查细节理解题。根据第三段中的中间部分“When you experience negative emotions as a result of criticism or rejection, for example, your body produces higher levels of the stress hormone, which shuts down much of your thinking and activates

25、（激活）conflict and defense mechanisms （机制）.” 可知，你经历负面情绪时，你的身体会产生较高水平的应激激素，它关闭了你的思维机制和激活你的防御机制。由此可判断B项是正确的。（3）考查细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“But the effects of a positive occurrence are less dramatic and lasting than they are for a negative one.”可知，积极面事件的影响不如消极的影响更持久。由此判断出D项正确。（4）考查主旨大意题。通读全文可知，一些关于日常经验的研究证明，当你因为批评

26、或遭到拒绝而经历负面情绪时，你的身体会产生较高水平的应激激素，它关闭了你的思维，激活冲突和防御的机制。而当你体验到积极的互动时， 积极的交流会增加你与他人沟通、合作和信任的能力。但是积极的影响不如消极的影响更持久，它需要三到五个积极的互动才能去掉一个负面互动。这给我们一个启示，在谈话时尽可能多的积极互动，才会调动人的积极性。分析选项可知B项正确。【点评】科普文客观题的解题方法1.“找”。读完材料，审完题干(题干不可不审清)，可根据题干确定选项的大致范围，开始找与选项相对应的句子，然后再进行合理的想象、推理及判断。有时候选项的语句散见于文章的各处，也一定找准原句。2.“比”。比较时重在关注意思、

27、关注逻辑关系。有时需要统观全篇，不能只盯住一处。3.“判断”。推断时，切不可只凭主观臆断，一定要找到确切的根据，找到合理的解释。3阅读理解 Parents may think theyre smart about where they store medicines, but their kids are smarter. Nearly 60,000 young children are rushed to the hospital every year after getting into medicines not meant for them, according to a new re

28、port from Safe Kids Worldwide. The report finds little connection between what parents know about storing medicines safely and what they actually do. Nine out of 10 parents know that medicines should be stored up and away out of reach and sight, but 7 out of 10 of them admit not doing that. They lea

29、ve medicines out on kitchen counters, sinks and sofas, believing babies and toddlers(学步者)arent tall enough or strong enough to reach them. Unfortunately, they probably can. Children as young as a month have ended up in an emergency department because theyd been poisoned by getting into a medicine th

30、at was left within reach. Most poisonings related to medicines-particularly among babies and toddlers-occur within their home. Kids develop rapidly and they want to explore their environment. At certain ages they have a lot of hand-to-mouth activity, and so its very common for them to explore their

31、environment and then try to taste what they find. The new Safe Kids worldwide report includes a survey of 2,000 parents with children under age 6. While the number of children visiting an emergency department for accidental poisonings had declined since the 2010 maximum, the decline has slowed in re

32、cent years. Prescription and over-the-counter medicines cause the most severe poisonings, but vitamins and supplements(补充品)can also cause problems. There are steps families can take to lower the risk for an accidental medicine poisoning.（1）Why are children poisoned according to the text? A.Some of t

33、he medicines at home taste nice.B.There is something poisonous in medicines.C.Kids have easy access to medicines at home.D.Kids are curious to explore the environment（2）What can we learn from the text? A.Vitamins and supplements can do good to kids.B.The team made a survey of 2,000 kids under age 6.

34、C.600 parents surveyed could keep medicines properly.D.Kids are usually smart at storing medicines at home.（3）What could be the best title for the text? A.Parents Casual Behavior Leads to Kids PoisonedB.The Number of Kids Poisoned Has Declined LatelyC.Nearly 60,000 Children Are Poisoned by Medicines

35、D.Kids Are Facing the Risk of Being Poisoned at Home【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇说明文，介绍了由于父母存放药品不当导致孩子药物中毒的调查结果。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ At certain ages they have a lot of hand-to-mouth activity, and so its very common for them to explore their environment and then try to taste what they find.”在一定的年龄,他

36、们有很多的手和嘴活动,所以他们很容易去探索他们的环境,然后尝试品尝他们发现的东西在家里,他们很容易碰到药品，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Parents may think theyre smart about where they store medicines, but their kids are smarter. ”父母可能会认为他们很聪明，他们在哪里储存药品，但他们的孩子更聪明。故选D。（3）考查主旨大意。根据倒数第三段中的“Most poisonings related to medicines-particularly among babies and toddle

37、rs-occur within their home.”很多中毒事件是发生在家中的，再根据文章大意，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 Home from the Navy, I started school at Greenville College in my hometown of Illinois. Id been out of high school for four years, but my high school headmaster, Mr. Gar

38、dner, invited me to a Valentines Day dance party at school. The thought of seeing my former teachers was exciting. So I agreed. When Friday came, I cleaned up, dressed up and drove to the high school gym. I chatted with my teachers and approached Mr. Gardner to thank him before leaving. Just then, t

39、he band started playing and a young girl stood up to sing. One look at and I was crazyI had never seen such a beautiful girl! I asked Mr. Gardner who she was, and he answered, “Thats Marilyn Riley, Cut Rileys daughter.” I was shocked to say the least. They lived just around the corner from me. I wal

40、ked across the gym floor to introduce myself, “Hi, Im Jack Joseph.” “I know who you are,” was her not-too-friendly response. “Would you like to dance?” I asked. “No! Im working,” she shot back. “Can I call you next week for a movie date?” I asked. “No,” was her response. For the next month I phoned,

41、 trying to set up a date. She always had the same answer: No. then one rainy afternoon in March as I was driving home after basketball practice, I saw Marilyn, walking with no umbrella, no raincoat, no hat. I pulled alongside her and asked if she needed a ride, half expecting her to say no. instead,

42、 she stepped over the roadside and sat down on the seat next to me. It was only a few blocks to her house, but after pulling into her driveway we talked for 45minutes. It was magic from then on.（1）Why did Jack decide to attend the party? A.The party was hold to welcome him back home.B.Marilyn would

43、be introduced to him at the party.C.He could meet some of his former teachers there.D.They gathered there to celebrate Valentines Day.（2）What was the authors attitude towards the party? A.CasualB.FormalC.PassiveD.worried（3）We can infer from the text that _. A.Jack once served in the army after high

44、schoolB.it took Jack 45 minutes to drive Marilyn homeC.Jack and Marilyn were familiar with each otherD.it was Marilyns cold attitude that interested Jack（4）How would the story most probably develop in the end? A.Marilyn would fall in love with JackB.Jack would make great achievements in collegeC.Mar

45、ilyn would become a famous singerD.Jack would have frequent conflicts with Marilyn【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在海军退役后参加情人聚会，在聚会上他见到了一个漂亮的女孩，于是开始追求那个女孩，但是被女孩拒绝了，有一天下大雨，作者送那个女孩回家，在路上他们聊了45分钟，作者认为那次送女孩回家是魔法的开始。（1）考查细节理解。根据“The thought of seeing my former teachers was exciting. So I agreed.”想

46、到能看到我以前的老师很令人兴奋。所以我同意了。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据“When Friday came, I cleaned up, dressed up and drove to the high school gym. ”星期五来的时候，我打扫干净，穿上衣服。因为作者在出发前认真地整理仪表，说明他把这一切当得很认真，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据“Home from the Navy, I started school at Greenville College in my hometown of Illinois. ”我从海军回到家乡，在我的家乡伊利诺伊州的格林维尔学院上学。推断出我之前当过海军，故选A。（4）考查推理判断。，根据“It was magic from then on.”他认为这是魔法的开始，两个人可能坠入爱情河，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生准确掌握细节信息，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 Theres a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In