湖北省2020年高三英语模拟试题及答案(DOC 12页).docx

1、湖北省2020年高考英语模拟试题及答案（一）（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）考生注意事项：1.答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWithitssnow-coveredmountainsandavariet

2、yofwildlife,YellowStoneNationalParkisoneofthescenictreasuresoftheUnitedStates.LocatedprimarilyinWyoming,theparkhostsmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.Ifyouplantotravelwithinthepark,keepinmindadvicefromtheNationalParkService.SeasonalTravelTravelvariesvastlyfromseasontoseason.Roadsaregenerallyopeninthesumme

3、rexceptforcasesofrockormudslides,wildfires,accidentsorroadconstruction.Earlysnowsinthefallcancausesomeroadstoclosetemporarily.Inthewinteralmostallroadsareclosedtomotorvehicles,butsnowmobilesandothersnowvehicleswithtracksareallowed.RoadsbegintoopenforthespringbythelatterpartofAprilbutcancloseifsnowfa

4、llcontinues.DrivingTimeGrandLoopisthemainroadthroughYellowstoneNationalPark;itpassesbymostofthemajorattractions.TheseincludeOldFaithful,YellowstoneLakeandtheGrandCanyonofYellowstone.ThemaximumspeedlimitontheGrandLoopis45milesperhour,butthespeedlimitdropsduringsomeofthewindingandtwistingsectionsofthi

5、snarrowroad.Allowyourselfatleasttwodaystofullytraveltheloopduetothesizeoftheparkandbeingsometimesstuckinheavytraffic.SafetyAwarenessBuffalo(水牛)oftenblocktheroadsintheparkastheymovethroughthefields.Ifagroupistraveling-1-acrosstheroadyouareonyoucaneitherwaitforthemtopassorfindanalternativeroute.Ifyoug

6、etoutofyourvehicle,theNationalParkServicesaystostayatleast25yardsfromanybuffalo(and100yardsormoreawayfrombearsandwolves).Buffaloareparticularlyunpredictableandchargepeopleatspeedsupto30mph.Youcantakeyourbicycleonanypublicroadsandroutesdesignedforbikes,butbicyclesarenotallowedontheparkroadswhicharena

7、rrowwithfewshoulders.Altitudesrangefrom5,300to8,860feet.TheNationalParkServicerecommendscyclistswearhelmetsandnoticeableclothing.1.WhatdoweknowabouttravellingintheYellowstonePark?A.Roadswillstayopenincaseofemergency.B.Trafficjamhappensfromtimetotime.C.Thedrivingspeedontheroadcanbe50mph.D.Motorvehicl

8、esareallowedinthewinter.2.WhatdoestheNationalParkServicesuggestpeopledoaboutsafety?A.Stayinsidethecarthroughoutthetravel.B.GetoutoftheirvehicleswhencomingacrosstheBuffalo.C.Weartheeasy-to-seeclotheswhilebicycling.D.Avoidbicyclingonthepublicroads.3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Aguidebook.B.Acomm

9、ercialadvertisement.C.Aresearchpaper.D.Ageographytextbook.BMostadultsfirmlybelievethataskidsreachtheirteens,theystarttotakecrazyrisksthatgetthemintrouble.Doteenagerssimplylovetakingallrisksmuchmorethanadults?Arecentstudysuggestsotherwise.Scientistsdesignedasimpleexperimentinvolving33teenagersandthre

10、eotheragegroups.Intheexperiment,theresearcherstriedtodistinguishbetweentwoverydifferentkindsofrisk-taking.Thefirsttheycalledawillingnesstotakeknownrisks(whentheprobabilityofwinningisclear)andthesecondtheycalledawillingnesstotakeunknownrisks(whenthepossibilityofsuccessisuncertain).Thestudyofferedpart

11、icipantstheopportunitytoplaytwokindsofgames.Theyhadthechancetowin-2-money,withonegameofferingaknownriskandtheotherofferinganunknownrisk.Oneachroundofthegame,eachparticipanthadtochoosebetweentakingasure$5andknownorunknownrisksofwinningalotmore.Ifononeparticularroundtheyhadpickedthe$5forsurechoice,the

12、ntheygot$5.Butifonthatroundtheyhadchosentotakearisk,therulesofthegamewilldeterminewhetherornottheyhadwon.Iftheydidwin,theywenthomewithbetween$8and$125.And,ofcourse,iftheylost,theywenthomewithnothing.Whatthescientistsfoundwasreallyquitesurprising.Itturnedoutthattheaverageteenagerwasveryhesitantwhenri

13、skswereknownmorecarefulthancollegestudentsorparents-agedadults,andaboutascarefulasgrandparent-agedadults.Thismeansthatwhentheriskswereknown,teenagerswerenotriskyintheirbehavioratall.Onlywhentheriskswereuncleardidteenagerschoosethemmoreoftenthanothergroups.Underthosekindsofconditions,theyweremuchmore

14、willingtotakeariskthananyothergroup.So,whatdoesallofthismean?Theresearchsuggeststhatadultsshouldprobablyfocusmoreenergyontryingtoeducateteenagersaboutrisksthanlimitingthem.Teenagerswhounderstandtherisksassociatedwithadecisionaremorelikelytobecarefulintheirbehavior.4.ThisexperimentwascarriedoutbyA.di

15、vidingtheteensintothreegroupsB.comparingthereactionstodifferentrisksC.givingequalamountofawardstotheparticipantsD.observingtheemotionalchangesoftheteenager5.Whenfacingknownrisks,teenagerstendedtobe_.A.ambitsC.anxiousB.cautiousD.curious6.Whichgroupinthestudyweremorelikelytotakeunknownrisks?A.Teenager

16、s.C.Parent-agedadults.B.Collegestudents.D.Grandparent-agedadults.7.Accordingtothestudy,parentsshouldfocuson_.A.guaranteeingchildrentobecarefulB.settingagelimitsondangerousactivitiesC.respectingteenstomaketheirownchoicesD.guidingteenstolearnmoreabouttheeffectofrisks-3-CTrees,someofthetallestintheworl

17、d,toweredaboveHannahGriffithsandhercolleagueseachmorningastheywalkeddeepintotherainforestintheMaliauBasininBorneo,wheretheyhadsetupaset(ofexperimentstolookattheecologicaleffectsofsmallcreatures:termites白蚁).Termitesgetabumrap.TheymakeheadlinesforchewingupbillionsofdollarsofpropertyeachyearintheU.S.An

18、dtheyareresponsibleforsomethingliketwopercentofglobalcarbonemissions,simplyasaresultoftheirhugepopulationsandpreferenceforchewingthroughcarbonrichmaterials.Awholeindustryisaimingatkillingthem.Buttheyplayakeyroleinmanynaturalecosystems.Scientistshaveknownforyearsthatintropical(热带的)forests,termitesche

19、wupfallenleavesanddeadwood,keepingthefallenmaterialundercontrolandlettingnutrientsfromthedeadmaterialbackintothesystemtobeusedbyotherplants,insects,andanimals.Buttheydidntknowexactlyhowimportanttheinsectswereinkeepingtheforesthealthyandfunctional,sotheyremovedtermitesfromaparticularspotintheforestan

20、dsawhowitresponded.Asluckwouldhaveit,HannahGriffithsandhercolleaguesstartedtheirexperimentwhentheforestwashitbyanextremedrought(干旱).Duringthenon-droughtyears,theysawtherewasntmuchdifferencebetweenthenormalplotsandtheoneswheretheydremovedthetermites.Butduringthedrought,theeffectsweremarked.Whattheyfo

21、undwasunexpected:inthetermite-richareas,thesoilstayedslightlywet,moretreeseedlingssprouted(抽芽),andthesystemwasfullofactivitydespitethelong,harddryspell.ForGriffiths,itwasonlybecausetheyhappenedtostudythedroughtthattheycouldpickouttherealimportanceoftermitestothesystem,shepointsout.“Andthatringsalarm

22、bellsinmyhead,”shesays,“becauseitmakesmethink,wellwhatelsedontweknow?Ifwestartdamagingbiologicalcommunities,wedontknowwhatthatwilldo.”8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“abumrap”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Unfairblame.C.Publicattention.B.Widepopularity.D.Specialpreference.9.Whathavescientistslearnedabout

23、termites?A.Theydoseriousharmtotropicalrainforests.B.Theycontributealottotheecosystemtheylivein.C.Theyactasfoodforotherplants,insectsandanimals.-4-D.Theyspeedupthelossofnutritionintherainforest.10.WhatcanweinferfromthefindingofGriffithsexperiment?A.Termiteshelprainforestssurviveclimatechange.B.Termit

24、espreferdroughtyearstonon-droughtones.C.Termitesbenefitmorefromtheforestduringthedrought.D.Termitesenjoyeatingtreeseedlingsduringthedrought.11.WhatdoesGriffithstellusinthelastparagraph?A.Termitesarenowindangerofextinction.B.Termitesdamagebiologicalcommunities.C.Weshouldthinktwicebeforedamagingaspeci

25、es.D.Weshouldstudythedroughttoimprovethesystem.DIfhumanspumpenoughcarbondioxide(CO2)intotheatmosphere,thestratocumulusclouds(层积云)coulddisappear,andtheearthstemperaturecouldclimbsharplytoheightsnotpredictedincurrentclimatemodels.Itwouldburntheplanet.ThatstheconclusionofapaperpublishedinthejournalNatu

26、reGeoscienceanddescribedindetailbyNatalieWolchoverforQuantaMagazine.AsWolchoverexplained,cloudshavelongbeenoneofthegreatuncertaintiesofclimatemodels.Computermodelsthateasilycapturethecomplexityanddetailofmostclimatesystemsjustarentpowerfulenoughtopredictworldwidechangesincloudbehavior.Butcloudsareim

27、portant.Theyreflectsunlightawayfromtheearthssurface.Andstratocumuluscloudsarethosewhiteblanketsyoumighthaveseenasyoulookedoutthewindowofarmairplane,rollingoutbelowyouandhidingthegroundResearcherssuspectthatcertainsudden,pastjumpsintemperaturemayhavebeencausedbychangestocloudslikethese.Forthenewresea

28、rch,scientistsmodeledjustasmallpatchofskyusingasupercomputer.Theyfoundthatifcarbondioxidelevelsreachabout1,200partspermillion(ppm)intheatmosphere,stratocumuluscloudsbreakup.Thatsaveryhighcarbondioxideconcentration.Rightnow,levelshaveclimbedpast410ppm-adangerouschangefrom280ppmbeforetheIndustrialRevo

29、lution.ButhumansputmoreandmoreCO2intotheatmosphereeveryyear.Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,theearthcouldreach1,200ppmwithin100to150years.Thiscouldhappenifoursocietydoesntfollowthroughonanyofitscommitmentstoreduceemissions(排放),Wolchoverreported.Andevenifitdoes,the-5-resultwouldbeanother8degreesCelsiusofheat

30、addedtotheglobalaverage,ontopofthedangerouschangesalreadyunderwayduetogreenhousegases.ionsofpredictThatsanenormouschange,anditgoesbeyondworldwideicemeltandcatastrophicsealevelrise.And,oncethestratocumuluscloudsaregone,Wolchoverreported,theylikelywouldntreappearuntilatmosphericcarbondioxidelevelsdrop

31、pedbelowwheretheyarecurrently.Theresstillsomeuncertaintyinthedata.The1,200ppmfigurecouldchangeasscientistslookintotheissuefurther.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Mostclimatesystemsarenotcomplex.B.Cloudbehaviorisuncertainandhardtopredict.C.Temperaturechangesaffectthestratocumulusclouds.D.Thestratoc

32、umuluscloudsprotectplanesfromsunlight.13.Howdidthescientistsstudycloudsinthenewresearch?A.Bymeasuringthesealevel.B.Byexperimentinginanaturalstate.C.Bycomparingclimatemodels.D.Bycomputermodelingandanalyzing.14.Whatdoesitrefertoinparagraph4?A.Theatmosphere.B.Theearth.C.Oursociety.D.Theresult.15.Whicho

33、fthefollowingstatementswouldWolchovermostprobablyagreewith?A.TheeffectsofCO2emissionshavebeenfullyassessed.B.Thestratocumuluscloudswontreturniftheyaregone.C.Thebreakupofstratocumuluscloudscouldresultincatastrophes.D.OnceCO2levelreaches1,200ppm,stratocumuluscloudswillgoextinct.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据

34、短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearenumerousbenefitsofreadinggoodbooks._16_Whateveryourfieldmightbe,itsveryimportanttocreateagoodhabittoreadbeyondyourhorizons.Herearetipstohelpyoucultivateabetterandconsistentreadinghabit:-6-Determineyourreadinggoal._17_Thisgoalshouldbeclearandbackedupwith

35、apurpose.Startbythinkingabouthowaconsistentreadingpatterncanhelpyougrowindifferentareasofyourlife-spirit,academics,career,relationshipsandmore._18_Onceyouredonesettingyourreadinggoalfortheyear,youllneedalisttobackitup.Writeoutalistoftheamazingbooksyouwanttoread.Askforrecommendationsfromfriendsandins

36、tructors.Itsimportanttokeepajournallistingthebooksyoullliketoreadforeachmonth.Getaresponsiblereadingpartnertopromoteyourreading.Goalsneedtobebackedupinordertohelpputacheckandencourageyouduringtimesyoudontfeelmotivated._19_Todevelopareadingculture,youmustfirstanalyzeyourcurrentreadinghabits.Doyouread

37、atall?_20_Inordertotrulyachieveyourreadinggoalsandbuildaconsistentreadinghabit,youllneedtosetupsimplesystems，findresponsiblepartners，andgenerallybehungrytogrowbeyondyourcomfortzone.A.Doyoustudyhardatschool?B.Makealistofbooksforeachmonth.C.Doyoustartoffandstopatsomepoint?D.Getupearlyandgotobedlatetob

38、ackupyourgoal.E.Itsimportanttostartoffbysettingagoaltocreateareadinghabit.F.Getafriendwillingtoread,andcreateaplantohelpyouachieveyourreadinggoals.G.Itcanmakeyouthinkdeeper,sharpenyourskillsandteachyoumoreaboutyourfield.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空

39、白处的最佳选项。.AfriendwascastinTheSoundofMusicTimsuggestedourdaughtersmightenjoybeinga_21_ofthemusical.“Youcantryoutfortheband,”hesaid.“No,Imtryingoutfortheshow.”Ianswered.Buttherewasoneproblemwithmy_22_:Idneverbeeninamusical.AndIdneversung_23_.(Mydaughterswantedto_24_,sowememorizedshowtunesandpreparedtoaudition试镜).Asouraudition_25_,Ifeltnervousandwantedtogiveup.B