新概念英语第二册Lesson05课件.ppt

1、Lesson 5 No wrong numbers无错号之虞 现在完成时的构成 概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。态。基本结构：主语基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词过去分词 否定形式：主语否定形式：主语+have/has+not+过去分词过去分词 常用的时间状语：常用的时间状语：now,today,tonight,this week,this year,already,yet,just,since,recently,in the p

2、ast few years等等等等 1 已经完成 He has left the city.他已离开这个城市。(结果：他不在这个城市。)Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。(结果：窗户仍破着。)I have lost my pen.我把钢笔丢了。(结果：我现在无钢笔用。)He has finished his work.他把工作做完了。（结果：他现在可以做其他的事了。）现在完成时的用法 二、未完成法 He has taught in our school for 30 years.他在我们学校教书已有他在我们学校教书已有30年了。年了。He has b

3、een busy since last week.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。自上个星期以来他一直很忙。He has worked for us ever since he left school.他离他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。开学校以后就一直为我们工作。一般过去时的构成 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。基本构成：主语基本构成：主语+动词（包括动词（包括be）的过去时）的过去时 常用的时间状语：常用的时间状语：yesterday,last week,an hour ago,the o

4、ther day,in 1982等具体时间状语。等具体时间状语。【注注】不论是否定句还是一般疑问句，只要用不论是否定句还是一般疑问句，只要用了助动词，原句中的谓语动词的过去时都要还了助动词，原句中的谓语动词的过去时都要还原成动词原形；主原成动词原形；主+系系+表结构的句子，主语要表结构的句子，主语要和和was和和were在人称和数上保持一致。在人称和数上保持一致。区 别 动作时间一般过去时动作发生在过去，现在已停止。表过去的一个时间点或特定时间现在完成时动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响,并且仍可能在继续表一段时间或不确定时间比较：比较：He has lived in China for ten

5、 years.他在中国住了十年。（含义：他可能还住在中国，他在中国住了十年。（含义：他可能还住在中国，也可能刚刚离开中国。）也可能刚刚离开中国。）He lived in China for ten years.他曾在中国住过他曾在中国住过10年。（含义：他现在已经不在年。（含义：他现在已经不在中国。）中国。）He lived here for five years.他在那里住过他在那里住过5年。年。He has lived here for five years.他在那里住他在那里住5年了。年了。8 1）The Greens have worked in China since 1998.格林

6、一家自1998年到现在一直在中国工作。The Greens worked in China in 1998.格林一家1998年在中国工作。2.)He has lived in the country for a long time.他在农村生活了很长时间。（现在还在农村）He lived in the country for a long time before he came to town.他进城前在农村生活了很长时间。3.)She has bought a bicycle.她买了一辆自行车。（现在她有一辆自行车了。）She bought a bicycle last year.去年她买了

7、一辆自行车。He _(work)in our school for one year.He _(come)to our school last year/in 2002.They _(cook)the supper already.They _(cook)the supper half an hour ago.1.-_ Uncle Wang _(mend)the TV yet?-Yes,he_.-When _ he _ it?-Yesterday.2.-I _(see)the film Chicken Run.小鸡，快跑小鸡，快跑-Where and when _ you _(see)it?-

8、Last week.3.-_ you _(see)the film last night?-No,I _(see)it for several times.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时和一般过去时的区别三三.一般过去时态和现在完成时的一般过去时态和现在完成时的区别区别：）现在完成时现在完成时是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要是表示过去的动作与现在的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般过去时一般过去时则强调动作则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如：发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如：We havent seen him sinc

9、e last year.(我们自从去年以来一直未见到我们自从去年以来一直未见到他（现在还未见到）他（现在还未见到）We didnt see him last year.我们去年我们去年没见到他（现在不一定未见到）没见到他（现在不一定未见到）现在完成时现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到现在表示从过去发生一直持续到现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现在有关的时间状语连用，与现在有关的时间状语连用，一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某一特定（与现在无关）表示过去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体的表示过去的时的时间，与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用间状语连用【时态填空】1

10、What _ you _(buy)yesterday?.did.buy yesterday,一般过去时 2 Up till now,he never _(lend)me anything.has never lent.up till now/up to now,现在完成时 never属于频率副词,频率副词一定会放在实义动词之前,非实义动词之后 3 _ you(burn)those old papers yet?.have you burned.burn:燃烧,yet,现在完成时的标志 4 He _(fight)in Flanders in the First World War.fought.

11、(fight的过去分词)in the first World War,in+具体的过去年代是具体的过去时间,一般过去时 5 They already _(leave).have already left.already:已经 6 When _ you _(lose)your umbrella?.did you lose.When,对时间点提问 要不然和将来时连用,When will you do sth?如果确定不和将来时连用,一般情况When的出现意味着一般过去时 现在完成时会用How long定位 7 _ you _(listen)to the concert last night?.Di

12、d you listen.last night,一般过去时 8 We just _(win)the match.have just won.just 动词的时态的第一种概念:根据这句话本身找关键词 完形填空一句话的出的结论不一定是正确的,往往要根据上下文的时间得出时态1.甘肃甘肃-youyourhomeworkyet?-Yes,Iitamomentago.A.Did,do,finishedB.B.Have,done,havefinishedC.Have,done,finishedD.Will,do,finishB2.海南海南-HasJohncome?-Yes.Hehasbeenherefor1

13、0minutes.A.yet,alreadyB.already,yetC.already,alreadyD.yet,yetA3.What_inthelasttenyears?A.hashappenedB.happenedC.happenD.happensthesedays,recently,inthepastfewdays等用在现等用在现在完成时在完成时A4.MissGreenisntintheoffice.She_tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.wentC.willD.hasbeenA 6.I _the floor yet.A.hasnt swept B.havent swe

14、ptC.dont sweep D.didnt sweepB3.A few years ago,friends me some beautiful Foshan pottery.A gaveB giveC have gaveD have givenA4.A bus to the night zoo everyday.A has goneB wentC goD goes一般现在时：一般现在时：everyday,everyweek,everyyear,often,usually,seldom,D：have gone to意为“到某地去”，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一人称、第二人称代词作句子的主语

15、。如：Where is Jim？吉姆在哪里？He has gone to England.他去英国了。（尚未回来）Mr Wang isnt hereHe has gone to Qingdao.王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。have been in和 have been to和 have gone to的用法 have been to意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once，twice，three times等，表示“去过某地几次”，也可和 just，never，ever等连用。如：My father has been to Beijing twice.我父亲去过北京两次。

16、I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。have been in表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。如：I have been in Shanghai for three years.我到上海已有三年了。He has been in London for half a month.他来伦敦已有半个月了。用have gone to/have been to/have been in/went to 填空。1._ you ever _ Disneyland?2.How many times _ you _ Disneyland?3.I _

17、 Nanjing since two years ago 4.Mr.Li _ Hong Kong.And hell come back in two days.5.How long _ you _ Disneyland?For three days.I _ the theme park last Sunday.6.My father _ Hong Kong two weeks ago.7.My father _ Hong Kong in 2005.8.My father _ Hong Kong since 2005.9.My father _ Hong Kong twice.10.My fat

18、her _ Hong Kong and he hasnt come back yet.11.Wheres Lucy?She has_ to a restaurant for lunch.12.Have you _ to this park before.13.I have_ there only once this year.14.She has _ to the shop to buy a notebook.15.Youre late,Lao Wang has _ to Guangzhou.1.Have been to 2.have,been to 3.have been in 4.has

19、gone to 5.have,been in/went to 6.went to 7.went to 8.has been in 9.has been to 10.has gone to 11.gone 12.been 13.been 14.gone 15.gone 1，pigeon n.鸽子pigeon与dove 是近义词，只是在平时的习惯用法时有所不同：好多关于dove的词组含有美好，和平的积极含义。peace dove 和平鸽，在政治上主和派一般被称为doves 鸽派，而主战派一般被称为hawks鹰派.一，生词解析pigeon n.鸽子 peace pigeon Little pigeo

20、n can carry great message.鸽子虽小，大事可传。A pigeon is cooing up in one of the elm.一只鸽子在榆树上咕咕地叫。An old man sat on the park bench and fed the pigeon.一位老人坐在公园的长凳上喂鸽子。I dont care where the money comes from:thats not my pigeon.我不管钱从哪儿来，那不是我的事。政治上的doves和hawks2,message n.信息leave a message:留口信，留言take a message:捎口

21、信messager 送信人，邮递员，信使message n.（口头或书面的）信息这是你妹妹给你的信息。这是你妹妹给你的信息。Here is a message for you from your sister.leave sb.a message 给给留便条留便条/口信口信我会给你留个便条。我会给你留个便条。Ill leave you a message.take a message for sb.替替捎口信捎口信你能替我捎个口信吗你能替我捎个口信吗?Can you take a message for me?take a message to sb.捎口信给捎口信给你能给你能给Tim捎个信吗

22、？捎个信吗？Can you take a message to Tim?看一下这三个词：message，information,news其中message 为可数名词，而information，news均为不可数名词。a piece of information：一条消息 a piece of news：一则新闻 cover v.越过 vt.盖，覆盖盖，覆盖 be covered with地面被雪所覆盖。地面被雪所覆盖。The ground was covered with snow.周杰伦给那孩子盖了件外衣。周杰伦给那孩子盖了件外衣。Zhou Jielun covered that chil

23、d with a coat.vt.行过（一段距离），走过（通常不用被动）行过（一段距离），走过（通常不用被动）cover+距离距离 越过越过 我们一周内到过三个国家我们一周内到过三个国家We covered three countries in a week.He covered sixty miles this morning.他今天上午走了他今天上午走了60英里。英里。n.覆盖物，盖子，封面覆盖物，盖子，封面 Put a cover on the box!给这盒子加个罩！给这盒子加个罩！This is a small book with a green cover.这是一本带着绿色封皮的小

24、书。（n.封面）Cover girl request n.要求，请求 n.要求要求,请求请求request for 对对有请求有请求,有需求有需求他需求更多的时间。他需求更多的时间。He requested for more time.他向美女老师请求帮助。他向美女老师请求帮助。He requested for help to beauty teacher.request sb.to do sth.要求某人做ask sb.to do sth.spare part 备件 adj.多余的，空闲的，剩下的，备用的：你可以睡在那间空着的卧室你可以睡在那间空着的卧室 You can sleep in t

25、he spare bedroom.我现在没有多余的时间我现在没有多余的时间 I have no spare time now.我现在没空。我现在没空。Where can I get spare parts for this machine?我在哪能买到这个机器的备件？我在哪能买到这个机器的备件？Sparepartspare parts 备件（adj.备用的）spare这个词很重要，我们来看看以下几个句子：What do you usually do in your spare time?（adj.空闲的）Can you spare me five minutes?（v.抽出）Please sp

26、are my life,and lives of my people.（v.饶命）service n.业务,服务 serve:(v.)服务,接待 at your service 随时为您效劳！乐意效劳酒店或餐厅服务员或者部下对上司经常会说的一句话，当你在餐厅用餐，或住酒店有事找服务员时，他们通常都会先说这句话或者部下表达对上司效忠时用到I am glad to be at your service.我很乐意为您效劳.You have done me a great service.你帮了我很大的忙。service n.业务,服务这家宾馆的服务很不错。The service in that ho

27、tel is quite good.service既可以指公用事业的业务the mail service（邮政业务）the telephone service（电话业务）也可指办这些业务的机构a travel service（旅行社）a news service（通讯社）。service center 服务中心 special service 特殊服务Mr.James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst.1.garage 英英gr(d);-d;gr 美美r n.车

28、库；汽车修理厂车库；汽车修理厂2.bought buy bought bought 买买 buy的用法，你还记得吗？的用法，你还记得吗？buy sb sth=buy sth for sb.给我的老师买一个电脑。给我的老师买一个电脑。buy my teacher a computer.buy a computer for my teacher.another,other,the other,others区别区别another(+单数名词单数名词)其它的很多个中的一个其它的很多个中的一个你能再给我看另一只钢笔吗？你能再给我看另一只钢笔吗？Can you show me another pen?ot

29、her(+名词名词)adj.其它的其它的(可加单可加单/复数名词复数名词)玛丽比班上任何别的女孩子都高玛丽比班上任何别的女孩子都高Mary is taller than any other girl in the class.the other 两个之中的另外一个两个之中的另外一个onethe other 一个一个另一个另一个一个人在浇花，另一个人在读书。一个人在浇花，另一个人在读书。One is watering the flowers,and the other is reading.others(不用再加名词不用再加名词)=other+名词复数名词复数一些男孩在踢足球，其他的男孩在玩篮球

30、。一些男孩在踢足球，其他的男孩在玩篮球。Some boys are playing football,and others are playing basketball.中考实战：This shirt is too small for me,please show me one.A other B the other C another D others表示泛指的另一个答案：C I have two books,one is an English book,is a Chinese book.A another B the other C other D others表示两者中的一个，另一个，

31、用词组：onethe other(one)答案：B Her friends have many different kinds of hobbies,some like singing,_ like playing basketball.A.another B.the others C.some otherD.others 由题意可知：她的朋友有很多不同的业余爱好，要远大于两种，所以我们空格处只能指剩下的部分，应该用词组：someothers-Did all the students in your class pass the test?-Some of them did._ didnt.A

32、.Another B.The others C.Some otherD.Others 对于通过考试的情况只有两种情况，一种是通过，另一种是没有通过，所以应该用一些，另外一些（剩下的全部）答案：BPinhurst is only five miles from Silbury,but Mr.Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage,so he has just bought twelve pigeons.five miles 五英里五英里对距离提问对距离提问 How far.?多远多远公交车站有多远？公交车站有多远？How far is th

33、e bus stop?公交车站离这有公交车站离这有10英里远。英里远。问问时间多长用时间多长用 How longget a telephone 得到电话得到电话,安装电话安装电话Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury,but Mr.Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage,so he has just bought twelve pigeons.from 在这里表示距离上相隔，译为“离”、“从”等：The school is a mile(away)from my house.学校离我家有一英里。S

34、he has been away from home for 5 days now.她离家已有5天了。Yesterday,a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury.carry v.带着带着,携带（不着地）携带（不着地）我带着包我带着包I carry the bag.take v.带着带着 我带我妹妹去电影院。我带我妹妹去电影院。I take my sister to the cinema.(take sb to sp)fromtofromto表示从一个地方到另一个地表示从一个地方到另一个地方方他从头到脚的看着这个女孩

35、他从头到脚的看着这个女孩He looked at the girl from head to foot.家家户户都得知了这条消息。家家户户都得知了这条消息。The news spread from house to house.He flew from Beijing to Moscow.他从北京坐飞机去莫斯科。他从北京坐飞机去莫斯科。The bird covered the distance in three minutes.cover the distance 飞过那段距离飞过那段距离Up to now,Mr.Scott has sent a great many requests for

36、 spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other.up to now=up till now=so far=untiltill now到到现在为止现在为止作时间状语，时态多用现在完成时作时间状语，时态多用现在完成时Up to now,he has not been married.直到现在直到现在.他也没结婚他也没结婚Up to now,he has not been very hard-working.到目前为止，他一直不是很用功。到目前为止，他一直不是很用功。Up to now,he has collec

37、ted a good number of stamps.到目前为止，他已收集了许多邮票。到目前为止，他已收集了许多邮票。request作名词作名词“要求要求”、“请求请求”讲时，讲时，往往需要补充说明其内容，往往需要补充说明其内容，She sent a request for help to Gary.她向加里请求帮助。她向加里请求帮助。He granted my request for more time.他同意了我延长时间的请求。他同意了我延长时间的请求。这句话看起来很长，但却是个简单句。sent有两个宾语，一是requests，二是messages。from one garage to

38、the other是整个句子的状语。a great many在这句话中为形容词短语。many单独使用时前面不加a，但加了great/good等形容词后，前面要加 a：A great many trees were destroyed in the storm.好多树在这场暴风雨中被毁坏了。a great many还可以作代词短语用：He has read a great many of the books in this room.这房间的书他好多都读过了。In this way,he has begun his own private telephone service.in this wa

39、y:这样这样,以这种方式以这种方式就这样，他赢得了那场比赛。就这样，他赢得了那场比赛。In this way,he has won the game.in a way:从某种意义上来说从某种意义上来说 在某种程度上来说，你挺好的。在某种程度上来说，你挺好的。In a way,you are kind.in the way:挡路挡路那个椅子挡路了那个椅子挡路了The chair is in the way.by the way:随便说一声随便说一声,随便问一下随便问一下on the way(to):在去在去.的途中的途中(陈述句陈述句)我在上学的路上见到了我在上学的路上见到了Lucy I met

40、 Lucy on the way to school三，关于way的一些词组及spare的一些用法：1，in the way,on the way,in this way,by the way,in a way的用法 in the way:Please move this chair.It is in the way.请挪一下这个椅子，它挡住道啦。Dont be in my way!不要挡我的道！如果在人多拥挤的地方我们希望别人让路，通常说 excuse me，而不是Dont be in my way!不要挡我的道！这样会显得很不礼貌。Do your work in the way I hav

41、e shown you.根据的方式总结：in the way,in ones way 挡道in the way:以的方式on the way to:在去的路上On the way to the station,I bought some chocolate.On my way to school,I saw a pretty girl who looks like MengOn my way home,I met a ghost.总结：on the way to+地点/on ones way to+地点在去的路上如果说在回家的路上则不用toon the way home/on ones way

42、 home 练习：翻译下面的一句话 昨天在我回家的路上，我遇见了一位色狼。答案：Yesterday on my way home I met a wolf/lady-killer.in this way：通过这种方式 Only in this way can we improve ourselves.只有用这种方法我们才能不断提高自己。by the way：顺便问一下，顺便说一下By the way,whats your name?顺便问一下，你叫什么？By the way,have you seen Harry recently?顺便问一下，你最近见哈利了吗？in a way:在某种意义上I

43、n a way,it is an important book.在某种意义上，这是一本很重要的书。Quiz about“way”1._ from Athens to London,the plane stopped at Rome.2.I cooked this _ you showed me.3._,where is my coat?4.Yes,_ he has been very successful.5.Children get _ during the holidays.1.On the way 2.in the way 3.By the way 4.in this/a way 5.i

44、n the wayTranslation1.Could you help me to take a message to my family?2.Cover me!3.There is a long distance between you and me.4.Get out of my way!5.Can we talk in a friendly way?。在一段文章中可以同时出现一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时。因此，要根据具体情况灵活运用这些时态，体会它们之间的区别：I have a brother,Tom.He is an engineer.He has been abroad fo

45、r three years now.Several days ago,I received a letter from him.我有一个弟弟，名叫汤姆。他是位工程师。他出国已3年了。几天前我收到了一封他的来信 Exercise Mr.James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just _(buy)another garage in Pinhurst.Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury,but Mr.Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garag

46、e,so he has just _(buy)twelve pigeons.Yesterday,a pigeon _(carry)the first message from Pinburst to Silbury.The bird _(cover)the distance the first three minutes.Up to now,Mr.Scott has _(send)a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent message from one garage to the other.In this way,he h

47、as _(begin)his own private“telephone”service.詹姆斯斯科特先生在锡尔伯里有一个汽车修理部，现在他刚在平赫斯特买了另一个汽车修理部。平赫斯特离锡尔伯里只有5英里，但詹姆斯斯科特先生未能为他新的汽车修理部搞到一部电话机，所以他买了12只鸽子。昨天，一只鸽子把第一封信从平赫斯特带到锡尔伯里。这只鸟只用了3分钟就飞完了全程。到目前为止，斯科特先生从一个汽车修理部向另一个发送了大量索取备件的信件和其他紧急函件。就这样，他开始了自己的私人“电话”业务。summery writing 摘要写作摘要写作1.Mr.Scott has opened his second

48、 garage in Pinhurst.2.His first garage is in Silbury.3.Silbure is five miles away from Pinhurst.Mr.4.Scott cant get a telephone for his new garage.5.He has just bought twelve pigeons.6.They carry messages from one garage to the other in three minutes.Comprehension 1 Mr.Scott hasnt got a telephone in

49、 his new garage because _(a)it isnt far from his old garage,so he doesnt need one (b)he has twelve pigeons(c)he cant get one (d)its too expensive2 Mr.Scott keeps pigeons because _(a)he uses them to send messages (b)its his hobby(c)he has two garages (d)he likes them82 Structure 3 Mr.Scott has a gara

50、ge.The garage is _ (a)to him (b)of him (c)of his (d)his 4 Mr.Scott cannot get a telephone for his garage._he has just bought twelve pigeons.(a)Thats so (b)Thats why (c)Because (d)For 5 He has just bought twelve pigeons.When did he _ them?(a)bought (b)buys (c)buy (d)buying 6 Whats the distance from P