新概念英语第二册-lesson-77-A-Suc课件.pptx

1、Lesson 77 A Successful OperationListen to music and then fill these blanksEveryday English East or west，home is best 金窝、银窝，不如自己的草窝New words and expressionsmummymmn.木乃伊Egyptiandp()nadj.埃及的templetemp()ln.庙markmkn.斑点plate pletn.（照相）底片diseasedzizn.疾病lastlstv.持续provepruvv.显示出resinreznn.树脂skinsknn.皮肤secti

2、onsek()nn.切片figurefgn.（人的）体形；人像normallynm()ladv.通常地survivesvavv.幸免于Key Words mummy mummyn.木乃伊；妈妈 eg:一具古埃及木乃伊正在博物馆展出。AnancientEgyptianmummyisonexhibitioninthemuseum.IwishMummywouldntgush over(对过分赞扬)Peterslittlesuccessesatschool;itmakeshimfeelafoolinfrontofhisfriends.单元妈妈不要老是对彼得在学校取得的一点点进步就过分赞扬，这就会使他在

3、朋友面前感觉自己像个傻瓜。Egyptian dp()n adj.埃及的，埃及人的埃及的，埃及人的theEgyptianpharaohfro埃及法老1.拉美西斯二世2.美尼斯3.胡夫4.左塞尔5.阿赫那顿6.图坦塔蒙7.图特摩斯三世8.阿蒙霍特普三世9.尼克二世10.塞提一世11.图特摩斯四世12.大流世一世EgyptianPyramid埃及金字塔n.埃及人，古埃及语埃及人，古埃及语Egyptidpt n.埃及埃及temple templeofheaven 天坛 Afterthefire,nothingremainedofthemagnificentbuildingsofthetemple.大火

4、过后，寺院里的哪些雄伟建筑已荡然无存。templefaire 庙会mark EE:a small area on the surface of something which is damaged,dirty or different in some way.n.标志、符号、痕迹 trademark 商标 Hemademarkswithapencil.他用铅笔做了记号。Herfingerleftmarksonthescreenofmytelevision.她的手在我的电视的屏幕上留下了印子。v.做记号，标记于，打分数 Markthemwithasymbol.用个符号把他们标出来。相关表示：si

5、gnplate plet n.(照相)底片；盘子；钢板 Thereisahugeplateofbaconandeggsonthetable.有一大盘子培根和鸡蛋在桌子上。steelplate钢板 licenseplate牌照 inonesplate心情很好disease dzizn.疾病therapidspreadofdiseaseinthearea.心脏病heartdiseaseThediseaseattackedhissuddenly.疾病突然侵袭了他。词义辨析：illness，disease 两个词在口语中用法相同，也有一些细微差别：illness（adiseaseofthebodyor

6、mind,ortheconditionofbeingill)指病的状态，时间的长短，或指身体不好。Shediedafteralongillness.她在久病之后去世了。Hesuffersfromaseriousillness.他病得很厉害。Disease(anillnesswhichaffectsaperson,animal,orplant)一般指有医学名称，与身体的部分有关的疾病，如果是传染性疾病的话会被携带或传染。akidney/infectiousdisease肾病/传染性的疾病 一般下列疾病只用illness mentalillness/terminalillness 精神疾病/晚期疾

7、病last lst n.末尾，最后，上个 eg.Hefinishedoffthelastofthewine.他喝完了剩下的酒。adj.最后的；最近的；最新的 Muchhaschangedsincemylastvisit.自从我上次来访后，变化很大。adj.最后地；上次；最近 Whenwereyoutherelast?你最近一次在那里是什么时候？v.持续，够用，持久（+表示时间的名词/短语，for可有可无）Thegamelastedonlyhalfthenormaltime.这场比赛只持续了正常比赛时间的一半。Therepairedsaillastedlessthan24hours.Thewar

8、betweenthetwocountrieslasted(for)overthreeyearsuntil1453.这两个国家之间的战争持续3年多。prove pruv to show that something is true by providing facts,information etc.v.证明，显示prove+n./adj./todosth/从句 Thenewevidenceproveshimtobeguilty.新证据证明他是有罪的。Thenewtreatmenthasprovedtobeverysuccessful.新的治疗方式证实非常成功。Itisdifficulttopr

9、ovewhetherspacelifeexistsornot.要证实外星人是否存在非常困难。Thearticlehasprovedmostuseful.这篇文章证明非常有用。provesb.wrong证明某人错误 sb./sth.provetobesth某人/某事被发现是 provesth.tosb.向某人证明某事物属实 相关表达：proofn.证据，证明approvev.批准，同意resin rezn n.树脂；松香 Thetransparentshoulderstrapsaremadeofresin.透明的肩带是树脂做的。skin skn n.皮肤 Herskinisassoftasbab

10、ies.她的皮肤像婴儿一样柔软。香蕉皮/土豆皮 banana/potatoskin v.剥皮 skinarabbit 剥兔皮section sek()n n.切片，部分 飞机的尾部着火了。Thebacksectionoftheplanecaughtfire.Thetestconsistsoffoursections.医生在显微镜下仔细检查从尸体上切下来的切片。Thedoctorexaminedthesectioncutfromthedeadbodyunderthemicroscope.figure fg n.体形；人像；人影；数字 那女人身材很棒。Theladyhasagreatfigure.

11、你最好多运动一下来保持体形。Youdbetterexercisemoretokeepyourfigure.Shescreamedwhenshesawadarkfigureinherbedroom.当她看到卧室的房间里有个黑影时尖叫了起来。Howdidyourcalculationarriveatthisfigure?你的计算怎么会得出这个数字的？normally nm()l usually，or under normal conditions adv.通常地，正常地 Normallyhisbadmoodlastsoneortwodays.通常在早上路上的车会少些。Therearelesscar

12、sinthemorning./Thetrafficisnormallylighterinthemorning.相关表达：normaladj.正常的，一般的 记忆点拨：norm(规范，规则)al(形容词后缀)ly(副词后缀)survive svav to continue to live after an accident,war,or illness:survive sth.幸免于；熬过幸免于；熬过;在在中幸存下来中幸存下来 没有乘客在空难中幸存。Noneofthepassengerssurvivedtheaircrash.Iwonderhowtheycansurviveonsuchpoori

13、ncome.我很想知道他们靠那么可怜的收入是怎么活下来的。Hesurvivedallhischildren.他比他所有孩子活的都长。相关表达：survivaln.幸存 survivorn.幸存者 victimn.死难者，受害者Watch the cartoon and then answer these questions.Q1:WhathashappenedtothemummyofanEgyptianwomanrecently?Q2:Whydidthedoctorsdecidetooperateonthismummy?Q3:Whatdidthedoctorsfindduringtheoper

14、ation?Q4:Didthemummysurvivetheoperation?The mummy just has an operation.AstherewerestrangemarksontheX-Rayplatestakenofthemummy,theonlywaytofindoutwhethershediedofararediseaseistooperateonthemummy.TheyfoundasmallwaxfigureofthegodDuamutefinsidethemummy.Yes,itdid.Themummydidnotfalltopiecesasthedoctorsh

15、adfeared.Read after the textLanguage Points ThemummyofanEgyptianwomanwhodiedin800B.C.hasjusthadanoperation.Translation:死于公元前800年的一位埃及妇女的木乃伊刚刚接受了一次手术.了解：国际上以耶稣基督诞生为起点，在耶稣基督诞生之前叫“公元前”，耶稣基督诞生开始为公元。耶稣诞生那年以后的年代是“公元后”，简称“公元”。公元元年相当于于我管西汉子弟元始元年。BC-BeforeChrist AD-AnnoDomini.主的生年 从公元前三百年到公元四百年：from300B.C.to

16、A.D.400operation pre()n n.手术；操作；经营 giveanoperationonsb.给某人做手术 haveanoperation(onsb)动手术 operationonsb.forsth.“生效，实施”的表达方式：come/bringintooperation Whendoestheplancomeintooperation?这项计划什么时候实施？Isthisruleinoperationyet?这条规定生效了吗？The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.

17、Translation:这是曾在底比斯神殿里当过歌手的赛潘姆特的木乃伊。1）that用以指代前面的themummy,以避免重复。在指代特指的事事物时，尤其是在比较状语从句中，常用that和those指代前面提到的事物：ThecostoflivinghereislowerthanthatinLondon.这里的生活费用比伦敦的要低。2）thatof和thoseof通常用于比较正式的文体中：TheareaoftheUSAislargerthanthatofBritain.美国的面积比英国的要大。Tomspenisbetterthanthatoftheotherboys.汤姆的笔比其他男孩的要好。课

18、文中使用thatof结构的原因之一是Shepenmut需要后面跟一个补充说明她身份的关系从句。As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates As there were strange marks on the X-ray plates taken of the mummytaken of the mummy,doctors have been trying to,doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare find out whether the w

19、oman died of a rare disease.disease.Translation：由于在给这个木乃伊拍摄的X光片子上有点奇怪的斑点，所以，医生们一直试图搞清这位妇女是否死于一种罕见的疾病。taken of the mummy 过去分词作定语修饰plates take the plates of 给拍片子 hand/give sb.sth.on a plate把某事物奉送给某人/让某人轻易获得某事物。die of,死于,因而死（后面跟名词）死于内因 The man died of a bad cold/died of hunger.那个人死于重感冒/是饿死的。死于外因：die fr

20、om die from an earthquake/a traffic accident,a lightning,a stroke,etc)死于地震（交通事故、雷击等）die out-灭绝完全的灭亡,灭绝 eg.This tribetrab and the tribal customs died out centuries ago.这个部落和部落文化几个世纪前灭绝了。The operation,The operation,which lasted for which lasted for over four hours,proved over four hours,proved to be v

21、ery difficult to be very difficult because of because of the hard resin which the hard resin which covered the skin.covered the skin.Translation：手术持续了4个多小时，非常难做，因为皮肤上覆盖着一层硬硬的树脂。which引导的分句为非限制性关系从句，因为它前后都有逗号。非限制性关系从句提供补充信息，往往可以略去。逗号的取舍有时对句子的意思有很大的影响：Thegovernmentwhichpromisestocuttaxeswillbepopular.承

22、诺减税的政府将赢得人心。（限制性）Thegovernment，whichpromisestocuttaxeswillbepopular.这个政府承诺减税，它将会赢得人心。（非限制性）because of 由于 becauseof=asaresultof由于 Becauseof(=Asaresultof)his illness,hecancelledhisbirthdayparty.注意区分：becauseof+名词性短语 because+从句 Becausehe was ill,hecancelledhisbirthdayparty.The doctors removed a section

23、of the mummy and sent it to a laboratory.Translation：医生们从木乃伊身上取下一个切片，送去实验室（化验）。Remove 1）除掉）除掉 衣服上的这些墨水污点洗得掉吗衣服上的这些墨水污点洗得掉吗?Can the ink be removed from the clothes?2）移开）移开 有一会儿他的视线没有从她的面孔上移开有一会儿他的视线没有从她的面孔上移开 For a moment he did not remove his eyes from her face.They feared that the mummy would fall

24、to pieces when they cut it open,but fortunately this has not happened.Translation：他们曾担心在把木乃伊切开后，它会散成碎片，但幸运得很，这种情况并未发生。cut open 切开切开 Theletterwascutopen.这封信被剪开了。fall to pieces=go to pieces 碎成碎片，散掉碎成碎片，散掉 Heavyheartistoodeep,willloadnotsadblow,allfalltopiecesinthedarknessofmidnight,letmeemptyandalone.

25、心的沉重太深，再也负荷不起忧伤的打击，全部碎落在漆黑的午夜，让空洞的我独自面对。Special difficulties Skin，LeatherandComplexion skin n.人体的皮肤；指某人是什么颜色的皮肤（可与complexion互换）We are wet to the skin.He has a dark skin/complexion.leather n.皮革 Shoes made of real leather have become very expensive.This sofa is made from real plexion n.肤色 Look at her

26、rosy cheeks.She has a lovely complexion.Special difficulties WaxandCandlewax n.蜡（不可数名词）All the figures in this shop are made of wax.candle n.蜡烛（可数名词）I keep a candle by my bed in case the lights go out suddenly.Grammar 定语从句定语从句The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C.has just had an operati

27、on.(限制性)The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.(限制性)The operation,which lasted for over four hours,proved to be very difficult because of the hard resin which covered the skin.(非限制性)They also found something which the X-ray plates did not show.(限制性)This god whic

28、h has the head of a cow was normally placed inside a mummy.(限制性)Grammar VS试比较试比较She has a son who is a doctor.（不止一个）（不止一个）She has a son,who is a doctor.（仅有一个）（仅有一个）He said nothing that made her angry.（没说使她生气的话）（没说使她生气的话）He said nothing,which made her angry.（他（他没作声，这使她非常生气）没作声，这使她非常生气）限制性定语从句与非限制性限制性

29、定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别定语从句的区别 1。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就不完整或不明确。非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然清楚。2，限制性定语从句与主句之间不能用，限制性定语从句与主句之间不能用逗号分开，非限制性定语从句与主句之逗号分开，非限制性定语从句与主句之间要用逗号隔开间要用逗号隔开.The film which was shown just now is very exciting.(限制性限制性)We saw an exciting film,which is about how people fight agai

30、nst pollution.(非限制性非限制性)3.限制性定语从句可以用限制性定语从句可以用that引导引导;非限非限制性定语从句不用制性定语从句不用that引导引导,应用应用 which/as引导引导.That is the interesting novel that/which you are eager to read.I read an interesting novel,which was about the Long March.关系代词关系代词asas的用法及其与的用法及其与whichwhich的区别的区别关系代词关系代词as在定语从句中指代整件事，在定语从句中指代整件事，充当

31、句中的主语或者宾语，它充当句中的主语或者宾语，它经常和经常和the same,such,as一起搭配使用，共一起搭配使用，共同构成一个固定词组同构成一个固定词组。1.Asweallknow,heisafamousscientist.2.Asisexpected,heisadiligentboy.3.Shehasthesamebookasyouhave.关系代词关系代词as可以放在句子的开头，可以使可以放在句子的开头，可以使用被动语态，而关系代词用被动语态，而关系代词which则不可以。则不可以。请比较请比较：As everyone knows,it is necessary to build

32、a hospital in this small town.It is necessary to build a hospital in this small town,which is clear to us.Our department will hold the meeting,as is known by us.as习惯上用于下列词组习惯上用于下列词组:the sameas suchasasas as you knowas we have seen as is known to allas anybody can seeas was expectedFor exampleFor exa

33、mpleHe has bought the same type of bike as I have.Such teachers as know Tom think him bright.As we know,China is a developing country.He,as we expected,came to the party on time.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.as AsIt

34、定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as as,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的词一般是固定的This is the same book as I lost.This is the same book that I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一这

35、是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。本书。定语从句定语从句4.限制性定语从句的关系代词做宾语时可限制性定语从句的关系代词做宾语时可省略。非限制性定语从句的关系代词作宾省略。非限制性定语从句的关系代词作宾语时则不能省略，介词后的关系代词也不语时则不能省略，介词后的关系代词也不能省略。能省略。I will never forget the days(that/which)we spent together.He is the man to whom you can turn for help.His mother,whom he loved dearly,died in1918.5。限制性定语从句只修

36、饰先行词，非限限制性定语从句只修饰先行词，非限制性定语从句可以修饰先行词，也可以修制性定语从句可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰其前面的整个句子或句子的一部分。饰其前面的整个句子或句子的一部分。She failed to the exam again,which made her mother very angry.He will made a trip to Suzhou,which is famous for its beautiful scenery.区别区别限定性定从限定性定从VS非限定性定从非限定性定从形式形式 The village where I grew up is a beautif

37、ul place.I spent a whole afternoon with Tom,who was very helpful.功能功能 Theyre two girls.The girl that I like is kind.My sister Ellen,who is nice,is a nurse.先行先行 The English man that I know is Peter.词词 Mike sold the house,which made his father angry.关关系系Exercise词词 无无“，”，意思不完整意思不完整 不影响表达不影响表达 既可以是单个名词，

38、也可是整个句子既可以是单个名词，也可是整个句子 通常为单个名词或代词通常为单个名词或代词 that 不能引导不能引导非限定性定从。非限定性定从。whom 在非限定从中在非限定从中不能用不能用who 代替代替。引导非限定从的关系词，即使作宾语也引导非限定从的关系词，即使作宾语也 不可省略不可省略。ExercisesA1、All_isusefultousisgood.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC2、Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、theoneD4、Thisistheschool_myfathe

39、rworked20yearsago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereDB3、Shewillneverforgettheday_shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC5、Thisisthefactory_wevisitedlastyear.A、thatB、inwhichC、whatD、theoneA6、Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories_learntinthepastthreedays.A、thathaveB、thathavebeenC、whichhasD、whichhasbeenB1

40、.The weather turned out to be very good,_was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it2.John is the boy to _ I gave the money.A.who B.whom C.that D.which3.His English,_ used to be very poor,is now excellent.A.which B.that C.when D.what4.Ill come at ten,_ Ill be free.A.which B.that C.when

41、D.what 5.She has two brothers,_ are teachers.A.who B.that C.whom D./BBACA(99)He made another wonderful discovery,_ of great importance to science.A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think which is(00)Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_,of course,m

42、ade the others unhappy.A.who B.which C.this D.what(1)John said hed been working in the office for an hour,_ was true.A.he B.this C.which D.who (00)_ is known to all,the moon goes around the earth twice a month.A.As B.It C.Which D.What 关系代词关系代词 介词介词+关系代词关系代词 名词或代词名词或代词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词 The knife _ we of

43、ten use to cut the bread is very sharp.(which,with which)The knife _ we cut the bread is very sharp.(which,with which)I have never climbed the mountain,_ the top is covered with snow all year round.I have never climbed the mountain,_ top is covered with snow all year round.(which,of which,whose,wher

44、e)which with whichof whichwhose*关系代词和人称代词关系代词和人称代词/指示代词的选择指示代词的选择 He has three sons,none of _ is a doctor.He has three sons,but none of _ is a doctor.He has three sons,_ are doctors.He has three sons;_ are doctors.A.whom B.them C.they D.whoADBC1.I still remember the days _ I worked with the farmers.

45、I still remember the days _ I spent with the farmersA.which B.on which C.when D.what2.We were on the way _ it began to rain.I dont like the way _ you speak to your parents.A.when B.that C.how D.which whenwhichwhenthat3.Theteacherdidntknowthereason_shewasabsentyesterday.Theteachercouldntacceptthereas

46、on_sheexplainedyesterday.A.howB.whyC.thatD.who4.Isthisschool_youevervisited?Isthistheschool_youeverstudied?Isthistheschoolin_youeverstudied?A.whereB.whichC.thatD.theonewhythatDAB5.This is _ he said at he meeting yesterday.This is all_ he said at the meeting yesterday.A.that B.which C.what D.how6._ i

47、s reported in the newspapers,they have beaten all the other teams._ is reported in the newspaper that they have beaten all the other teams._ is reported in the newspaper is that they have beaten all the other teams.A.It B.As C.Which D.What CABAD7.Thatisthehouse,_windowshasntbeencleanedformonths.That

48、isthehouse,_thewindowshasntbeencleanedformonths.Thatisthehouse,but_windowshasntbeencleanedformonths.A.itsB.itsC.whoseD.ofwhichCDA8.John said hed been working in the office for hours,_ true.John said hed been working in the office for hours,but _ true.A.he was B.it was C.which was D.who was CB9.Afewp

49、eoplewerecaughtinthebigfire,_died.Afewpeoplewerecaughtinthebigfire,_dead.A.twoofwhoB.twoofwhomC.twoofthemD.twooftheyBC10.Doyouknowthegirl_callingherselfMissForgetful?Doyouknowthegirl_callsherselfMissForgetful?A.whoB.whomC.sheD./DA11.He wrote the best composition,_ surprised all of us.He wrote the best composition _ we all read just now.A.that B.which C.it D./BAHomework 1、完成本课的配套练习 2、背诵本课