宾语从句完整版课件讲义.ppt

1、宾语从句什么是宾语从句什么是宾语从句宾语从句的连接词宾语从句的连接词宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态什么是宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。I like my teacher.（名词作宾语（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）（不定式作宾语）I know him.（代词作宾语）（代词作宾语）一什

2、么 是宾语从句？我们我们 知道知道 姚明姚明WeknowYao Ming主主s s 谓谓v v我们我们 知道知道We know试比较宾宾o o他他是是一个著名的篮球运动员一个著名的篮球运动员thathe is a famous basketball player主主s s主主s s谓谓v v连接词连接词谓谓v v宾宾o o宾宾o o宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。有哪些句子可以做宾语？?1，陈述句，he is a famous basketball player2,一般疑问句，Will our teachers attend the meeting？3，特殊疑问句，

3、which coat did you prefer?一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由句），连词由that引导，因为引导，因为that在从句中不作在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略或非正式文体中常省略?Lin Tao feels(that)his own team is even better.?She says(that)she wonttake part in the sports meetingnext Sunday.

4、?Jim thought(that)the train was like a big moving party.?He said(that)he would like to see the headmaster.在主句为动词在主句为动词 be加某些形容词（如加某些形容词（如 sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句的从句也可算是宾语从句?Im sorry(that)I dont know.?Weresure(that)our team will win.?Im afraid(that)he wont pa

5、ss the exam.e.g.he will be back in an hour1.I hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）he missed us very much2.He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）3.The teacher told us(that)the earth moves around the sun_.（地球围着太阳转）练一练练一练用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.I know 2.She says 3.Tell your friend（that）1.This is a book.2.You like singi

6、ng.3.He worked last night.4.They will go home.5.Jim has been to Beijing.6.She sings well.一般疑问句做宾语一般疑问句做宾语我问他是否想去游泳I ask Does he want to go swim?1,改为陈述句语气，改为陈述句语气，2，用，用if/whether连接连接I ask If/whetherhe wants to go swim（一）宾语从句的语序（一）宾语从句的语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序There is a shop near here.2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序Is the

7、re a shop near here?宾语从句必须用宾语从句必须用陈述语序陈述语序_练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Is there a bank near here?There is a bank near here2.Is it on Fifth Avenue?It is on Fifth Avenue3.Are they doing homework?They are doing homework4.Does she work in a hospital?she works in a hospital5.Did you go to Center Pa

8、rk?you went to Center Park 6.Do we have to wear a uniform?we have to wear a uniform7.Can we wear hats in school?we can wear hats in school由由if或或whether引导的宾语从句。引导的宾语从句。If和和whether在在句中的意思是句中的意思是“是否是否”。例如：。例如：?I want to know if(whether)he lives there.?He asked me whether(if)I could help him.注意一下情况只用注意一

9、下情况只用whether，不用，不用if。1.whether引导的从句常可以与引导的从句常可以与连词连词or或或or not直接连直接连用。如：用。如：Let me know whether you can come or not.Let me know if you can come or not.2.当宾语从句提到当宾语从句提到句首句首时，只能用时，只能用whether引导。如：引导。如：Whether it is true or not,I cant tell.If it is true or not,I cant tell.?3.whether可以引导带可以引导带to的不定式。如：的不

10、定式。如：?I dont know whether to accept or refuse.I dont know if to accept or refuse.?4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：之后，作介词的宾语。如：?I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.I worry about if I hurt her feelings.练一练练一练用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks 1.Is he

11、reading?2.Do you get up at six?3.Does Tom work hard?4.Did you watch TV?5.Will they read books?6.Can you sing?if/whether特殊疑问句做宾语特殊疑问句做宾语我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带？特殊疑问句做宾语特殊疑问句做宾语我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？I wonderWhich tie do you like best特殊疑问句变成特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身连接词就是疑问词本身I wonderwhich tie you like best?8.Wheres you

12、r pen pal from?Where your pen pal is from9.Where does he live?Where he lives10.What language does she speak?What language she speaks11.Why do you like pandas?Why you like pandas?he comesDo you know where _ from?(he,come)?Is the wayCan you tell me which_to the park?(be way)练一练练一练用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句用以下开头

13、与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.Can you tell me 1.2.3.4.5.6.What is this?What are you doing?Where do you live?When does he get up?How did you go to work?Who will you play with?四四.宾语从句中时态的变化宾语从句中时态的变化填一填填一填I hear(that)Jimwas(be)a worker two years ago.Jim is(be)an English teacher now.Jim

14、will cook(cook)dinner tomorrow.Jim is singing(sing)a popular song now.Jim has been(be)to the Great Wall twice.Jim was playing(play)basketball when his father came back.Jim had learned(learn)1000 Chinese words by the end of last semester.1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种

15、时态。我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）（需要性原则）辨一辨1)He will go to Hong Kong.2)He is sick.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.1)He to Hong Kongwould go.2)He sick.wasHe said3)He was readinga book.4)He had finished his work.2.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互应的过去

16、的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）一致。（呼应性原则）确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从句句时时态态一般现在时一般现在时连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后时态保持不变时态保持不变一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时ATTENTIONisHe told me(that)Summer after Spring.isI was told(that)the

17、sun much bigger than the moon.My parents told me(that)no news good news.is3.3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）现在时态。（特殊性原则）找错误找错误.Find out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live?2 She knew that Danny

18、 is a student.was3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn.is4 Do you know who car it is?whose七七.本课小结本课小结thatthat（陈述句（陈述句）引导词引导词ififwhetherwhether（一般疑问句（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句（特殊疑问句)宾宾语语从从句句三三要要素素时态时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态从句可为任何时态一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时客观

19、真理客观真理 自然现象自然现象公式定理公式定理 名言警句名言警句时态不变时态不变语序语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序巩固练习：巩固练习：I从下列从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。中选择一个正确选项填空。Do you know _?CA.where does she live B.she lives whereC.where she lives D.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he _at Bthat time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will

20、 do3.We dont know _.C-It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.if he lives here4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour,but could not find _?CA.what Lily was B.what was LilyC.where Lily was D.where was LilyA5 The girls asked if they _ some fo

21、od and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.CA.travelled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelled?A7.Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow?A.if B.weather C.what D.which8.Could you tell me _?CA.when will they leave BeijingB.when wou

22、ld they leave BeijingC.when they will leave Beijing D.when did theyleave Beijing II.改错：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school.Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school._2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east.Father told me the sun always rises in the east._3.He doesnt know tha

23、t when she can come back.He doesnt know when she can come back._.完成句子。完成句子。Will be back1.I hear(that)he _ in an hour.（我听说他一小时后回来。）missed us2.He said(that)he _ very much.（他说他非常想念我们。）If/whether he can come3.Ask him _.（问问他是否能来。）where he is4.Can you tell me _.（你能告诉我他在哪儿吗？）宾宾 语语 从从 句句 小小 结结一一.结构结构1.当陈述句作宾语从句时当陈述句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+that+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分2.当一般疑问句作宾语从句时当一般疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+if(whether)+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分3.当当 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时特殊疑问句作宾语从句时,结构结构:主句主句+特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+主语主语+谓语部分谓语部分二主从时态关系二主从时态关系主句主句一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时3.(特殊特殊):任何时态任何时态从句从句时态不变时态不变时态相应变化时态相应变化一般现在时一般现在时(客观、自然现象客观、自然现象)三三.语序：陈述语序语序：陈述语序