定语从句详解经典课件.ppt

1、(Attributive clause)一、概念一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.?(在句子中作在句子中作定语定语)Harry Porter is a smart boy.形容词作定语形容词作定语Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰boy,叫做叫做定语从句定语从句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词先行词 关系词关系词定语从句定语从句关系关系副词副词where,when，why关系关系代词代词which,who,whom,wh

2、ose,that二、用法:关系代词关系代词:引导定语从句的关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词who whom whose thatwhich先行词是人These are the studentswho/that won the first place last year.先行词是物These are the treeswhich/that were planted last year.Have a tryHave a try指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr.Wang.主语()

3、宾语2.The girl(whom)I met is Lucy.()3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.定语()4.I like the book(which)you bought yesterday.宾语()1.who,whom,whose,that 用法区别.who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.分解The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.作主语 whom 作定语从句的

4、宾语The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.分解The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.作宾语 that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.可省略The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物既可以指人，也可以指物).I kno

5、w the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.作定语The girlsmother is a teacher.I have a book whose cover is yellow.2.which,that 的的用法which 作定语从句的主语或宾语.可省略This is a truck which/that is made in China.作主语作主语I like the book(which/that)you bought yesterday.作宾语作宾语3.只能用只能用that的情况的情况Tom is the clever

6、est boy thatI have ever known.This is the first playthat I have seen since I came here.序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时Ive read all the books that you lend me.先行词被先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。等修饰时。Everything that we saw in this film was true.everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行

7、词时This is the very book that belongs to him.先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?主句已有主句已有who或或which时时Ive never heard of the people and thingsthat you talked about just now.当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物

8、时时4.关系代词前有介词时关系代词前有介词时(介词提前介词提前).指指人只用人只用whom,指物只用指物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked.This is the ring on which she spent1000 dollars.（一）引导定语从句的关系代词（一）引导定语从句的关系代词主语主语宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatWhichthatthat指物指物whom（优先）（优先）whose（of whom）whothatWhichWhosethat(of which)thatwhose指人和物指人和物（二）引导定语从句的关系副词（

9、二）引导定语从句的关系副词when,where,why关系副词关系副词whenwhere 先行词先行词时间时间地点地点reason在从句中的成分在从句中的成分时间时间状语状语地点地点状语状语原因原因状语状语why 17?1.This is the place where I was born.?This is the place_ I like.?2.I remember the day when I first met him.?This is the day _ I remember deeply.?3.Can you tell me the reason why you lied to

10、me?The reason _ you gave me is notconvincing.（三）关系副词（三）关系副词与与介词介词+关系代词关系代词的替代的替代When=on(in,during)which关系副词关系副词where=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for whichwhen?when可用可用in/on/at/during+which 代替代替1.I still remember the day.2.I first met him on whichthe day.I still remember the day on whichwhenI first me

11、t him.20where?where可用in/on/at/to+which代替1.The dictionary is the only place.2.Success comes before work which.in the dictionary.whereThe dictionary is the only place in whichsuccess comes before work.21ABC=American born Chinese1.America is the country.2.I was born in the country.which.America is the

12、country in whichwhereI was bornBBC=Beijing born ChinesewhereI was born.Beijing is the city in which22why?why可用可用for+which 代替代替1.This is the reason.2.I was late for school for this reasonwhich.This is the reason for which I was whylate for school.23关系关系代词代词和关系和关系副词副词的区别的区别关系关系代词代词在定语从句中在定语从句中作主语、宾语作主

13、语、宾语关系关系副词副词在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语24如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词?1.首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句?2.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词?3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语）?4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定主语、宾语或定语语则选择则选择关系代词关系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状语状语，则选择则选择关系副词关系副词。1、Do you know the man _

14、is talking with your father?A.whose B.who C.which2、The boys _ the teacher talked to are from Class One.A.when B.which C.who3、Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.A.who B.which C.whom由由Who Who 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导的定语从句，在句中做主语 宾语宾语4.The gentleman _ you told me

15、yesterday proved to be a thief.A.who B.about whom C.whom5.The doctor _ you are looking for is in the room.A.whom B.what C.which6.The teacher for _ you are waiting has come.A.who B.whom C.that介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whom由由Whom Whom 引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语7.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan

16、.A.which B.his C.whose 8.This book is for the students _ native(本国的本国的)language is not English.A.that B.of whom C.whose 9.The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.A.who B.whose C.that由由Whose Whose 引导的定语从句引导的定语从句,在句中做定语在句中做定语10、He prefers to eat the rice _ in the south.A

17、.who is grown B.which is grown C.when is grown11、The knife _ I cut the apple with cant be found.A.which B.who C.what that12、The room in _ there are many books is mine.介词提前时只能用介词提前时只能用 whichA.that B.who C.which13、This is the pen _ he bought yesterday.A.which B.who C.when由由Which Which 引导的定语从句，在句中做主语引导

18、的定语从句，在句中做主语 宾语宾语14.All _ is needed is a supply of oil.A.which B.that C.what15.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police.A.which B.what C.that先行词是不定代词先行词是不定代词 all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用只能用that引导引导16.Its the most boring film _ I have ever seen.A.which B.

19、that C.whose17.This is the first car _ arrived this morning.A.which B.who C.that先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时饰时只能用只能用that引导引导18.I know all people _ are from that village.A.who B.that C.whose19.There is no water _ is needed badly.A.which B.who C.that20.Please take any seat _ is free.A.which B.that

20、 C.in which先行词被先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导21.That is the very book _ I was looking for.A.who B.that C.which22.After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing _ he owns.A.who B.that C.which先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last 等修饰时等修饰时只能用只能用that引导引导23.T

21、he speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then.A.who B.that C.which先行词被既有人又有物时先行词被既有人又有物时只能用只能用that引导引导24.Who is the worker _ took some pictures of the factory.A.who B.that C.which主句已有主句已有who或或which时时,只能用只能用that 引导引导1.I have a friend _ likes who/thatlistening to classical music.

22、2.Yesterday Emily was wearing thewhich/thatnew dress _ I gave her.3.The man _ leg broke in awhosematch used to be a football player.which/that4.My parents live in a house_is more than 100 years old.whom5.The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/that6.Kevin is reading a book _is too difficult fo

23、r him.that7.Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.that8.All _ we can do is to study hard.that9.The first one _ stands up is alittle boy.1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.I like the music that I can sing along with.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.The woman who lives next door is a teacher.