定语从句与名词性从句详解异同课件.ppt

1、定语从句与名词性从句详解二二.定语从句的基本知识定语从句的基本知识1.1.定义定义：修饰修饰 限制某一名词或代词的句子为定语从句。一般翻译为限制某一名词或代词的句子为定语从句。一般翻译为:“:“的的”。2.2.先行词先行词：被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。3.3.位置位置：放在被修饰名词或代词的后面。放在被修饰名词或代词的后面。4.4.关系词关系词：定语从句必须有一个关系词引导，定语从句必须有一个关系词引导，关系词分为关系词分为关系代词关系代词和和关系副词关系副词两类，两类，但关系代词作宾语、表语时可以省去。但关系代词作宾语、表语时可以省去。关系词之间的区别请看下面两幅

2、图。图图:关系代词关系代词 在定语从句中主语在定语从句中主语,宾语宾语,表语和定语表语和定语whowhomwhichthataswhose人人人人物物 人人物物人人物物人人物物主主宾宾表表宾宾主主宾宾表表主主宾宾表表主主宾宾表表定定图图：关系副词关系副词 在定语从句中仅作状语在定语从句中仅作状语when wherewhy时间词时间词 地点词地点词原因词原因词时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因状语原因状语注意：注意：一定要在理解的基础上记忆关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中所作的成分。一定要在理解的基础上记忆关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中所作的成分。what what 不能引导定语从句不能引导定语

3、从句,但能引导名词性从句。但能引导名词性从句。that不可引导非限制性定语从句。不可引导非限制性定语从句。被动语态的谓语动词不需要宾语。被动语态的谓语动词不需要宾语。关系代词关系代词thatthat不能作介词的宾语。不能作介词的宾语。三三.定语从句中的重点定语从句中的重点,难点难点,易混点和高考中的考点易混点和高考中的考点1.as 与与 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别引导非限制性定语从句的区别:as 与与 which 引导非限制性定语从句时引导非限制性定语从句时,它们的先行词都可以是整个句子它们的先行词都可以是整个句子,区别区别 在于在于:as 引导的从句位置灵活引导的从句位置灵活,可

4、以放在主句的前可以放在主句的前,中和后中和后,而而 which 引导的从句只引导的从句只 能放在主句之后能放在主句之后.as 常被译为常被译为“正如正如 ”,而而 which 常被译为常被译为“这一点这一点这这”Taiwan is part of China,as is known to all.Mary didnt pass the driving test,which made her very sad.注意注意:as 常用于以下结构常用于以下结构:as+主语主语+see know expect imagine suppose.as be seen known expected imagi

5、ned supposed.as often happens.as has been said before.as is often the case.(1).The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employed more people to keep it running,_ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.(江苏 2006)A.who B.that C.as D.which(2)._ is often the case,we have worke

6、d out the production plan.A.Which B.When C.What D.As (江苏 2004)DD高 考 衔 接3.几个特殊先行词后的定语从句几个特殊先行词后的定语从句:reason 为先行词时为先行词时,如果定语从句中缺少状语如果定语从句中缺少状语,则用则用 why 引导引导,如果缺少主如果缺少主 语语宾语宾语表语表语,则用则用thatwhich 引导。引导。the way 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用thatin which 引导引导,也可以省略也可以省略,如果如果 缺少主语缺少主语宾语宾语表语表语,则用则用

7、thatwhich 引导。引导。situation case point spot scene 为先行词时为先行词时,如果定语从句中缺少状语如果定语从句中缺少状语,则用则用 where 引导。引导。occasion 为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用为先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少状语，则用 when 引导。引导。This is the reason that which he gave.We may be trapped in such a situation where we have no one to turn to.(5).Occasions are quite rare _ I

8、 have the time to spend a day with my kids.(2008 山东)A.who B.which C.why D.when D(4).-Do you have anything to say for yourselves?-Yes,theres one point _ we must insist on.(2006 江西)A.why B.where C.how D.D高 考 衔 接 名词性从句：名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句从句(Noun Clauses）。）。名词性从句的功名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组能相当

9、于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任它在复合句中能担任主主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句。什么叫名词性从句？什么叫名词性从句？what与与that的区别的区别 1.What we cant get seems better than what we have.2.There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling

10、of all to interpret is bodily pain.名词性从句名词性从句 1.Youve got to put yourself in other peoples shoes to figure out _ they care about,so you can respond well.(示范卷示范卷5)A.when B.how C.that D.what 2._ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.(2011北京北京)A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom 3.One reas

11、on for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.(上海上海)A.that B.how C.what D.why名词性从句名词性从句DBAwhether,if和和that的区别的区别1.I dont know whether/if well go camping tomorrow.2.That well go camping tomorrow has been decided.名词性从句名词性从句 1.It is not immediate

12、ly clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over.(上海上海)A.since B.what C.when D.whether 2.Weve offered her the job,but I dont know _ shell accept it.A.that B.what C.whether D.which 3.Weve offered her the job,and I dont doubt _ shell accept it.A.that B.what C.whether D.which名词性从句名词性从句DCA 定语从句与同位语从句的区

13、别定语从句与同位语从句的区别 1.The news that our football team won the match was not true.2.The news that I heard on the radio was not true.名词性从句名词性从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句 1.When the news came _ the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.(辽宁辽宁)A.since B.which C.that D.because 2.Do you still remember the chick

14、en farm _ we visited three months ago?(辽宁辽宁)A.where B.when C.that D.what名词性从句名词性从句CC 定语从句与并列句的区别定语从句与并列句的区别 1.Mr.Li has three daughters,none of whom is an engineer.2.Mr.Li has three daughters,but/and none of them is a dancer.3.Mr.Li has three daughters;none of them is a dancer.名词性从句名词性从句 1.Toms moth

15、er kept telling him that he should work harder,but _ didnt help.A.he B.which C.she D.it 2.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we expected.A.that B.which C.where D.it 3.The man took out a gold watch,_ were covered with some small diamonds.A.the hands of them B.whose the hands C.the

16、 hands of which D.of which hands 名词性从句名词性从句DBC 定语从句、状语从句与强调句的区别定语从句、状语从句与强调句的区别 1.It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty.2.It was not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks that I found we had a lot in common.3.It was in Qingdao where they ma

17、de a date for the first time that the old couple told us their love story.4.Was it at the air battle on June 8,1944,which was led by Captain Johnson,that Peter lost his life?名词性从句名词性从句 1.It was in the small house _ was built with stone by his father _ he spent his childhood.A.which;that B.that;where

18、 C.which;which D.that;which 2.It was _ he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry.(江西江西)A.when;then B.not;until C.not until;that D.only;whenpracticeAC 3.-Where did you get to know her?-It was on the farm _ we worked.(山东山东)A.that B.there C.which D.where 4.-Did you stay up late last night?-Not very late.It was half past eleven _ I went to bed.A.that B.when C.before D.sincepracticeDB