初中英语人教版八年级下册 Unit 6知识点精析.doc

1、八年级英语下册Unit6知识点精析Section A【重点单词】5shoot射击；发射stone石头weak虚弱的；无力的god神；上帝bit一点；小块remind提醒；使想起silly愚蠢的；不明事理的object物体；物品hide 隐藏；隐蔽tail尾巴stick 棍；条magic有魔力的；有神奇力量的excite使激动；使兴奋Western西方国家的；(尤指）欧美的；西方的fit适合；合身couple(尤指）夫妻；两人；两件事情smile笑；微笑marry结婚【重点短语】a little bit有点儿；稍微初中英语人教版instead of代替；反而turn.into变成once upo

2、n a time从前fall in love爱上；喜欢上get married 结婚【重点句型】1.Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away.最后，天帝被愚公感动了，他派了两位神仙移走大山。2.This story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen.这个故事提醒我们你永远不知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。3.The new c

3、ouple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married.这对新婚夫妇如此幸福，以至于当他们结婚的时候，他们总是不停地笑。【知识点精析】1.How Yi Shoots the Suns后昇射日【要点精析】shoot 此处为及物动词，意为“射击；发射”，其过去式和过去分词皆为shot,现在分词为shooting。例：Shoot the arrow at the target.有的放矢。辨析：shoot与shoot atshoot指“射击；发射”，即击中目标，强调结果shoot at 朝某人或某物“射击”，不强

4、调是否射中，强调动作例：My father shot at a bird, but he didnt shoot it.我爸爸朝一只鸟开枪，但他没有射中。2.Finally, a god was so moved by Yu Gong that he sent two gods to take the mountains away.最后，天帝被愚公感动了，他派了两位神仙移走大山。【要点精析】此处so.that.引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于”，此句型中，so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。例：She is so young that she cant look after herself.

5、她如此年轻以至于不能照顾她自己。He was so angry that he couldnt say word.他如此生气以至于说不出一句话来。【链接中考】(四川泸州中考）The movie is _ wonderful_ I want to see it again.A.too; toB.so; that C.as; as D.so; as解析too.to.意为“太而不能”，其中too为副词，可修饰形容词或副词，to为动词不定式符号，其后跟动词原形，而题干第二个空格后为一个完整的句子，故排除A项；so.that.意为“如此以至于”，so后可跟形容词或副词，that引导结果状语从句。句意：这

6、部电影太精彩了，以至于我还想再看一遍。3.This story reminds us that you can never know whats possible unless you try to make it happen.这个故事提醒我们你永远不知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。【要点精析】1remind动词，意为“提醒；使想起”，其常用结构有：remind sb.that.提醒某人remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事remind sb.of sth./sb.使某人想起某事某人例：He reminds me that it is necessary to take

7、 some money with me.他提醒我有必要随身带些钱。My parents often remind me to study hard.我父母经常提醒我努力学习。The photo reminds me of my English teacher.这张照片使我想起了我的英语老师。【要点精析】2unless连词，意为“如果不；除非”。unless引导条件状语从句，含有否定意义，相当于if.not.例：I cant leave her unless Im sure that shes all right.除非我确定她没事，否则我不能离开她。I shall go there tomorr

8、ow unless Im too busy.(=if Im not too busy, shall go there tomorrow.)如果我明天不太忙，我将去那儿。小贴士unless引导的从句通常放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前。当主句用一般将来时或是祈使句时，从句用一般现在时。4.It doesnt seem very possible to move a mountain.移动一座山似乎不太可能。【要点精析】seem 此处作连系动词，意为“似乎；好像”，后跟形容词作表语。可以和 seem to be相互转换，但seem不用于进行时态。例：He seems very angry.=He

9、seems to be very angry.他好像非常生气。【知识拓展】seem的其他用法：（1）“主语+seem(+to be)+表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，以说明主语的特征或状态。例：Mr.Black seemed to be quite happy.布莱克先生好像十分快乐。（2）”主语+seem+动词不定式“，此句型中，seem与动词不定式一起构成谓语。例：Mrs.Green doesnt seem to like the idea.格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。（3）“It seems/seemed+that从句”，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句。例：It seems t

10、hat no one knows what has happened in the park.似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。5.But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard!但是这个故事试图告诉我们，如果你努力，一切皆有可能！【要点精析】possible 形容词，意为“可能的”，其反义词为 impossible,意为“不可能的”。例：Ill do everything possible to help you.我将尽一切可能来帮助你。Its possible that he wi

11、ll not accept the invitation.他不接受邀请是有可能的。【知识拓展】possible 常用于以下结构中：It is possible(for.)to do sth.例：It is possible for the train to be late.火车有可能晚点。It is possible+that从句.例：It is possible that the train is late.火车有可能晚点。6.But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains?但是不把山移开，愚公还能做什么呢？【要点精析】in

12、stead of为介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面常跟名词、代词或动名词。例：She went to school instead of staying home.她没有待在家里而是去上学了。You probably picked up my keys instead of yours.你可能拿了我的钥匙而不是你的。辨析：instead of与insteadinstead of“代替，而不是”，介词短语，后面跟名词、代词或动名词instead“代替；反而；却”，作副词，修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末例：Lets play chess instead of watching TV.咱们下国际象

13、棋吧，不看电视了。If Tom cant attend the meeting, I could go instead.如果汤姆不能出席会议，我可以代替他去。7.You have different opinions about the story, and neither of you are wrong.你们对于这个故事持有不同的观点，并且你们两个都没有错。【要点精析】neither of意为“两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式，但在口语中，也可用复数。例：Neither of the cars was/were damaged.两辆车都没有受损。8.This is because

14、 he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.这是因为他有72种外形和大小的变化，会把自己变成不同的动物和物体。【要点精析】1This is because.意为“这是因为”后面跟的是原因或理由。例：He failed in the exam.This is because he did not study hard.他考试不及格。这是因为他没有努力学习。【知识拓展】This is why.意为“这就是为什么”，后面跟的是结果。例：Tom ove

15、rslept this morning.This is why he was late for school.汤姆今天早上睡过头了。这就是他上学迟到的原因。【要点精析】2turn.into.为固定短语，意为“把变成”。例：The witch had turned them all into stone.女巫把他们都变成了石头。9.But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into man.但除非他可以隐藏他的尾巴，否则他不能变成人。【要点精析】hide (hid, hidden, hiding)此处用作及物动词，意为“隐藏”

16、。例：She hid her money under the bed.她把她的钱藏在床底下。【知识拓展】hide还可以用作不及物动词，意为“隐藏；隐蔽”。例：The boy hid behind the desk when they played game.当他们做游戏时，这个男孩儿藏在了书桌后面。10.And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago,Western children became interested in reading this story.30多年前，这个电视节目一经推出，西方的孩子就对这个故事

17、很感兴趣.【要点精析】1come out意为“出版；发行”，不及物动词词组，没有被动语态。例：That magazine comes out every Monday.那份杂志每周一出版。His new book will come out next month.他的新书将在下个月出版。【知识拓展】come out还有其他常见的含义：出来；出现例：The stars came out as soon as it was dark.天一黑星星就出来了。开花；发芽例：Some flowers have begun to come out.有些花儿现在已经开始开花了。泄露，被人所知；公之于世；(真相

18、）大白例：The truth has come out at last.真相终于大白。【链接中考】(天津中考）The book wont _ until the end of the year.A. come out B.come over C.come true D.come on解析come out“出版”；come over“过来，顺便拜访”；come true“实现”；come on“加油儿，快点儿”。根据句意“这本书直到年底才会出版”可知A项符合题意。【要点精析】2more than意为“多于；超出”，相当于over;其反义短语为less than“少于，不到”。例：I have k

19、nown David for more than 20 years.我已经认识戴维20多年了。【要点精析】3western 此处用作形容词，意为“西方的；西方国家的；(尤指）欧美的”。可以小写。表示方位的名词，后面加ern可构成形容词。例：west(西方）western, south(南方）southerneast(东方）eastern, north(北方）northern。11.The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married.这对新婚夫妇如此幸福，以至于当他们结婚的时候，他们总

20、是不停地笑。【要点精析】1cant stop doing sth.意为“忍不住/情不自禁做某事”。例：The children couldnt stop opening the presents.孩子们忍不住打开了礼物。【要点精析】2get married 意为“结婚”。 get married to sb.意为“与某人结婚”。例：Have you got married?你结婚了吗？He wants to get married to a teacher.他想和一位老师结婚。【知识拓展】get married 强调结婚的行为，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。例：They got married

21、 in Beijing.他们在北京结的婚。be married(to sb.)(不能用 with sb.)表示已婚的状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。例：She has been married to him for five years.她嫁给他已经有5年了。Section B【重点单词】gold 金子；金币；金色的silk 丝绸；丝织物nobody没有人；小人物stupid愚蠢的cheat欺骗；蒙骗；骗子wife妻子；太太husband丈夫whole全部的；整体的shine发光；照耀bright光亮的；明亮的；光线充足的ground地；地面lead带路；领路voice声音brave勇敢的

22、；无畏的【重点短语】make a plan制订一个计划find out找到lead sb.to someplace带领某人去某地show sb.sth.向某人展示某物【重点句型】1.What long time you slept in the forest!你们在森林里睡了那么久！2.Unless we do, we wont find our way out.除非我们这样做，否则我们找不到出去的路。3.Its leading us to that wonderful house made of bread, cake and candy.它在把我们引向那座由面包、蛋糕和糖果做成的美妙房屋。

23、【知识点精析】1.Nobody wanted to sound stupid.没有人想（让自己）听起来愚蠢。【要点精析】1nobody用作不定代词，意为“没有人”，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例：Nobody comes to school on Sunday.星期天没人来上学。I knocked at the door but nobody answered.我敲了敲门，但没人来开。【链接中考】(江苏苏州中考）A robot show will be held in July, but _ knows the date for sure.A.nobody B.everybody C

24、.anybody D.somebody解析nobody没有人;everybody每人，人人;anybody任何人;somebody“某人”。根据上文“七月份将举办一场机器人展”和表转折的连词but及空格后的the date for sure可知，此处表示“没有人”确切地知道日期。选A。【要点精析】2sound 此处作连系动词，意为“听起来”，其后通常跟形容词作表语。常见短语 sound like“听起来像”后跟名词。例：The music sounds very pleasing to the ear.这音乐听起来十分悦耳。【歌诀巧记】一是一感一保持，起来四个好像变了仁说明：“是”be;“感”

25、feel;“保持”keep;“起来四”是指look(看起来）,sound(听起来）,taste(尝起来）,smell(闻起来）;“好像”是指“seem”；“变了”是指get, turn和become。【链接中考】(福建中考）-Do you enjoy Chinese Folk Songs?-Yes, the folk songs_ nice.A.sound B.smell C.look解析sound意为“听起来”；smell意为“闻起来”；look意为“看起来”。根据空格所在句主语 the folk songs(这些民歌）可知此处A项符合题意。句意：“你喜欢中国民歌吗？”“是的，这些民歌听起来

26、不错。”选A。2.The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die.妻子告诉丈夫除非让孩子们都死在森林，否则全家都得饿死。【要点精析】whole 此处作形容词，意为“全部的，所有的”，常用结构为“限定词+whole+名词”。例：He worked the whole night.他工作了整整一个晚上。辨析：whole与allwhole 常修饰单数可数名词,位于冠词、单数物主代词或所有格之后all修饰不可数名词或复数可数名词，位于定

27、冠词the、物主代词或所有格之前例：The whole house was burning.整个房屋都在燃烧。All the children enjoyed themselves.所有的孩子都玩得很开心。3.Gretel heard this, and Hansel made a plan to save himself and his sister.葛雷特听到了这件事，韩塞尔制订了一个计划，来拯救自己和他的妹妹。【要点精析】1make a plan意为“制订一个计划”；make a plan to do sth.“计划去做某事”。例：We make a plan to have a pic

28、nic this Saturday.这个星期六我们计划去野餐。【知识拓展】plan作动词，意为“计划，打算”。常见短语 plan to do sth.意为“计划/打算做某事”。例：I plan to plant some vegetables in the garden.我计划在花园里种一些蔬菜。【要点精析】2save 此处作及物动词，意为“拯救，挽救”。例：He saved the child from drowning.他救起了那个溺水儿童。She was determined to save her marriage.她决定挽救自己的婚姻。【知识拓展】save 的其他含义：节约，节省例：

29、We should save the water.我们应该节约用水。积攒，储蓄例：She wants to save some money to buy a computer.她想攒一些钱去买一台电脑。贮存，保存例：Save and close the document.保存并关闭文档。爱护，爱惜例：Lets save our nature.让我们爱护我们的自然。4.What long time you slept in the forest!你们在森林里睡了那么久！【要点精析】此句为what引导的感叹句，其结构为：What+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词（+主语+谓语）!例：What a c

30、lever girl!多么聪明的一个女孩儿！What a fine day it is!天气多好啊！【知识拓展】感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子，感叹句通常由what或how引导。其常用结构为：What What+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词（+主语+谓语）!What+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）!How，How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）!How+形容词+a(n)+单数可数名词（+主语+谓语）!小贴士what引导的感叹句与how引导的感叹句有时可以转换。例：What nice flowers these are!=How nice these

31、flowers are!这些花儿多么漂亮啊！【歌诀巧记】感叹句的用法感叹句并不难，what,how放句前；what a(n)形加名，不可数、复数a(n)去；形容、副词在how后，莫忘叹号在句末。【链接中考】(江苏连云港中考）-What program is so attractive?-The guard of honor(仪仗队） of the PLA are taking part in the parade on Red Square.-_ exciting event!A.How a B.What an C.How an D.What a解析由空格所在句末的感叹号及选项可知此句为感叹句

32、。英语中感叹句一般由how或what引导。how用来感叹形容词或副词，故排除A、C两项；a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，an用在以元音音素开头的词前，而exciting是以元音音素开头的词，应用an,故选B。5.Ill drop pieces bread.我将扔一些面包屑。【要点精析】piece可数名词，意为“张，件，片”等，其复数形式为pieces。a piece of.表示“一张/一件/一片/一首/一条”，常用来修饰不可数名词，表达数量。例：a piece of bread一片面包a piece of news一则新闻a piece of paper一张纸a piece of cake一块蛋糕

33、小贴士two/three pieces of+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。6.Maybe it was the birds.可能是鸟儿（吃了）。【要点精析】maybe 此处作副词，意为“也许，可能”，在句中作状语，相当于perhaps,常位于句首。例：Maybe shell come this afternoon.她可能今天下午来。Maybe you put the letter in your pocket.大概你把信放在你的口袋里了。【知识拓展】may be中，may是情态动词，be是动词原形，两者构成完整的谓语形式，意为“也许是，可能是”。例：I cant find my

34、watch.It may be in your pocket.我找不到我的手表了。它可能在你的口袋里。maybe和may be可以相互转换。例：She may be angry.=Maybe she is angry.她可能生气了。7.Unless we do, we wont find our way out.除非我们这样做，否则我们找不到出去的路。【要点精析】find out意为“找到，发现，查明”。例：Please find out when the first class begins.请查查第一节课什么时候开始。辨析：find out, look for与findfind out表示

35、通过调查或观察、询问等“弄清楚，查明”，其宾语常常是某个情况、事实look for意为“寻找”，指有目的地找，强调寻找这一动作find意为“找到，发现”，强调“找”的结果，其宾语常常为丢失的物或人8.Its leading us to that wonderful house made of bread, cake and candy.它在把我们引向那座由面包、蛋糕和糖果做成的美妙房屋。【要点精析】1lead 此处作及物动词，意为“带路，领路，指引”。常用短语 lead sb.to someplace意为“带领某人去某地”。例：The road leads you to the station

36、.这条路把你引向车站。A nurse took her arm and led her to a chair.一个护士扶着她并把她引领到椅子【要点精析】2made of.意为“由制成”。made此处为make的过去分词，made of bread, cake and candy 作 house的后置定语。例：This salad is made of apples and strawberries.这种沙拉是由苹果和草莓做成的。辨析：be made of与be made frombe made of“由制成”，指从制成品上能够看出原材料，或制作过程中发生的是物理变化be made from“由

37、制成”，指从制成品上一般看不出原材料，或制作过程中发生的是化学变化例：The table is made of wood.这张桌子是用木头做成的。The paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。9.Then they hear an old womans voice from inside the house.随后，他们听到一个老妇人的声音从房子里面传出来。【要点精析】voice 此处作名词，意为“声音，噪音”。in a low/loud voice意为“低声/大声地”。例：We talked in a low voice so that we shouldnt wa

38、ke the baby up.我们小声说话以免吵醒婴儿。辨析：voice, sound与noisevoice一般指人的声音，如说话、唱歌的声音。voice除了有时可指鸟儿的声音外，很少表示动物的声音sound泛指自然界的各种声音noise意为“噪音，喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声例：The boy has a beautiful voice.那个男孩儿嗓音很美。Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。Dont make any noise!别吵闹！【助记】sound 声音noise 噪音voice 噪音10.The stones showed them the way home.石头指引着他们回家的路。【要点精析】show 此处作及物动词，意为“展示；显示；给看”。常用短语 show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.,意为“向某人展示某物”。例：Can you show me your English book?=Can you show your English book to me?把你的英语书给我看看好吗？