高考英语书面表达材料写作精要及高中英语写作范文100篇.doc

1、高考英语书面表达材料写作精要一 日 记 日记是用来叙述一天生活中发生的有意义事件的文体，特别是那些具有教育意义或值得今后回忆、查阅或参考的事情。日记的素材应是最有趣或最有感受的一些事情。通常用用记叙文或简单的议论文体裁。字数不宜过多。 格式：一般是在左上角记上当天的日期(年、月、日)，星期；右上角写上当天的天气情况。下面一行可以写上日记小标题，也可以不写标题。 时态：日记记叙的时间，通常是在当天的下午或是晚上，特殊情况下也可以第二天补记。因此，所用的时态多为过去时态。但应灵活掌握；如记叙天气、描写景色，或为了描写生动，议论某事、对话引语等，也可使用现在时。 类型：日记可分记事、议论、描写及抒情

2、等。记事型是用英语记述当天自己生活、学习中发生的事情。议论型是对生活中的某一事情或情况、现象谈自己的看法，发表议论。描写型、抒情型，则是对某人物、事物的特征做细致的描述，或针对某事物抒发自己的感情。 (2)日记一般按事情发生的先后顺序记述，所以有时需要借助一些表示先后顺序的词语。如：at first, then, later on , afterwards, soon, finally, at last 等。 范文 April 9th, Sunday Fine It is Sunday today. I didnt get up as early as usual. In the mornin

3、g after I finished my homework, I did some washing. Then I called Wu Gang and invited him to see the film “Lion King”. But unfortunately when we got to the cinema at two oclock in the afternoon, we found all the tickets had been sold out. Then we went back to school to play table tennis. After this

4、when we were about to go home, we saw our English teacher Ms Liu at the school gate. She told us that we had made great progress in English this term. She suggested that we should do more reading and listening. We promised her that we would take her advice. 二 书 信 书信格式 一般格式 英文书信的构成可分为7个部分： 信头(Heading

5、) 日期(Date) 收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address) 称呼(Salutation) 信文(Body of the letter) 结束语(Complimentary close ) 署名(Signature) (1)信头(Heading) 信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址。一般情况下发信人只需把自己的地址写(打字，手写均可)在信的右上角，离开信纸的顶头约1英寸，占二三行或四行均可，格式如下： 齐头式 256 West Nanjing Street Nanchang, Jiangxi Province China 缩进式 Henan Road Shanghai

6、China 注意：写地址的次序与中文不同，应先写门牌号码街道，然后城市和国名。写地址时间采用齐 头或缩进式，以及每行后要不要加标点符号，都没有固定的规定，如写给经常往来的亲 友，这项地址也可以省略。 (2) 日期(Date) 写日期注意下列各点： 年份应写全。例如不能用“99”来代替“1999”; 月份应写英文名称，除May, July外，可用缩写，如：Sep., Oct.。但不要用数字来代替，如7/4/99或7，4，99，因为在英国此日期代表7th April, 1999, 而美国则代表4th July, 1999。 日期可用1，2，3，411，1221，2231等，也可用1st, 2nd,

7、 3rd, 4th 11th, 21st22 nd, 31 st等。 日期的几种写法： a: July 7, 1998 b. 1st October, 1998 c. 30 Nov., 1997 d. Sep. 3 rd, 1999 特别注意英文书信日期应紧着写信人地址下一行，不能像写中文书信那样写在书信签名之后，这是很多学生的常见错误。 精选范文 POBox 2089 Beijing, China Sep. 7th. 1999 86 Bright Road Manchester England 12 Mar, 1999 (3) 收信人姓名及地址(inside Name and Address

8、) 写信人的地址和日期写好以后，接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址，一般的事务信件或给较生疏的朋友的信件要写，而在给较熟的朋友的信中则可省去。这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收信人姓名写一行，收信人地址可分两行或三行写，和写信人的地址一样，上下可取齐，也可向右缩进。在姓名前一般要加上称号，称号因人而异。 对普通男子用Mr.; 对未婚女子用Miss; 对已婚女子用Mrs., 对婚姻状况不明确的通常用Ms(后跟本人姓)； 对教授或博士(医生)用Prof. 或Dr. 精选范文 66 Smith Street Manchester England 27 May 1999 Mr. Jee Green West

9、Tenth Street Hawaii U.S.A. (4) 称呼(Salutation) 称呼指的是信文开头的那种称呼，如Dear, Mr., uncle, 各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后面一般是用逗号，但也有用冒号的。现归纳如下： 对父母、兄弟、姐妹等； a. Dear Father, b. My dear Mother, c. Dear Sister, d. Dear Tom, 对亲戚： a. My dear Auntie. b. Dear Cousin, c. My dear Cousin, 对朋友、同学 a. My dear friend, b. Dear Mr. Jackson, c.

10、 My dear Mr. Jackson, 对未婚女子： a. Dear Miss Luce, b. My dear Miss Luce, 对一般妇女，不论是否结婚： a. Ms. b. Dear Madame, 对已婚生子： a. Dear Mrs. Helen Jackson, b. My dear Mrs. Helen Jackson, 对公司、工厂、学校等： a. Dear Sirs, b. Sirs, c. Gentlemen, (5) 信文(Body of the letter) 信文是信件的主体部分，也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词

11、平齐。也有往后退四个或八字个字的。下面介绍一些开头语和结尾语。 开头语 相当于中文的“敬启者”。 a. I beg to inform you that b. I beg to take this opportunity to inform you that c. I have the honor to address you that d. I write in a hurry to inform you that e. I have the pleasure to tell you that f. Im very much delighted to inform you that 相当于中

12、文的“接读某月某日来信，一切知悉”。 a. I thank you very much for your letter of May 20th b. Your letter of May 20th has been received with thanks. c. It gives me great pleasure to receive your kind letter of May 20th. d. In answer to your kind letter of May 20th, deeply regret that e. I have received your kind lette

13、r of May 20th. f. Words cant express my delight on finding your favor of yesterday on my desk this morning. g. Your letter dated May 20th has been received 结尾语 采用三种方法： 采用分词短语：句末用逗号，不用句号。例如： a. Waiting for your good news, b. Looking forward to your early reply, c. Hoping to hear from you soon, d. Hop

14、ing you are enjoying good health, e. Regretting that I cant give you a more favorite reply, f. Regretting the trouble Im causing you, g. Wishing you every success, h. Wishing you a pleasant journey, i. Wishing you a happy New Year, 采用介词短语，句末用逗号，不用句号。例如： a. With best regards, b. With kind regards to

15、your family, c. With best wishes to you and yours, d. With best wishes for your success and happiness, e. With best wishes for your success in your new field of work, f. With best regards and wishing you all success, g. With warmest regards, h, With best regards to you and your family, i. With the s

16、easons greetings, 采用完整句子：句末用句号。例如： a. We are waiting for your good news. b. I hope to receive your early reply. c. We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. d. I thank you very much for your services, and wish your continued success. (6)结束语(Complimentary Close) 结束语的一般写法如下： Yours fa

17、ithfully, Yours truly, Truly yours, Sincerely yours, 公函常用： Faithfully yours, Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours, Yours sincerely, 私人书信常用： Sincerely yours, Yours very sincerely, Yours affectionately, Yours ever, 给亲戚朋友的信常用： Love, All my love, Your(ever) loving son/daughter/cousin, etc. Your affect

18、ionate nephew, Yours lovingly, Lovingly yours, (7)署名(Signature) 下面是署名的例子： 个人署名： Yours truly, W. J. Watson 公司署名： Yours faithfully, Legend Computer Company Wang Lin Sales Manager 精选范文 生日贺信 Dear Bob, Tomorrow is your birthday. I imagine your family is planning a celebration for you. I write this letter

19、 to offer you my heartiest congratulations and best wishes for many returns of the day. With my sincere wishes for your success, 圣诞节及新年贺信 Dear Mary and Helen, A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to you! Allow me to offer you Season Greetings. May the New Year will bring you a bright and prosperou

20、s (繁荣) future. My families who are well and happy, join me in my good wishes. Yours very sincerely, Barbara 感谢信 Dear Sir, With feelings of deep gratitude I address you to give my thanks for your noble and generous efforts by which my son was saved from the lake. Surely, if it had not been for your h

21、elp, my son would not be alive now. I shall be most happy to have a chance of serving you in return. I extend you again a thousand thanks for the great favor. Yours faithfully, Wang Bing 请求帮助信 Dear Harry, I expect to leave Shanghai for Nanjing next Monday and intend to stay there for a month or so.

22、You told me you had been there for a long time and knew a lot of people. I, therefore, shall thank you if you will kindly let me have one or two letters of introduction to them as I am an entire stranger in that place. 申请信(申请作为研究助理) Dear Sir, Im a graduate student in the Physics Department of Qinghu

23、a University. Recently I read that you are hiring an assistant to do research on solar physics. As you can see from my resume (简历)，I have had experience in this field. Im very interested in your project and hope to work with you. My telephone number is 83745102. Thank you for your consideration. I a

24、m looking forward to hearing from you soon. 道歉信 范文 256 Weeton road Hong Kong 7 th June, 2000 Dear David, I am very sorry that I could not meet you last night. I hope that you did not wait too long outside the New York Theatre. I had to look after my small brother until my mother returned home. She s

25、pent a long time at the doctors and she arrived home very late. I am all the way to the bus stop, but I had already missed the bus. And so I decided to get on a train and I arrived at the New York Theatre at eight oclock. I didnt think that you would still be there because It was three quarters of a

26、n hour late. I do hope that you will forgive me. Anyway, how about next Friday? Love, Sue 这类信件一般包括三个部分：1)道歉(apology) 2) 叙述原因或问题(reason/problem) 3)后果及解决办法(consequence + offer of solution)。 范文是比较典型的致歉信。Sue首先在信的开头向David 为昨晚未能按时到剧院见他表示道歉。然后叙述昨天未能准时到剧院的原因，结果晚8点才赶到剧院，迟到了45分钟。Sue 以为David已经走了，没有见到他，最后一句“How

27、 about next Friday?”提出下周五再见面的解决办法。 三 启事 1遗失启事以Lost作为标题放在启事的上方正中。在Lost 的右下角处写出遗失启事的时间。 启事的正文包括遗失物品，遗失的时间、地点，若有人发现遗失物品送交的人、地点。启事 正文右下角写上失主的姓名，Loser 可写可不写。 2招领启事以Found作为标题放在启事上方正中。在found的右下角处写上招领启事的时间。 启事的正文包括招领的物品。拾到物品的时间及丢失者去认领失物的地点。启事正文的右下 角写上登这一启事的单位。 遗失启事 Lost September 1, 2000 I was careless and

28、lost a green school bag in the dining-hall on the morning of 21 st of August. Inside were an English textbook, a workbook, a dictionary and a key to my bike. Will the finder please send it either to the monitor of Class 3, Senior Grade 3 or to myself? Many thanks to the finder. Our classroom is in R

29、oom 303, Building 2. Zhao Meng (Loser) 失物招领启事 Found June 8th, 2000 A wallet was found yesterday afternoon, inside of which there is some money and other things. The loser is expected to come to the Office of Senior Grade 2 to identify it. The Office of Senior Grade 2 四 通知 通知是一种常用应用文体，用来把有关事情告知特定的读者或

30、听众。通知的正文就是通告的内容，这是主体部分，包括通告的对象、事由、时间、地点等。它分为书面通知和口头通知两种，这两种通知在格式上有较大差别。书面通知的常见形式有一般通知、布告、海报等。它们一般张贴在布告栏或黑板上。通知的正文上方有Notice (或全部大写NOTICE)或Announcement (或全部大写ANNOUNCEMENT) 为题目。以海报形式出现时，通知常以海报内容为题，如Lecture, Football Match等。当然题目中还可以出现发通知的单位，如Student Union Notice, English Department Announcement，通知题目要求居中

31、打印、书写，有时为了强调，甚至可以以粗体形式出现。书面通知一定要有发通知时间及落款。出通知的时间一般写在通知正文的下方左角，落款于右下角，当然时间及落款也可都写右下角。书面通知的正文一般用第三人称来写。时间、地点、参加者、内容、注意事项是通知的要点，应直截了当地一一予以说明。我们既可以用包容量较大的长句，也可以用简明的短语，前者正式，后者易懂易记。在正文中切忌添枝加叶的评论。一般情况下通知以段落形式出现，海报则按信息分行居中书写或打印。 口头通知一般不用写题目，也不必有出通知的时间。发布口头通知首先说明被通知的对象，在正文前面有呼语且顶左格写，如：Ladies and gentlemen, B

32、oys and girls 等等。为了引正听者的注意，需另起行不顶格写一些引人注意的话，如：Be quiet, please! May I have your attention? Attention, please! 等。口头通知要口头发布，因而可以用较随意口语体，如：Ill, Ive等。口头通知在结束时要有结束语，这是因为口头通知需要用一些语言表明通知的起止，如用Thats all. 表示通知到此为止宣布完毕。另外结尾处还需要一些如Thank you. 一样的客套语。口头通知的一些常用的开头语和结束语。 开头语 Be quiet, please! Attention, please! Li

33、sten, please. A Please be quiet, everyone. Please stop talking over there! May I have your attention, please! Please be quiet, everyone, There is something I have to tell you. B Be quiet, please. There is something you need to know. Listen, please. There is going to be 结束语 Any questions? Does everyo

34、ne understand? Thats all. Thank you. 不论是口头通知还是书面通知都是宣布即将发生的事情及其具体内容，因而多用将来时态，其中往往有一些注意事项，一般用祈使句来强调。通知的语言要简洁明了，条理清晰，要求精确，特别是时间概念很重要，必须写得十分明确，不容丝毫含糊。 会议通知 题 材 你班决定在下周三(5月15日)下午3：30在你班教室召开会议，讨论如何学习英语。目前在 西北轻工业学院任教的史密斯教授将应邀在会上讲话。今天是5月11日。请你写一个通知，要求大家准时参加。 词数：70左右。 范 文 A Meeting to Be Held Notice A meeti

35、ng to discuss how to learn English is to be held in our classroom on next Wednesday May 15th, 1999, at 3:30 p.m. The discussion is very interesting. At the end of the meeting, Professor Smith working at the Northwest Institute of Light Industry will give us some useful advice. All the students of ou

36、r class are expected to be present on time. May 11, 1996 Class 1, Grade 3 庐山郊游通知 题 材 假如你是高三(2)班班长，你班要在5月4日即下星期六去庐山郊游。请你拟一份通知，准备向同学们宣读。内容包括： 1、郊游日期：5月4日，下星期六； 2、主要内容：攀登比赛、摄影等； 3、早餐后8点坐校车出发，午餐自带，下午3点回校； 4、欢迎全体同学参加。凡参加者先登记并交给班长5元钱。 注意：通知词数约70120。要求意思连贯。 范 文 An Outing to Lushan An Announcement Class, pl

37、ease be quiet. I am glad to tell you that we have decided to have an outing to Lushan next Saturday, May 4th. The expense is about five yuan. Those who wish to go should put down the names on this piece of paper and give the money to me. We will go by school bus which is to start after breakfast at

38、8:00 a. m. and come back to school at 3:00 p.m. Remember to bring your lunch with you. Well have a contest of climbing the hill and take photos there. All the students are welcome. Thats all. Thank you. Monitor Class 2 of Senior Grade 3 某中学将有一位美国教授布菜克博士来访，该教授将给师生们作一次报告，介绍美国的教育情况。学校要求同学们在星期三下午2：30准时到

39、105大教室参加报告会，并带上笔记本，以便会后讨论。请你根据上面要点，用英语写一通知。(字数：80左右) 参考词语 美国教授American professor 有关教育的报告a report on education 作笔记to take notes 讨论to have a discussion Notice An American professor, Dr Black will visit our school this Wednesday afternoon. He will give us a report on the education in America. Everyone

40、is supposed to be in Room 105, the big classroom exactly at 2:30 p.m. Wednesday. Please bring your notebooks with you and take notes while listening to the lecture, so that we can have a discussion about it after it is over. 假如你是班长，通知你班同学本周星期六晚上7：30在本班教室举行一次英语晚会，节目有唱歌、朗诵、讲故事、话剧等，要求本班同学都参加，欢迎外班同学光临，请

41、同学们作好准备。(字数：80左右) 参考词语 朗诵recitation 节目programme (或program) 欢迎to be welcomed 表演 to perform Fellow students, attention, please.I have some good news to tell you. Were going to have an English evening, in our classroom at 7:30 on Saturday evening. The programme inclides songs, recitations, storytelling

42、 and short plays. Everyone in our clas must take part in it and students form other classed are also welcome. Everone who takes part in the party should perform once. Thats all. Thank you. 五 便条 便条多用于较熟的亲友、同事之间，以代替一般的私人书信及公务书信,因此便条除具有书信的一般特征外，还有某些特殊性： （1）临时性和紧迫性。便条多是临时性的通知、询问，内容大多有较紧迫的时间限制，比如通知当事人立即给

43、某处回电话，通知医生即刻出诊等等。所以，便条大多是匆忙写在纸条上托人转交或留在某处。 （2）非正式性。便条所写的基本都是可以公开的普通事宜，而且内容大都非常简单，几句话就可以说清楚，不必采用非常的书信形式，也不用缄口。 由于便条的以上两个特征，便条在形式上具有以下特点： （1）简化书信格式。便条既不用信封，不写收信人与发信人地址，也不写结尾问候语。不详细写明年月日，而只写星期，或日月。由于时间大多发生在一两天内，常常要写明上、下午或钟点。日期可写于正文右上角或末尾署名之下，没有很严格的限制。 （2）简化称呼及签署。便条多用于相熟的朋友、同事或家人之间，称呼用语应亲切、随便，不可过于正式。如可用

44、Mary, Dear Johnson等等。署名也可以只写姓或只写名。因为即使公务便条，也多用于同一部门，大家相互熟悉，笔迹也容易认读。 （3）语言通俗而口语化。便条形式随便，语言也应通俗。要尽量避免用大词和过分正式的句子。如尽量用：“Just a line to tell you that”而不用“This is to inform you that”，用“put off ”而不用“postpone”。句子的结构尽量简单。 例如： 你到一个叫李英的同学家，通知他一件事，碰巧他不在家，你给他留了张便条，内容如下： a. 明天的课将推迟到本星期六下午2点，因为明天你要参加劳动植树，上午7点在校门口

45、集合出发。 b.前天你把雨伞落在他家房子的前门外，请他明天上课时替你带来。 8.10 Aug.10 Li Ying, Tomorrows class will be put off to Saturday. Instead, well take part in the labourplant trees. Well gather at the school gate and start off at 7:00 a.m. I left my umbrella at the front door of your house the day before yesterday. Please brin

46、g it to me when you come to school tomorrow. Thank you very much. Yours, Wei Ping 六 介绍地点 介绍地点，有四项基本要求：一是抓住此处所的基本特征；二是要遵循一定的顺序，使文章条理清楚，中心突出；三是要运用恰当的方法进行说明；最后是语言要做到准确无误。 介绍地点，目的是让人明白无误地了解它，并且给人留下深刻印象。因此写作时首先抓住事物的特征，即一事物区别于其他事物的标志。我们可描绘的地点多得不胜枚举，诸如village(乡村)，city(城市)，school(学校)，library(图书馆)，factory (工

47、厂)等，它们各有其特点。所以在介绍地点时，要抓住其基本特征，加以客观地说明、描述，使读者在短时间内获得足够的信息。 要把一个地点介绍清楚，必须言之有序，富有条理。所谓“言之有序”，即要符合人们认识事物、欣赏事物的习惯。有的适宜按空间顺序，一般为由上至下或由下至上，由远及近或由近及远，顺时针方向或逆时针方向等来介绍；有的宜按逻辑顺序，由概括到具体、由理想到本质、由主要到次要、由整体到部分等来说明；还有的可按时间顺序来介绍，但第三类较少动用。有的还可采用多种顺序来说明，但初学者以一种顺序为好。 运用恰当的方法可以把处所说明得更为具体、明确。常见的方法有列数字、做比较、打比方、举例子、引资料等。不过，这类文章最容易写得呆板单调，缺乏生气，让人读起来感到乏味。所以除上述几种方法外，适当地运用描写，可增加文章的文采，使所写内容打动读者，达到最佳的表达效果。例如下面一段文字：The village where I was born