新目标英语九年级第一单元讲义及测试题(DOC 18页).doc

1、Unit 1 How can we become good learners单元知识点归纳掌握本单元33个单词、49个常用短语、17个重点句子、12个常考点。by介词的功能及by短语的划线提问以及if、unless等引导的状语从句 ，what引导的宾语从句，whether 引导的主语从句 ，that引导的定语从句 重点短语1. by doing sth2. by working with a group通过同小组一起学习3. by making word cards通过制作单词卡片4. by listening to tapes通过听录音磁带5. by asking sb for help通过

2、向某人求助6. by watching videos/ English programs通过看录像/英文节目7. by listening to a tape and repeating out loud通过听录音和大声重复朗读8. by having conversations with friends通过和朋友一起会话9. by taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot通过记笔记、做大量的练习和阅读10. by writing e-mails to my pen pals通过给笔友写电子邮件11. by reading books an

3、d newspapers 通过读书看报12. by speaking English with my classmates 通过和同学讲英语13. by memorizing sentence patterns 通过记句型14. by doing grammar exercises 通过做语法练习15. by reading English books/magazines. 通过阅读英文书籍和杂志16. by writing in an English diary 通过写英文日记17. by using an English dictionary 通过用英语字典18. have convers

4、ations with sb同某人谈话19. too.to.太.而不能.-sothat/ enough to do sth 的转换20. give a report作报告21. at first起初22. word by word逐词逐句地23. the secret to language learning 学习语言的秘诀24. be afraid to do sth害怕做某事=be afraid that+宾语从句be afraid of sth / doing sth 害怕25. an English movie called Toy Story一部名叫玩具故事的英文电影26. fall

5、 in love with爱上.27. body language肢体语言28. as well也=too ；as well as 如同、和，连接主语时如同with（主谓一致要看前一主语，不能相加）29. a piece of cake小菜一碟；很容易的事30. It serves you right.活该，自作自受31. look up查阅；查找（主考点）32. so that以便；为了33. repeat out loud大声跟读34. sentence patterns句型35. spoken English英语口语36. make mistakes in doing sth 在.方面犯

6、错 by mistake 错误地 mistake for 把误认为37. the ability to do sth做某事的能力38. depend on视.而定；取决于；依靠39. pay attention to注意；关注40. connect.with. 把.和.连接或联系起来41. get bored感到厌烦42. try to do sth尽力做某事43. be stressed out焦虑不安的44. even if 即使45. think about 考虑；think of 想起；think over仔细考虑46. learn from 向学习47. something new

7、/ interesting 新事物/有趣的东西48. be born with 天生具有49. Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧重点句子必背1.The teacher spoke so quickly that I did not understand her most of the time.老师讲的如此快以致大部分时间我都理解不了她讲的。（sothat引导的结果状语从句）2. Although I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expre

8、ssions on their faces helped me to get the meaning. 虽然我不能领会影片中人物所说的一切，但是他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情有助于我理解含义。（although 引导的让步状语从句，不能和but连用）3. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies. 为了对英语电影有更好的了解，我想学新单词和更多的语法。（so that引导的目的状语从句-in order to do 转换同义句）4. S

9、tudies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time. 研究表明如果你对某事物感兴趣，你的大脑就更活跃，也更容易长久地专注于此。（It is +形容词+for sb to do sth.）5. If they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to En

10、glish songs or watch sports programs in English. 如果他们需要学习英语，而且他们喜欢音乐或者运动，他们就可以听英语歌曲，或者看英语的体育节目。（if引导的条件状语从句，主情从现）6. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it. 即使你很好地学到了某些知识，你也会忘记它，除非你使用它。（even if 引导的让步状语从句；unless 引导的主将从现）7. Learning is a lifelong journey because every da

11、y brings something new. 学习是一个终生的过程，因为每天都会出现新事物。（because引导的原因状语从句）8. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. 由于语音不好的缘故，我害怕提问。by侧重“用”某种手段、交通工具、传递方式或媒介等with侧重“用”有形工具、材料、内容等in侧重“用”语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等9. I fell in love with this exciting and funny movie. 我一下子就喜欢上了这部既令人激动又有趣的电影。（fallfell -

12、fallen）10. I also realized I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. 我以为意识到可以通过只听关键词来理解含义。realized +宾语从句（by +动名词，划线提问用-How）11. I discovered that listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning.我发现听感兴趣的东西是学习语言的秘诀。（动名词短语listening to作主语谓语要用单数is）12. Everyone is b

13、orn with the ability to learn.每个人生来就具有学习能力。（复合不定代词作主语谓语用单数形式）13. But whether or not you can do this well depends on your learning habits.但是，学得好与否取决于你的学习习惯。（whether引导主语从句，谓语要用单数）14. Good learners often connect what they need to learn with something interesting. 优秀的学习者经常会把他们需要学习的与有兴趣的东西联系起来。（connect +

14、 what引导的宾语从句，what既引导宾从，又作need的宾语） （宾语从句三注意：连词，时态加语序）15. Good learners think about what they are good at and what they need to practice more. 优秀的学习者会思考他们擅长什么，他们需要更多的练习什么。（介词about+宾从，what既引导宾从，又作介词at和及物动词need的宾语）16. Good learners will keep practicing what they have learned, and they are not afraid of

15、making mistakes.优秀的学习者会不断练习他们已经学过的东西，而且他们不怕犯错误。（keep doing sth, practice +宾从）17. Everything that you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely and learn well. （that引导定语从句，修饰先行词everything， 复合不定代词作主语谓语用单数形式becomes）重点词语用法讲解+归纳考点1介词by1.by +doing sth.-划线提问用howby reading the textbook；by

16、 asking the teacher for helpHow can I learn English well?-By reading every morning.介词by的其他用法：1）by+交通工具，“乘/坐.”by bus乘公共汽车2）by+地点，“在.的旁边；靠近.”by the lake在湖边3）by+时间，“截止到.；不迟于.” by ten十点前常连用的短语：by the way 顺便问一下 by accident= by chance 偶然地 by mistake 错误地 one by one 一个接一个 step by step 一步一步地 little by little

17、 逐渐地by the time 到为止 by oneself 独自地 by hand 用手 by the end of 到. 末尾go/pass by 通过；经过 by and by 不久以后by与with, in 的区别：with 的用法：表示用某种工具(1) with +工具 We like to write with a pen.(2)with+人体部位 We see with our eyes.in 的用法：通常与“衣着、声音、书写材料”等名称连用in+语言 in English 用英语 in ink 用墨水speak in a loud voice大声地讲 in red 穿红色的衣服

18、 考点2 find的用法及搭配find+名词/代词+形容词（作宾补）find+名词/代词+现在分词（作宾补）find+名词/代词+不定式（作宾补）find+名词/代词+副词（作宾补）find+that从句（作宾语）find+it（形式宾语）+形容词+for sb +to do sth（作真正宾语）find out查清楚，弄明白； lost and found 失物招领I find Tom clever. 我发现Tom很聪明。I found a little boy crying at the street corner last night.昨晚我发现一个小男孩在街道的拐角处正在哭。I fin

19、d him to be honest. 我发现他很老实。I found him out when I called him.我打电话发现他不在家。I found that he was very brave. 我发现他很勇敢。I find it difficult (for Lily) to learn math well.我发现学好数学很难。=I find that it is difficult for Lily to learn math well.考点3 What about = How about +名词/宾格代词+doing?用于提建议的句型有：What about doing s

20、th ?=How about doing sth? .怎么样？Why dont you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？Lets do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。Shall we/I do sth?我们做好吗？had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事Will/Would you please do sth 请你做好吗？Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？【回答】(1). 同意对方的建议时，一般用： Good idea./ Thats a g

21、ood idea. 好主意 OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了 Yes, please ./ Id love to 是的/ 我愿意 I agree with you 我同意你的看法 No problem 没问题 Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以 Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用： I dont think so 我认为不是这样 Sorry, I cant 对不起，我不能 Id love to, but Im afraid我愿意，但恐怕考点4 单元中的状语从句so/ suchth

22、at 引导的结果状语从句句型有：so +形容词/副词+that 从句so+形容词+ a / an +单数名词+that 从句=such+ a / an + （形容词）+单数名词+that 从句such + （形容词）+复数名词 / 不可数名词 + that从句She is so lovely a girl that we love her very much.=She is such a lovely girly that we love her very much.她是一个这么可爱的女孩，以至于我们都喜欢她。当名词前有many ,much, few, little修饰时，用so而不用such

23、 所以有so many /few+复数名词；so much/little +不可数名词sothat 句型的否定形式可用tooto do sth或notenough to do sth 化成简单句He is so young that he cant go to school.=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.他太小而不能上学。 so that引导的目的状语从句so that =in order that +主语+may/ might/can/could/ will/would+动词原形+

24、其他I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.我要学习生词和更多的语法，以便我能更好的理解英文电影。He must get up early so that he can catch the early bus.他必须早起以便能赶上早班公共汽车。当主从句主语一致时，可用so as to /in order to do sth转换同义句 注意：so as to 不用于句首=He must get up early in order t

25、o catch the early bus.although/though , even if /even though , no matter+特殊疑问词=特殊疑问词+ever 引导的让步状语从句让步状语从句 从句可放在句首，也可置于句末。although= though 不能与but连用,“尽管，虽然”Although / Though his father is very old, he is quite strong.尽管他的父亲年纪大了，但身体还很强壮。=His father is very old, but he is quite strong.even if =even thou

26、gh “即使”也不能与but连用。Even if you say so , I do not believe it.即使你那么说了，但我还是不相信它。whatever= no matter what 无论什么（理解疑问代词/副词） whoever=no matter who 无论谁however=no matter how无论如何 wherever=no matter where无论哪里 whenever=no matter when无论何时Wherever you go , I will go with you.无论你去哪里，我都会跟着你。= No matter you go,Whateve

27、r he said, I couldnt believe in him. 无论他说什么，我都不信任他。= No matter what,if或unless引导的条件状语从句Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.即使是你学得好的东西，如果你不使用，就会忘记。If they need to learn English and they like music or sports, they can listen to English songs or watch sports programs i

28、n English . 如果他们需要学习英语，而且他们喜欢音乐或者运动，他们就可以听英语歌曲，或者看英语的体育节目考点5 动词不定式符号to与介词to的区别 need to do sth 需要做某事 be afraid to do sth 害怕干某事 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人干某事 want to do sth 想要干什么 enough to do 足以干某事 tooto do sth 太而不能干某事 try to do sth 尽力干某事 find it +形容词+to do sth 发现干什么是怎么样的（真正宾语） It is +形容词+to do sth .干什么

29、是怎么样的。 （真正主语） 特殊疑问词+to do .-how to increase my reading speed. get sb to do sth 让某人做某事 be born with the ability to learn 天生具有的学习能力 the best way to do sth= the best way of doing sth 做某事最好的方法 the secret to +名词 的秘诀 pay attention to +名词/ doing 注意什么/干什么 make a difference to 对有影响 be/get used to doing 习惯于干什

30、么 make a contribution to 对有贡献 look forward to doing 期望干什么考点6.动名词考查： practice doing sth 练习干某事 keep doing sth 一直干某事 miss doing sth 思念干某事 mind doing sth 介意干某事 enjoy doing sth 喜欢干某事 finish doing sth 完成某事 feel like doing sth 想要干某事 be busy doing sth 忙于干某事 cant help doing sth 情不自禁地干某事 have fun doing sth 在干

31、某事方面玩的愉快 have trouble (in) doing sth 在干某事方面有困难 give up doing sth 放弃干某事 put off doing sth 推迟，延期干某事 by doing sth ; be afraid of doing ; make a mistake in doing ; 动名词中考中主要考查：及物动词后；介词后；和固定短语搭配的动名词；作主语的动名词，其作主语谓语要用单数形式。考点7本单元易混淆的词和短语总结：四看区分：看电视、看比赛、看表演用watch; watch TV 看电视看书、看报、看杂志用read read the book看书看电影

32、、看医生用see, see a movie see the doctor 看医生看黑板、看地图用look at look at the blackboard 看黑板look常搭配短语区分：look up 查找(跟代词作宾语，代词放中间)look after 照顾 =take care of look like 看起来像 =be like=be similar to look out 当心，小心=be carefullook through 浏览 look for 寻找 look forward to 期待look around 向四周看=look about have/ take a look

33、 看一看 look over 仔细检查speak/talk/say/tell 四说区分：说某种语言用speak， speak English 说英语与某人交谈用talk， talk with sb.= talk to sb. 与某人交谈强调说话内容用say， say it in English 用英语说告诉某人用tell， tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事think 短语区分： think about 想起，考虑 think of 想到，认为whatthink of =how like /feel about think over 仔细考虑 think up 想出来 =co

34、me up with想出，提出try短语区分： try on 试穿 try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】 try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 have a try 试一试come短语区分： come from 来自=be from come back 回来 come out 出来,主考【出版，发行】无被动结构 come on 加油，快点 come in 进来 come over to sp顺便来访某地drop in on sb顺便拜访某人=

35、drop by sb come true 实现 （主语常是梦想） come up with 想出need用法总结： 人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be doneStudents need _(have) a good rest in studying.The watch needs_(mend).用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词neednt = dont have to 没有必要need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用need 用 may not; must用

36、neednt. MustI go there now? Yes，you must / No, you neednt Need I go home now? Yes, you must. / No, you may not.You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.A. neednt to come B. dont need comeC. dont need coming D. neednt come作名词，意为需要。A friend in need is a friend in deed.

37、患难朋友才是真朋友【患难见真情】There is no need to do sth. =It is unnecessary to do sth.没有必要做某事There is no need doing sth .干什么没必要。join / join in / take part in区分： join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。join the army / party 入伍/ 党 join the club 加入俱乐部join in 后接活动名称 join sb. 加入到某个人群之中take part in 参加 ，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发

38、挥重要作用。mistake用法总结：分名词和动词 mistake mistook mistaken v 错误 make mistakes 出错 make mistakes in 在某方面放错 mistake for 把误认为 by mistake 错误地【记】 Yesterday I _（出错误）， I_ Mr. Wang _ Mr. Zhang（把误认为）， and said hello to Mr. Wang _(错误地).( ) My brother often makes mistakes _ grammar. A. of B. by C. at D. in ( ) He often

39、_ mistakes in spelling. A. takes B. makes C. has learn用法总结：learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt v 学习-learner初学者learn about 了解learn from sb. 向某人学习learn to do sth 学着做某事learn by oneself= teach oneself 自学We should _ _ the hard- working students.(向学习)We should learn_ each other.A. about B. from C. to D. for

40、call用法总结：call sb.=telephone sb. =phone sb. =give sb. a call =ring sb. up 给某人打电话call on sb. 拜访某人called=named 叫做（作后置定语） a boy called Tom with the name of= called = named 名叫Thats the girl named/called Lily.= Thats the girl _ _ _ Lily.A girl called / named Lily called me last night. 后置定语 谓语动词 昨晚一个名叫莉莉的女

41、孩给我打电话了。speak用法总结： speak spoke spoken v 说 spoken English 英语口语 written English 书面英语 speaking skills /practice口语技巧/口语练习 an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家【注】部分动词的过去分词也可做该词的形容词：spoken 口语的 broken 坏掉的 written 写作的Reading aloud is good for your _(speak) English. 不定式作后置定语时，是否带介词： I dont have a partner to

42、practice English with. I need a pen to write with. I need some paper to write on. There is no room for us to live（in）. 如果不定式符号to后的不及物动词修饰名词place, time, way, moment 时，可以省掉不定式不及物动词后的介词。 如果不定式后的及物动词和所修饰的名词构不成动宾关系时，需给及物动词匹配一个适当的介词，让介词跟修饰的名词构成介宾关系。aloud / loud/ loudly区分：aloud adv，“大声地；出声地”，多指使别人听到的意味，常与r

43、ead连用loud adj、adv。作adv时，“高声地；响亮地；大声地”，常放于speak、talk、laugh、sing之后，多用比较级 loudly“高声地”，有时与loud通用。但含有“喧闹”的意味。在用与比较级或最高级时，通常用loud而不用loudlyReading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。Dont talk so loud.不要那么高声的谈话。in a loud voice 高声地Speak louder, please. I cant hear you clearly.He does not

44、 talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. What about _(大声读) to practice your spoken English? The boys are talking_ in the class and it makes the teacher unhappy. A. aloud B. loudly C. louder D. loud Dont speak so _, my boys, Ill read _ a story to you. A. loudly; aloud B. loudly; loudly C. aloud; loudl

45、y D. loud; loudlydiscover/invent的区别：discover：指“发现”原本存在但一直不为人知的东西invent：“发明”出的新的，原本并不存在的东西 Recently they _ gold in this area.（discovered） Edison _ the electric light bulb. （invented） Columbus _America.（discovered）Creating an interest in what they learn创造对所学内容的兴趣。interest 为可数名词 人be interested in 对感兴趣【