（60套练习）南京XX中学中考英语试卷英语阅读理解题分类汇编(及答案).docx

1、2020-2021中考英语英语阅读理解训练经典题目(附答案)一、英语阅读理解1阅读短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Once upon a time, a proud (骄傲的) Swallow lived in a large tree. He liked his colorful feathers (羽毛) and his long tail so much that he believed nothing could be better than them. One day he saw a Crow and thought. How silly this bi

2、rd is! All his feathers are black. He looked at himself lovingly and enjoyed his own feathers. Just then, the crow flew and sat on the same branch as the Swallow. The Swallow said, All your feathers are black and your tail is so short. The Crow smiled and said. But they help me fly. The Swallow said

3、. So do mine. But look at how beautiful they are! He spread (展开) his wings and flew a little closer to the Crow. The Crow saw that the Swallow had lots of blue feathers and some white and pink ones, too. He looked at his own feathers and thought, Its true. The Swallows feathers are much prettier tha

4、n mine. The Crow said, Swallow, youre right. You have lovely feathers and a long tail, but only in summer. Your little feathers cannot keep you warm in winters at all. While you shiver (颤抖) in the cold, my thick feathers keep me warm in the cold winters.（1）The Swallow was proud of his _. A.flying sk

5、illsB.strong bodyC.beautiful voiceD.feathers and tail（2）When the Swallow said the Crows feathers and tail werent beautiful, the Crow _. A.became angryB.smiled and explainedC.flew away quicklyD.became worried and sad（3）The Crow thought the Swallows feathers _. A.were really colourfulB.looked silly an

6、d uglyC.were as beautiful as his ownD.were not long enough（4）What does the underlined sentence mean? A.My feathers are black, too.B.My tail is as long as yours.C.My feathers and tail help me fly, too.D.My feathers and tail are colourful, too.（5）What does the story want to tell us? A.Birds of a feath

7、er flock (聚集) together.B.Dont be proud of something thats of little use.C.Find out our own problems and solve them quickly.D.Dont make friends with people who are too proud.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）B 【解析】【分析】文章大意：从前，一只骄傲的燕子住在一棵大树上。他非常喜欢他的彩色羽毛（羽毛）和他的长尾巴，以至于他相信没有什么比它们更好的了。有一天，他看见一只乌鸦，他看不起乌鸦，认为乌鸦儍，但是乌鸦却

8、不这么认为，他说他的羽毛可以帮着取暖，但是燕子额羽毛去不能。 （1）细节理解题，根据 He liked his colorfulfeathers(羽毛) and his long tail 可知燕子为他的羽毛和尾巴而骄傲，故答案是D。 （2）细节理解题，根据 The Crow smiled and said. But they help me fly.可知，当燕子嘲笑乌鸦的时候，乌鸦微笑着解释，故答案是B。 （3）细节理解题，根据 Its true. The Swallows feathers are much prettier than mine. 可知，乌鸦认为燕子的羽毛比自己的漂亮，真的

9、好看，故答案是A。 （4）句意猜测题，根据 But they help me fly. The Swallow said. So do mine. 可知，划线句子的意思是：我的羽毛和尾巴也能帮我飞翔，故答案是C。 （5）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，乌鸦的羽毛尽管不漂亮但是可以保暖，而燕子的羽毛虽然漂亮但是不保暖，所以不要为一点点有用的东西而感到骄傲，故答案是B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；句意义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2阅读理解 No

10、w too much CO makes the Earth warmer and warmer, and brings bad effect to people. To save our Earth, a new lifestyle called low-carbon life becomes popular. Low carbon means low energy and no waste. It is necessary for everybody to learn to live a low-carbon life. To live a low-carbon life, wed bett

11、er save as much energy as we can. For example, turn off the lights and TV when you dont use them, use cold water to wash clothes or dishes: take a short shower and try to take a cold one when the weather gets warm: dont do the cooking with electricity. To live a low-carbon life, we should eat less m

12、eat. Being a vegetarian can help reduce (v)one and a half ton of carbon dioxide a year, but keeping animals for food produces even more carbon dioxide than all the cars do in the world. To live a low-carbon life, we should plant more trees. Trees are very important for us. They can not only produce

13、oxygen for us to breathe and keep the air clean. But also take in the harmful gases from the air. To protect trees we should stop people from cuing down trees and plant as many trees as we can. If we can keep them a habit in our daily life, the earth will become a safer planet for us to live on.（1）W

14、hy does low carbon life become popular? A.Because it can protect animals.B.Because it can save the earth.C.Because It can protect trees.D.Because it can clean water.（2）How many kinds of way of living a low-carbon life are talked about in the passage A.ThreeB.FourC.FiveD.Six（3）What can we do to make

15、carbon dioxide become less? A.We can use cold water in our life.B.We can try to use less water.C.We can eat too much meat.D.We can take a bath.（4）What does the underlined word them refer to? A.The ways to protect treesB.The ways to keep animals for foodC.The ways to live a comfortable lifeD.The ways

16、 to live a low-carbon life（5）Where can we read this passage? A.In a fashion magazineB.In a newspaperC.In a travel guideD.In a history book【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）B（4）D（5）B 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了太多的二氧化碳使地球变暖，为了拯救我们的地球，应提倡低碳生活，本文主要介绍了几种低碳生活方式，如节约能源、少吃肉、多种树等。 （1）细节理解题，根据第一段第二行To save our Earth, a new lifestyle c

17、alled low-carbon life becomes popular.可知低碳生活流行的原因是为了拯救地球，故选B。 （2）细节理解题，根据文章的第二、第三和第四段的内容，可知是介绍了三种低碳生活方式，节约能源、少吃肉、多种树，故选A。 （3）推理判断题，根据第二段To live a low-carbon life, wed better save as much energy as we can. 可推断出应该节约用水，故选B。 （4）词义猜测题，根据上文的介绍，以及最后一段中If we can keep them a habit in our daily life, the eart

18、h will become a safer planet for us to live on. 可猜测出them是指低碳生活方式，故选D。 （5）推理判断题，A时尚杂志；B报纸；C旅游指南；D历史书。本文主要介绍了几种低碳生活方式，这样的文章应该出现在报纸上，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要考查了细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节理解题主要是在文章中找到答案的依据；推理判断题主要是根据上下文的意思进行推理；词义猜测题根据上下句进行猜测。3阅读理解 Most cars run on gas. Gas cars work very well. But there is a

19、 problem. Cars that run on gas make the air dirty. The dirty air is not good for people, animals or trees. Gas cars make the air dirty for all living things. What can we do? We can drive electric cars! Electric cars do not use gas. These cars do not make the air dirty. These cars have batteries that

20、 power their motors(马达). The batteries can be charged（充电）many times. They can be used again and again. This makes electric cars great. But electric cars have problems too. They are slower than gas cars. They are also very quiet. This means that some people cant hear them when they go by. They may no

21、t think a car is coming. So they have to be careful. People are looking for ways to make electric cars better all the time. Maybe one day all cars will be electric. That would be much better for the world. （1）Whats the problem of the cars that run on gas? A.They are too big.B.They are noisy.C.They a

22、re too small.D.They make the air dirty.（2）What does the underlined word they refer to(指代）? A.Gas cars.B.Some people.C.Electric cars.D.The batteries.（3）Why do some people have to be careful about electric cars? A.Because they are quiet.B.Because they are fast.C.Because they are too big.D.Because they

23、 make the air dirty.（4）The writer hopes . A.no cars will be electricB.gas cars can become betterC.all cars will be electricD.gas cars can become slower（5）Whats the best title for the passage? A.The problems of gas carsB.People who study carsC.The problems of electric carsD.Gas cars and electric cars

24、【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）D 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍汽油车的缺点及电动车的优点。电动车不用汽油，不会污染环境，但是它们比较慢而且不发出声音。 （1）细节题， 根据Cars that run on gas make the air dirty.可知汽油车会污染环境，故选D。 （2）词句猜测题，根据 This means that some people cant hear them when they go by. They may not think a car is coming. So they have to be careful.可知they知道上文的som

25、e people，故选B。 （3）细节题，根据 They are also very quiet.和 So they have to be careful.可知电动车不发音，因此当电动车经过时，他们必须要小心，故选A。 （4）推断题，根据 Maybe one day all cars will be electric. That would be much better for the world.可推出作者希望将来全使用电动车。故选C。 （5）主旨题，本文主要是讲汽油车和电动车，汽油车速度快，但是污染重，电动车虽然慢点但对环境无污染，将来有望全部使用电动车，因此D选项符合题意，故选D。 【点

26、评】考查阅读理解能力。细节题，词句猜测题，推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题常考题型，细节题需要在文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推测出词句的意思；推断题需要联系上下文，推测出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4阅读理解 When you feel sneeze(喷嚏)or cough coming on, covering your mouth prevents the spread of germs (细菌). You probably know that. But how to cover your mouth is very important. You mig

27、ht use tissues(纸巾) and put your used tissues into the bin. If you dont have tissues, you should sneeze into your elbow, not your hand, even if you are used to doing that. The doctors advised. If somebody sneezes into his hands, those germs will be passed on to other people, or other objects that peo

28、ple touch. said Dr. Hill. Germs are most commonly spread by sneezing and coughing. When they land on your hands, they are passed from hands to things like money, door knobs(扶手), elevator buttons (电梯按钮) and other surfaces. At the same time, the people around you can touch them. This isnt nagging(唠叨).

29、 The Centers for Disease Control also suggest that sneezing and coughing into your elbow is necessary. Even the New York City subway officers ask the passengers to cough or sneeze into elbow or use a tissue. The suggestion was taken seriously about 10 years ago. However, most people didnt pay much a

30、ttention to it. That means the adults may have missed the advice. But children are often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze. Dr. Benjamin said. To be clear, people cant keep away from all the risks in this way, but its the best choice. At the same time, wed better wear masks(口罩)and of

31、ten wash our hands. Hand washing is one of the most important things people can do to keep healthy. Dr. Hill said.（1）According to this passage, when sneezing or coughing, youd better NOT _. A.sneeze into your elbowB.cover your mouth with tissuesC.use your hand to cover mouthD.put the used tissues in

32、 the bin（2）If you sneeze or cough into hands, germs can spread through the following activities EXCEPT _. A.B.C.D.（3）Which is NOT true according to the passage? A.The New York City subway officers ask passengers to use a tissue.B.The adult may be used to sneezing into their elbow.C.The children are

33、often taught in school the right way to cough or sneeze.D.Wearing masks is a good way to keep away from germs.（4）Whats the main purpose of this article? A.To tell us the correct way to cover mouth when sneezing or coughing.B.To tell us how to prevent the spread of germs.C.To tell us its necessary to

34、 sneeze or cough into elbow.D.To tell us how to keep away from all risks.（5）In which layout (版面) of the newspaper can we find this kind of passage? A.Health.B.SportsC.Business.D.Education.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）B（5）A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当人们打喷嚏或者咳嗽时，如何正确地捂住嘴，来阻止细菌的传播。人们可以用纸巾，也可以打喷嚏到你的肘关节处，而不是手里。如果打

35、喷嚏到手中，细菌容易传播。同时，戴口罩、勤洗手也很有必要。 （1）细节理解题。题干意为：根据这篇短文，当打喷嚏或者咳嗽的时候，你最好不要_ 。通读原文第二段可知：A项打喷嚏到你的肘关节里；B项用纸巾捂住嘴；D项把用过的纸巾放到垃圾篓里都是正确的做法。根据第三段中的If somebody sneezes into his hands， those germs will be passed on to other people， or other objects that people touch. 可知：打喷嚏和咳嗽时，最好不要用手去捂，因为那样做，细菌容易传播到其他人身上，或者别人用手触摸的东

36、西上。故选C。 （2）推理判断题。题干意为：如果你打喷嚏或者咳嗽到手里，细菌可以通过下列行为传播，除了_之外。根据第四段中的When they land on your hands， they are passed from hands to things like money， door knobs， elevator buttons and other surfaces. 可知：钱、扶手、电梯按钮等都是细菌传播的途径。根据最后一段中的Hand washing is one of the most important things people can do to keep healthy.

37、 可知：洗手能够避免细菌传播、保持健康。故选D。 （3）推理判断题。题干意为：根据短文，哪一项不正确？根据第五段中的Even the New York City subway officers ask the passengers to cough or sneeze into elbow or use a tissue. 可知A项说法纽约地铁官员要求乘客用纸巾正确；根据第六段中的That means the adults may have missed the advice. 可知B项说法成年人已经习惯于打喷嚏到他们的肘关节是错误的；选项C说法孩子们在校受教育，用正确的方式打喷嚏或者咳嗽正确

38、；D项说法带口罩是一种远离细菌的好办法正确。故选B。 （4）主旨大意题。题干意为：这篇短文的主要写作目的是什么？A项：告诉我们当打喷嚏和咳嗽时，正确的捂住嘴的方式；B项：告诉我们如何阻止细菌的传播；C项：告诉我们很有必要打喷嚏或者咳嗽到肘关节里；D项：告诉我们怎样远离各种危险。通读原文可知：本文主要是告诉我们如何通过各种方式，来避免细菌的传播。故选B。 （5）推理判断题。题干意为：我们可以在报纸的哪一个版面发现这种类型的文章？通读原文可知：本文主要是告诉我们如何避免细菌传播，保持身体健康。故本文谈论的是健康话题。故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题

39、要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5根据句材料理解，选择正确答案。A Studying makes you tired? How to deal with the worries and relax yourself? Here is some advice which may add happiness to your life.1) Rest at weekends Weekends are time for a rest. After a weeks hard work, weekends are the best

40、 time for you to relax yourself. Having a nice lie in(睡懒觉) is a good idea. Besides, good sleep makes sure of your study.2) Cry out If you feel sad, dont try to hide your feelings. Crying out may help reduce(降低) your sadness.3) Keep a diary You can write down all that you want to say. Thats a great w

41、ay to think about and remember life. You can do it on paper or on computers.4) Enjoy a big meal Its not a good idea for a kid to lose weight, so you dont need to eat less food. When you feel upset, enjoy a big meal. Eating delicious food will make you feel good.5) Join in activities Having a get tog

42、ether(聚会) is great fun. Going out with friends for a trip will make you happy. And it will also bring you a good sleep.（1）How many pieces of advice are given in the passage?A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.（2）If you feel sad, youd better _.A.have a nice lie inB.hide your feelingsC.cry out（3）According to the passage, _ can bring you a good sleep.A.keeping a diaryB.enjoying a big mealC.joining in activities（4）Which of the following is TRUE?A.Good sleep makes sure of your study.B.Writing a diary can hide your feelings.C.It is a good idea for a kid to lose weight.（5）The passage is mainly for _.A.students