2019年全国高考英语真题试卷(共6套详细解析版).docx

1、2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷III)英 语注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

2、佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.【答案】B【解析】2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the woman feel now?A. Relaxed.B. Excited

3、.C. Tired.【答案】C【解析】3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How much will the man pay?A. $520.B. $80.C. $100.【答案】B【解析】4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man tell Jane to do?A. Postpone his appointment.B. Meet Mr. Douglas.C. Return at 3 oclock.【答案】A【解析】5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why would David quit his job?A. To go back to scho

4、ol.B. To start his own firm.C. To work for his friend.【答案】C【解析】第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What does the man want the woman to do?A. Check the cupboard.B. Cl

5、ean the balcony.C. Buy an umbrella.7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Employer and employee.C. Shop assistant and customer.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Where did the woman go at the weekend?A. The city centre.B. The forest park.

6、C. The mans home.9. How did the man spend his weekend?A. Packing for a move.B. Going out with Jenny.C. Looking for a new house.10. What will the woman do for the man?A. Take Henry to hospital.B. Stay with his kid.C. Look after his pet.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C【解析】听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. Wha

7、t is Mr. Stone doing now?A. Eating lunchB. Having a meeting.C. Writing a diary.12. Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?A. To discuss a program.B. To make a travel plan.C. To ask for sick leave.13. When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?A. At 3:00.B. At 3:30.C. At 3:45.【答案】11. B 12. A 13.

8、 C【解析】听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What are the speakers talking about?A. A company.B. An interview.C. A job offer.15. Who is Monica Stansfield?A. A junior specialist.B. A department manager.C. A sales assistant.16. When will the man hear from the woman?A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C. On

9、Thursday.【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A【解析】听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?A. Touring France.B. Playing outdoors.C. Painting pictures.18. What did John do after he moved to the US?A. He did business.B. He studied biology.C. He worked on a farm.19. Why did John

10、go hunting?A. For food.B. For pleasure.C. For money.20. What is the subject of Johns works?A. American birds.B. Natural scenery.C. Family life.【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 20. A【解析】第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOPENINGS AND PREVIEWSAnimals Out of PaperYolo！Pro

11、ductions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami(折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.)The AudienceHelen Mirren stars in

12、the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14.(Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-Manuel Mira

13、nda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 17.(Public, 425 Lafayette St. 212-967-7555.)On the Twentieth CenturyKristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Bett

14、y Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie stars love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs, for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12.(American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 212-719-1300.)21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph pr

15、obably about?A. A type of art.B. A teenagers studio.C. A great teacher.D. A group of animals.22. Who is the director of The Audience?A. Helen Mirren.B. Peter Morgan.C. Dylan Baker.D. Stephen Daldry.23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?A. Animals Out of Paper.B. The

16、 Audience.C. Hamilton.D. On the Twentieth Century.【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四场演出的主要内容，导演，时间，地点等信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据话剧Animals Out of Paper中的Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami(折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her stu

17、dio.可知，Rajiv Joseph创作的的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据话剧The Audience的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导演的。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据音乐剧Hamilton 的Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.可知，该剧的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果

18、你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看这部音乐剧。故选C。BFor Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.“Its no secret that China has always been a source(来源) of inspiration for designers,” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and hom

19、e to some of the biggest fashion(时尚) shows.Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学) on Western fashion and

20、how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.“China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all ov

21、er the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are todays top Western designers being influenced by Chinasome of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu a

22、re taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobsand beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill.For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,” she says. “Chin

23、a is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about Chinaits influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”24. What can we learn abou

24、t the exhibition in New York?A. It promoted the sales of artworks.B. It attracted a large number of visitors.C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.25. What does Hill say about Chinese women?A. They are setting the fashion.B. They start many fashion campaigns.C.

25、 They admire super models.D. They do business all over the world.26. What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean?A. learning fromB. looking down onC. working withD. competing against27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the WorldB. A Chinese

26、 Art Exhibition Held in New YorkC. Differences Between Eastern and Western AestheticsD. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚界的影响。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in C

27、hinese influences.可知，此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Hill所说的话“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion they are central to its movement.”(中国模特是向世界各地的

28、女性推销梦想的美丽和时尚运动的面孔，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者她们是这场运动的核心。)可知，Hill说中国女性正在引领新时尚，故选A。【26题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文and beating them hands down in design and sales说在设计和销售上击败他们，由此推断出上文Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacob

29、s竞争。taking on意思是“竞争”，故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。本文通过Amanda Hill的评论，论述了中国文化、中国艺术、中国设计师等等在国际时尚中发挥着非常重要的作用。因此，“中国文化刺激着国际时尚的发展和潮流”最能概括文章大意。故选D。CBefore the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that

30、time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was takin

31、g place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.This developmen

32、t did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy) to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printers office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers wou

33、ld be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a pennyusually two or three cents was chargedand some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase “penny paper” caught the publics fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed se

34、ll for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业) were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and

35、daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.28. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?A. Academic.B. Unattractive.C. Inexpensive.D. Confidential.29. What did street sales mean to newspapers?A. They would be priced higher.B. They would disappear from cities.C. Th

36、ey could have more readers.D. They could regain public trust.30. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?A. Local politicians.B. Common people.C. Young publishers.D. Rich businessmen.31. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?A. It was a difficult process.B. It was a tempora

37、ry success.C. It was a robbery of the poor.D. It was a disaster for printers.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了面向大众的“便士报纸”的诞生历史。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding.可知，在19世纪30年代之前

38、，只有大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊，视觉上令人望而却步。故那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。分析选项，A. Academic学术的；B. Unattractive没有吸引力，无魅力的；C. Inexpensive廉价的，不贵的；D. Confidential机密的，保密的。故A、C和D是错误的，只有B符合对19世纪30年代之前的报纸的描述，故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜，更重要的是，在街上可以买的到报纸；再结合第三段中间的within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be c

39、ommonplace in eastern cities.可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见，而且很便宜，大家都负担得起，所以街头销售意味着读报纸的人多了。故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的The trend, then, was toward the “penny paper”a term referring to papers made widely available to the public.可知，这种“便士报纸”针对大众，在街上就可以买得到。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中The new trend of newspapers for the man on

40、the street did not begin well. Some of the early ventures were immediately failures. Publishers already in business, people who owners of successful papers, had little desires to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.可知，“便士报纸”一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。

41、已经进入商业领域的成功的出版商，并不想改变这一传统。后来一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出“便士报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。故选A。DMonkeys seem to have a way with numbers.A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward

42、. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to get the reward.Heres how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol wo

43、uld appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went f

44、or the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of eac

45、h combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估) a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in valuesometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was system

46、atic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分) of the smaller number to it.“This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, ”Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what theyre d

47、oing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?A. They fed them.B. They named them.C. They trained them.D. They measured them.33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?A. By drawing a circle.B.

48、By touching a screen.C. By watching videos.D. By mixing two drinks.34. What did Livingstones team find about the monkeys?A They could perform basic addition.B. They could understand simple words.C. They could memorize numbers easily.D. They could hold their attention for long.35. In which section of a newspaper may this text a