(完整版)医学英语考博作文词汇归纳.doc

1、医学英语考博作文词汇归纳（一）医疗、医院、医生1 、医生 doctor medical worker physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 doctor in charge 主治医生 intern 实习医生 resident doctor 住院医生2 、医院 hospitalThe specialized hospital 专科医院The general hospital 普通医院The community hospital 社区医院The public hospital 公立医院The private hospital 私立医院 clinc 门诊Conventional c

2、linic treatment普通门诊 ward 病房 medical team 医疗队3 医疗手段 drug therapy 药物治疗 medical treatment 医疗 medical instruments 医疗器械 diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis prevent (v) 预防 sterilize (v) 消毒 | administrate a drug 给药 prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 TCM 中医 chemotherapy 化疗(11) medical service 医疗服务(12) complain

3、 of (v) 主述(13) health checkup 健康普查(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ;4 、医疗体制（1）healthcare system 医疗体制（2）medical disputes 医疗纠纷（3）medical accident 医疗事故（4）the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系（5）medical insurance system 医疗保险体系（6）medical aid fund 医疗救助基金5 、医德（1）

4、medical ethics 医德（2）patient-oriented 以病人为核心（3）humanistic 人道主义的（4）compassionate 富于同情性的（5）considerate 体贴周到的（6）resolute 果断的（7）service quality 服务质量（8）to give top priority to the lives and health of people6 、病人（1）patient（2）the sick（3）the invalid(4) sufferer 医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类（二） 必知疾病名称1 、患病的表达方式 suffer from

5、(v )(2) contract （v ）(3) people with some disease 患病人群(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人2 、必知疾病名称heart disease 心脏病hypertension 高血压kidney problem 肾病stroke 休克the blood pressure 血压diabetes 糖尿病obesity 肥胖terminal illness 绝症incurable illness 不治之症cancer 癌症tumor 肿瘤cancer of early stage 癌症晚期

6、emergency case 急症servious illness 重症the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病short breath 短气syndrome 综合症complications 并发症process 病程bone loss 骨质疏松short-sighted （adj）近视3 、其他相关词汇outbreak and spendingbreak out (v) 疾病的爆发spread (v) 疾病的扩散the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率taboo 禁忌speed up blood circulati

7、on (v)improve the cardiac functions (v)side effects 副反应complain of 主述4 、传染病专题(1) 感染源virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介（2 ）传染疾病some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫influenza （简）flu 流感infection contagion 传染病infectious diseases 传染病AIDS 艾滋病SARS(3) 传染epidemic (a) 流行的，传染的block the chan

8、el (v)disseminate 传播cross infection 交叉感染5 、疾病名称illnesssicknessdiseaseailmentsuffering6 、疾病的转归（1 ）疾病的恢复recover recoveryrecuperateresumerecruitreinstate(2) 疾病的恶化deteriorateaggravateexasperatemake worseworsen 医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类（三） 药物1 、药物名称medicinedrugremedymedicinal herbspowertabletpill2 、相关词汇drug therapy

9、 药物治疗side effects 副反应drug abuse 药物滥用drugstore 药房over the counter 非处方药drug allergy 药物过敏drug poisoning 药物中毒prescription 处方expenses for medicine 药费charges for medicinedrug rebate 药品回扣3 、药物用法 开药 :prescribe some medicine for some diseaseswrite out a proscription 服药take a medicine 治的疾病a remedy for some di

10、seases 医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(四) 心理疾病1 、心理学专业词汇subhealth 亚健康psychological benefits 心理健康psychological problem 心理问题psychological consultation 心理咨询psychological obstacles 心理障碍mental obstacles 心理障碍psychological massage 心理按摩psychology 心理学/ 心理psychotherapy 心理治疗psychological expert 心理专家2 、相关词汇questionnaire3 、情绪词汇o

11、vercomedisappointdisappointedshy ,flushfrustrationfailurewillpoweroptimismoptimisticalbe sensitive tonervoustensionalsad agony pessimism pessimisticconfident confidencestress pressuredepress depresseddepression depressive4 、疲劳相关词汇fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) wear

12、y 医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(五) 肥胖与营养1、营养物质nutrient 营养素protein 蛋白质fat 脂肪glucose 葡萄糖vitamin 维生素sugar 糖类heat calories quantity of heat 热量carbohydrate 碳水化合物soft drink beverage 软饮料cholesterol胆固醇2 、营养与饮食a well-balanced dietnutrition 营养nutritional 营养的nutritious 有营养的nutritionist 营养学家malnutrition 营养失调metabolism 物质代谢fat

13、 free foodthe prepared food 熟食grain 谷物food shortages 食品短缺lack of foodbreakfast lunch supper 一日三餐imbalance (n) unbalance (a) 失衡3 、营养失衡相关疾病stroke ;obesityhypertensiondiabetes!4 、治疗措施diet drug 减肥药lose weight 减肥 医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(六) 生活习惯、健康及运动1 、生活习惯life-style 生活习惯a disorder of body and minda physical and

14、mental disordercrazy tempo of life 快节奏的生活high tempo of lifebe accustomed to sththe exercise habit2 、运动与休息ample sleep 充足的睡眠relax oneselftake sportsphysical exercisessport activitiesdo sportssports ground （简） gym 体育场馆entertainmentbe more/less physically fitsustain the exercise habitconstitution 体质horm

15、one 激素subhealth亚健康cooperative medical caresystem合作医疗体系resist mutation防癌immunomodulator免疫调节剂enthusiasm热情医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(七)医学研究领域相关词汇1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase;2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety;3.公共卫

16、生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to;4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) peoples livelihood/well-being;5.城乡卫生体系 urban-rural medical and health system6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system；7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environment

17、al hygiene8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食；9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施10.人畜共患病zoonosisanthropozoonosis.人兽共患病，11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease：12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome；13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热；14.爆发流行：bre

18、ak out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable；communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的医 有传染性的;communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to pe

19、rson transmission17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate19.福祉 well-being, happiness；20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的22.脂肪肝fatty liver

20、; 血压 hypertension23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years26.养生preserve ones health; nourishing of life; keep in good health27.分类 be divided intofall into three categoriesbe grouped according to their origin, into three

21、classes.be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds.28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations； 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle;29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指

22、符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent;31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying fromThe death toll is expected to rise. The

23、 death toll continues to rise.There have been more deaths from drowning.How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？32.归结为 boil down to；come down to； 归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute to、 oweto; 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blameon、ascribe or attribute to、impute to。33.大规模on a

24、 large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly;因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon； 复杂的complicated，comple

25、x，sophisticated，intricate； 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances； 养老保险 endowment insurance；退休养老金retirement pension； Health Care Reform医疗改革36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity；37.月经期menstrual period38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care40.安乐死euthanasia；41.得绝症的terminally ill；42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”.