2019届高考英语(人教版)一轮复习必修一unit-2-English-around-the-world单元知识点学案.docx

1、基础知识默写(学生用书227228页)1official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 2voyage n航行；航海3native adj.本国的；本地的n本国人；本地人4actually adv.事实上；实际上5base vt.以为根据n基部；基础；基地basic adj.基础的basis n基础；基部；基准6gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的7vocabulary n词汇；词汇量；词表8latter adj.较后的；(两者中)后者的；后半的n后者former adj.以前的n前者9command n&vt.命令；指令；掌握commanding adj.威严的；指挥的10request

2、 n&vt.请求；要求11expression n词语；表示；表达；表情express vt.表示；表达n快车；速递12recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认recognition n识别；承认；赞誉13accent n口音；腔调；重音14lightning n闪电15straight adv.直接；挺直adj.直的；笔直的；正直的16elevator n电梯；升降机17petrol n汽油18apartment n公寓住宅；单元住宅19spelling n拼写；拼法20enrich vt.使富裕；充实；改善21frequent adj.频繁的；常见的22lorry n卡车23block

3、 n街区；块；木块；石块24identity n本身；本体；身份identify v确认；识别25fluent adj.流利的；流畅的fluency n流利；流畅26more than超过；非常；不只是；不仅是27because of由于；因为28come up走近；上来；被提出29base.on/upon以为基础/根据30at present目前；现在31make use of利用；使用32such as例如；像这种的33leave for动身去34believe it or not信不信由你35play a part (in)扮演一个角色；参与36Today，more people spe

4、ak English as their first，second or a foreign language than ever before.如今说英语的人比以往更多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。37Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。38It was based more on German than the English we spea

5、k at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。39Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。40This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 这是因为在早期的收音机时代，对新闻播音员的要求是讲一口极好的英语。基础知识夯实.语境填词1I made friends

6、with the natives(当地人)，and their reaction amazed me.(2016浙江)2One afternoon，I grew bored and actually(实际上) fell asleep for a few minutes.3Last week some city officials(官员) suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place.(2017全国)4The ship will st

7、art its maiden voyage(航行) next Monday.5If you learn just one more new word each day，in the next year you will increase your vocabulary(词汇) by more than 300 words.6The police asked him to show his identity(身份) card.7As you know，bamboo always stands straight(挺直)，so it represents “noble” and “strongwil

8、led”8I felt extremely excited on hearing that you had won the first prize in the Chinese character spelling (spell) contest held by CCTV1.9Right now youre in a more commanding (command) position than you have been for ages.10If you read frequently (frequent)，youll likely have an easier time with rem

9、embering what youre reading.11Although there is still a long way to go，we believe that the doctorpatient relationship in China is gradually (gradual) improving.(2018北京西城区模拟)12For one thing，I have developed fluency(fluent) in spoken English.(2018浙江)13It is generally thought that traveling abroad can

10、enrich (rich) ones knowledge.14“I dont understand，”he said，with an expression (express) of complete surprise on his face.15When he returned to his hometown after the war，he found it had changed beyond all recognition (recognize).选词成篇1At present，developing the ability of the students is an important

11、task in our daily teaching activity. When we deal with the unit of a play，we always ask the students to 2.play a part in it. We instruct them to 3.make use of everything around them, 4.such as a stick，a curtain，and so on.5Believe it or not, 6.because of my hard work and diligence，I am admitted into

12、Beijing University this year. I am 7.more than happy hearing the exciting news. In three days，I will 8.leave for Beijing to start my college life on my own, 9.even if I have never lived alone. In the next four years many new problems will e up unexpectedly but I think I can deal with them.完成句子1I fel

13、t that it would be a victory for us even if we lost the game. (even if)(2018天津)我觉得即使我们输掉了比赛，这对我们来说也是一场胜利。2Everything comes with a price；there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world. (no such thing as.)任何事情都是要付出代价的，在这个世界上并没有免费的午餐。3I made such great progress in English that my teacher praised m

14、e saying that I was more diligent than clever.(more.than)我的英语取得了很大进步，老师表扬了我，说与其说我聪明倒不如说我勤奋。4He was sent to hospital. That was because he was ill.(That was because.)他被送到了医院，那是因为他生病了。1en前后缀构成的动词(1)enrich v使富裕；充实(2)enlarge v扩大；使增大(3)encourage v鼓励(4)sharpen v削尖；使锐利(5)strengthen v加强；使变强2“旅行”家族(1)voyage航行

15、；航海(2)tour (观光)旅行(3)travel旅行(4)trip (短途)旅行；外出(5)journey (长途) 旅行(6)outing远足3“因为，由于”短语速递(1)because of因为；由于(2)due to由于(3)owing to由于(4)thanks to多亏；由于(5)as a result of因为(6)on account of因为4“动词for”意为“动身去”的短语(1)leave for动身去(2)head for走向；朝进发(3)make for前往；走向(4)start for动身去(5)set out/off for动身去base vt.以为据点(或总部

16、等)；以为根据 n基部；基地；基础(1)base.on/upon.把建立在；以为根据be based on/upon以为根据(基础)(2)basis n原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础on the basis of在的基础上(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的(1)Basing (base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later.(2)Based(base) on the ratings，I bought my beloved backpack，saw

17、 interesting films and tasted delicious foods.(2018江苏)(3)Dont evaluate a person on the basis of appearance.(根据相貌；basis)句式升级(4)The restaurant is based on trust，and it is working all right.(用形容词短语作状语改写)Based on trust，the restaurant is working all right.separate v把分开；分隔 adj.分开的；单独的；独立的(1)separate A fro

18、m B把A和B分开divide.into.把分成(2)separation n分开；分离；分居(1)Last winter when I went there again，they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chickens.(2018全国)去年冬天，当我再次去那里的时候，他们有一个很大的独立房屋来饲养许多鸡。(2)I separated the good apples from the bad ones and she divided the best into halves.我把好苹果和坏苹果分开，然后她把最好的分成了两半。熟词

19、生义选择句子中separate的汉语意思(3)Millies parents separated when she was five years old. CA分类 B区分 C(夫妻或伴侣)分居command v命令；博得；拥有；指挥 n命令；掌握；运用能力(1)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事command that.(should) do.命令(2)at ones command听某人支配take command of指挥；控制have a good command of掌握；精通in command of掌管；掌握(3)commanding adj.指挥的；威严的

20、(1)I am here at the presidents command.(2)The voice at the other end of the line was serious and commanding (command)(3)Although he has a good command of English(精通英语)，he sometimes feels it hard to find an appropriate version for some Chinese idioms.同义句改写(4)He commanded that we (should) set (set) of

21、f at once.He commanded us to set off at once.熟词生义选择句子中command的汉语意思A俯瞰B博得；得到C命令(5)He commands the respect of everyone who works for him. B(6)The hotel commands a fine view of the valley. A(1)request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事It is requested that.(should) do.要求(2)at ones request(at the request of sb.)应某人的要求

22、(3)by request应邀(1)The request is that manuscripts(手稿) (should) be written (write) on one side only.(2)He was transferred to another department at her request/at the request of her(应她的要求)(3)同义句改写All members are requested to be present at the party.It is requested that all members (should) be present

23、at the party.易错点拨(1)动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词为“(should)动词原形”。(2)request后不能直接跟不定式，即不能说request to do.。recognize v认识；辨认出；意识到；承认，认可；赏识，表彰；向打招呼(1)recognize.as/to be.把看作It is recognized that.人们公认(2) recognition n认出；认识beyond recognition认不出来(1)For example，she received the 2007 BR

24、ICK Award recognizing (recognize) the efforts of young people to change the world.(2)I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition (recognize)(3)一句多译我们都认为屠呦呦是位伟大的科学家。We all recognize Tu Youyou as/to be a great scientist.It is recognized that TuYouyou is a grea

25、t e up with提出；想出come across(偶然)遇见；发现；穿过come about发生come out出来；出版，发行写出下列句子中come up的汉语意思(1)The snow drops (雪花莲) are just beginning to come up.长出地面；发芽(2)We watched the sun come up.(太阳)升起(3)Im afraid something urgent has come up；I wont be able to see you tonight.发生；出现(4)The problem of getting new unifor

26、ms came up at the meeting.被提出；被讨论完成句子(5)I came across this old photograph when looking for a book yesterday.我昨天找书的时候，偶然发现了这张早年的照片。(6)我们班提出了更好地利用旧材料的想法。(2016北京)Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials.易错点拨come up被提出，不及物，主语常是计划、建议、问题等；come up with提出，及物，主语是人或团体组织。(1)make ful

27、l/good use of充分/好好利用make the best/most of充分利用(2)come into use开始使用bring/put.to use加以使用be of use有用It/There is no use doing.做没用。(1)Your time should be made full use of to exercise(exercise)你应该充分利用时间锻炼身体。(2)I think this is the best use that we can make of the money.我认为这是我们对这笔钱能做的最好的利用。(3)This old machin

28、e is useless(use)；well try to get rid of it./This old machine is of no use；well try to get rid of it.这部旧机器没用了，我们将想法把它处理掉。(4)My mother always told us it is no use crying (cry) over spilt milk.母亲总是告诉我们为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。易错点拨在对make use of考查时，常把名词use提前使用被动语态；把名词提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。play a role in在中起作用；在中扮演角色take

29、part in参加(1)There are many reasons for animals dying out，but the most important one is the part that/which humans have played.动物绝种的原因很多，但是最重要的原因是人类所起的作用。(2)Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious.(2018全国)我们中的一些人充满信心，渴望参加这个课堂活动；另一些人则感到紧张焦

30、虑。Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。even if/though即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。在主从句主语相同或从句主语为it，且从句谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时也可采用省略句结构，即省略从句的主语和be动词。(1)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，even if/tho

31、ugh hes in his nineties.(2016北京)尽管我的祖父已经九十多岁了，但他仍不时打网球。句式升级(2)He wont come to our party even if he is invited.(改为省略句)He wont come to our party even if invited.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。more.than.与其说，倒不如说more than多于(后跟数词)；不仅仅(后跟名词)；非

32、常；岂止(后跟形容词、副词等)not more than不多于；不超过；至多no more than仅仅；只不过(1)She was more worried than angry when her daughter didnt go home.女儿没回家时，与其说她生气倒不如说她担心。翻译句子(2)Fishing is more than an sport；its an art.钓鱼不只是一项运动，它是一门艺术。(3)Id be more than grateful if you could accept my invitation.如果你能接受我的邀请我会非常感激。联想发散含than的短语还有：other than除了；rather than 而不是；less than不到；少于