人教九年级英语第十二单元知识点总结.doc
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1、人教版九年级英语第十二单元知识点总结Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.一 单词unexpected by the time backpack oversleep give sb a lift block in line with worker stare disbelief above burn burning alive airplane till west cream workday pie show up bean market by the end of fool costume embarrassed costume party annou
2、nce spaghetti hoax sell out discovery lady cancel officer believable disappear embarrassing本单元语法:过去完成时。过去完成时表示在过去某一时间点以前即“过去的过去”已经发生的动作。Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。 过去完成时的结构是:肯定由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成 否定式:had not + 过
3、去分词 缩写形式:hadnt 过去完成时的时间状语: 表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语。 We had finished our homework before 10 oclock. 可能通过when, before等引导的从句表示。 When I got there, the train had left. 过去某一时间通过上下文来表示。 Kate hadnt studied hard, so she didnt pass the exam yesterday. 二 adj. 出乎意料的;始料不及的the unexpected “意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”。the ad
4、j.表示一类人或事物。the homeless (无家可归者) the disabled(残疾人)the wounded(战争中受伤的人)the injured(事故中受伤的人)2. by the time+时间状语从句(1) 时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时时(表示将来),主句用将来完成时;(2) 时间状语从句是一般过去式时,主句用过去完成时。by the end of +时间点(1)+过去的时间点,主句用过去完成时;(2)+将来的时间点,主句用将来完成时;by+时间点(1)+现在的时间点,主句用现在完成时;(2)+过去的时间点,主句用过去完成时;(3)+将来的时间点,主句用将来完成时。By
5、the time you came back, I had finished this book. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for Beijing.By the end of last year, I had stayed in Xinzheng for seven years.By now, I have finished all my homework. =sleep late v 睡过头sleep slept slept oversleepoversleptoversleptWhat happened ? I
6、 _. A. oversleep B. oversleeped C. Overslept sb. a lift =give sb. a ride / give a ride to sb. “捎某人一程”,The poor old woman was standing in the middle of the road and asked someone to _.A. give him a ride B. give her a ride C. enjoy a ride D. accept a ride 与forget的用法: (1) leave “ 遗留,落下,忘记带”,侧重指把某物或某人留在
7、某个地方,后常跟地点状语;(2)forget “ 忘记”,侧重指忘记某件事情,后常跟to do (忘了要去做)或doing (忘了做过)。 leave left left v 离开 (1)leave sth +地点 把某物遗忘在某地 (2)leave for +地点 离开去某地 (3) leave a message 留言 ask for leave 请假 leave school (中学) 毕业 (4)leave one by oneself=leave sb alone 把某人单独留下 的特殊用法“这时,突然”,用于四种结构1)be doing sth.when I was thinkin
8、g of this when I heard my name called.2)be on the point of doing sth.whenShe was on the point of going out when the telephone rang3)be about to do sth.when We were about to start when it began to rain. 4).sb. had hardly/scarcely/barely done sth. when We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang. 另
9、:be about to 忙于;即将做某事。侧重于表示动作马上就要发生,常与when引导的从句连用,但不与具体的时间状语连用。 7. be full of = be filled with充满,装满The basket is full of apples.=The basket is filled with apples. back to school 意为“回到学校” 1)get back to 后接表地点的名词,意为“回到某地”; 2)get back to 后面接人,可引申为“回复某人的信件,电子邮件,电话”等 ;3)get back 还可表示“ 回来,返回,拿回,取回”等含义。 ala
10、rm clock didnt go off! go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响 The alarm went off just now. go over 复习 go away 离开 go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步 go on 继续go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳 out 冲出去,冲出 wait in line with 意为“与排队等候”stand in line 站成一排cut in line 插队 stare at 凝视 in disbelief 不相信 turn into 变成l
11、and on 意为“着陆;降落于”be late for迟到go off发出响声keep doing sth 一直做.wake up 醒来 if / even though/ though 三者都可以引导让步状语从句。Even if =even though“即使、纵然”引出的从句叙述的是假设或把握很大的事情though“虽然”,引出的从句叙述的是事实。I will try even if I may fail. Though it was very late, he went on working. 注 though 和but 不能同时出现在句中。 1)prep(表示位置)在正上方;(与 b
12、elow相对)The moon is now above the trees.2)prep表示在地位、级别、能力、资历、重要性等方面“超过”He is above me in every way. 3) adv. “在上面; 在上文”。See the examples given above., living, live与livelylively1)live“活着的”,通常指物,不指人,常用来作定语放名词的前面。还指“实况转播的”。例如: alivefish一条活鱼。 Doyoulikealiveshoworarecordedshow? 2)living意为“活着”强调说明“尚在人间”,“健在
13、”,可用来指人或物,作定语或表语。例如:.Myfirstteacherisstillliving. Englishisalivinglanguage. Alivinglanguageshouldbelearnedthroughlisteningandspeaking. Heisregardedasoneofthebestlivingwritersatpresent.注意:living前加上the,表示类别,指“活着的人们”。例如: Thelivingmustfinishtheworkofthosedead. living还可用于短语,例如:makealiving谋生。 3)alive意为“活着
14、”,侧重说明生与死之间的界限(本来会死但没有死),既可指人,也可指物;可用来作表语,后置定语或宾补。例如: Thebadlywoundedsoldierwasstillalivewhen he wastakentothehospital. Heisdead,buthisdogisstillalive. Hewantedtokeepthefishalive.This is a fish alive.4)lively则意为“活泼的”,“活跃”,“充满生气的”,可作定语、表语或宾补,既可指人,又可指物。例如: Jennyisalivelygirl.Everythingislivelyhere.这儿一
15、切都生机勃勃。 Hehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting. live物定语现场的living人/物定语、表语make a living/the livingalive人/物后置定语、表语、宾补生与死的界限lively人/物定语、表语、宾补生气勃勃的,无活着的意思1). Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest writer. He is still .A. living; alive B. living; living C. alive; living D. alive; livel
16、y 2).Is his grandmother still ?Yes, she is 102 years old!A. live B. living C. alive D. Lively off 在此句中意为“起飞”,off 在此为副词表示“离开;走开”。take off 也有“脱下”之意,此时 off 为介词,后可直接跟宾语。Take off your s hot outside.脱下你的外套,外面炎热。15. The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day. till 意为“到,直到”,相当于until. 用于肯定
17、句时, 主句的动词只用延续性的,它所表示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止,意为“直到为止”。 She watched TV till her mother came back 用于否定句时,主句的动词一般是非延续性的,也可以是延续性的,它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生,意为“直到(才)”。She didnt watch TV till her mother came back. April Fools Day 愚人节 make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人 v 使尴尬embarrassed adj. 尴尬的(用来修饰人)embarrassing
18、 adj. 令人难堪的(修饰物) sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地 up 出席 on show =on display 展览 show off 炫耀 show sb. around 带某人参观show sb. sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 tricks on sb. 捉弄某人play jokes on sb.对某人开玩笑 laugh at 嘲笑make fun of 取笑Its impolite to laugh at, stare at or play _on disabled people A. fun
19、B. jokes C. tricks D. parts 21. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy buy as much as spaghetti as they could. as +形容词/副词的原级+ as sb. can / could = as + 形容词/副词原级+ as possible. We must do everything as possible. = We must do everything as well as we can. out 卖光 (用物作主语时,常用于被动语态 be sold out)
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