（英语）高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析.doc

1、【英语】高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 To eat only a vegan（素食的） diet might sound difficult, especially with many popular dishes containing meat or other animal products. Yet in 2017, veganism was described as “the fastest - growing lifestyle movement” in the UK, according to BBC news. A study by a UK ma

2、rket research organization, suggests that over 542,000 Brits went vegan during the previous decade, an increase of 360%. And the main force behind this increase was those aged 15-34 years old 42% of recent vegans fall under that age range. So why exactly has veganism become so popular among young Br

3、its? One reason could be that many young people want to protect the environment, as less meat consumption is known to be beneficial to the environment. Global meat manufacturing is believed to cause 18% of the worlds greenhouse gas emissions（排放）, even more than that of all the worlds cars, trains an

4、d planes combined. Another reason is that many of todays young people believe that its wrong to kill animals to be used as food. Jess Murray, 22, a student at University College London, said that he chose to become vegan after realizing that eating animals is a choice that people make, rather than s

5、omething that we need to do to survive. “Becoming vegan was an ethical (道德的) decision,” he told the Guardian. Social media is also believed to have given rise to the increase in veganism. Platforms such as Facebook allow young vegans to connect with each other much easier, while others such as Insta

6、gram have led to the creation of “vegan celebrities (名人)”, who share lips on vegan lifestyles. Despite the rising of veganism, Laura Wyness, an expert in diet and nutrition, said that meat is very important for peoples health. “A strict vegan diet makes it difficult to get some minerals and vitamins

7、 that your body needs,” Wyness told BBC news. However, the popularity of veganism doesnt seem to be fading. “It feels more like this is something that is sticking.” said an expert of the Vegan Society, a UK charity that promotes veganism.（1）What can we learn about veganism, “the fastest-growing life

8、style movement” in UK? A.It has created many popular dishes.B.It is backed up mainly by old people.C.It has led to further market research.D.It has grown steeply in the past 10 years.（2）The following may account for the increase in veganism EXCEPT . A.Young people prefer an environment-friendly life

9、.B.Young people want to become ethical celebrities.C.Meal manufacturing contributes a lot to the worlds greenhouse gas.D.Social media allow the vegan message to spread quickly around.（3）The underlined word “sticking” in the Iasi paragraph is equal to in meaning. A.importantB.specialC.lastingD.impres

10、sive（4）Which of the following will serve as the best title of the passage? A.Young Brits Going VeganB.Veganism Comes FirstC.How to Start a Vegan LifestyleD.Veganism and the Environment【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，过去的十年里素食主义在英国增长迅猛。这一增长的主要力量是那些年龄在15-34岁之间的年轻人。其原因可能是由于肉类加工排放的热量大过世界上所有的汽车

11、，火车和飞机的总和，他们认为杀死动物用作食物是不对，年轻人想要保护环境。另外社会媒体的参与也导致了年轻的素食者的增加。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A study by a UK market research organization, suggests that over 542,000 Brits went vegan during the previous decade, an increase of 360%.”可知，英国市场研究表明，在过去的十年里，素食主义者的人数增长了360%，增长迅猛。”故选D。 (2)考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Becoming vegan was

12、an ethical (道德的) decision,”他们认为素食是道德上的决定，及第六段可知，社交媒体也被认为导致了素食主义的增加的原因之一，因而出现了一些所谓的素食名人来分享他们的生活方式，可知素食主义者的增加不是因为他们想成为道德名人，而是分享素食主义让他们成为“名人”，这不是素质快速发展的原因，因此选B。(3)考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“ the popularity of veganism doesnt seem to be fading. It feels more like this is something that is sticking.”根据转折连词however 可知

13、，前后两句意义是相反的。前面说“素食主义的流行似乎并没有消退”，因此可推断出后一句是反而会持续下去。故sticking意为”持续”，可知， lasting“持久的，持续的”符合题意，故选C。(4)考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述过去的十年里素食主义在英国增长迅猛。这一增长的主要力量是那些年龄在15-34岁之间。素食主义在英国的年轻人中非常流行的原因可能是年轻人想要保护环境，社会媒体的参与也导致了素食者的增加。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳

14、，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Basic information about three classical movies 1 Forrest Gump Stupid is as stupid does, says Forrest Gump (played by Tom Hanks in an Oscar-winning performance) as he discusses his relative level of intelligence with a stranger while waiting for a bus. Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump

15、leads a truly charmed life, with a ringside seat for many of the most memorable events of the second half of the 20th century. (Click here to show more) Rating: PG-13 (Under 13 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian) Genre: Comedy, Drama, Romance Directed By: Robert Zemeckis Written By: Eric

16、 Roth In Theaters: Jul 6, 1994 Wide On Disc/Streaming: Aug 28, 2001 Box Office： $ 330,000,000 Runtime: 142 minutes Studio: Paramount Pictures 2 Rain Man Self-centered, avaricious Californian Charlie Babbitt (Tom Cruise) is informed that his long-estranged father has died. Expecting at least a portio

17、n of the elder Babbitts $ 3 million estate, Charlie learns that all hes inherited is his dads prize roses and a 1949 Buick Roadmaster. Discovering that the $ 3 million is being held in trust for an unidentified party, Charlie heads to his home town of Cincinnati to ascertain who that party is(Click

18、here to show more) Rating: R(Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian) Genre: Drama Directed By: Barry Levinson Written By: Ronald Bass, Barry Morrow, David Rayfiel, Barry Levinson In Theaters: Dec 16, 1988 Wide On Disc/Streaming: Jan 1, 2000 Runtime: 133 minutes Studio: MGM 3 The Sha

19、wshank Redemption In 1946, a banker named Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) is convicted of a double murder, even though he stubbornly proclaims his innocence. Hes sentenced to a life term at the Shawshank State Prison in Maine, where another lifer, Ellis Red Redding (Morgan Freeman), picks him as the new

20、 recruit most likely to crack under the pressure. But. (Click here to show more) Rating: R (Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian) Genre: A Prison Drama Directed By: Frank Darabont Written By: Frank Darabont In Theaters: Sep 10, 1994 Wide On Disc/Streaming: Jan 27, 1998 Runtime: 14

21、2 minutes Studio: Columbia Pictures（1）Who is the director of Rain Man? A.Frank Darabont.B.Barry Morrow.C.Barry Levinson D.Robert Zemeckis.（2）The type of The Shawshank Redemption is . A.prison dramaB.romanceC.loveD.comedy（3）Which of the following persons is regarded to be unintelligent in the three m

22、ovies? A.Andy Dufresne.B.Charlie Babbitt.C.Forrest Gump.D.Rain Man.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了三部经典电影的基本情况。这三部电影是阿甘正传、雨人和肖申克的救赎。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Rain Man部分中的“Directed By: Barry Levinson”可知，Rain Man的导演是Barry Levinson。故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据The Shaw shank Redemption部分中的“Genre: A Prison Drama，”可知，The S

23、haw shank Redemption电影的体裁是A Prison Drama监狱剧，故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据 Forrest Gump部分中的Stupid is as stupid does,says Forrest Gump . Despite his sub-normal IQ, Gump leads a truly charmed life.“傻人有傻福”阿甘（Forrest Gump）的饰演者汤姆汉克斯说.。尽管他(阿甘)的智商低于正常水平，阿甘过着一种真正令人神往的生活。可知，阿甘的智力不高，所以不聪明。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读

24、，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Most people know that listening to music when they are feeling down or depressed can encourage their spirits. However studies have also shown that music, especially certain tones can reduce stress. Music can change brainwave patterns, deepen breathing, and bring

25、on a totally stress-free and more open mindset（心态）. Using music to relax when considering a particular problem may not only raise your mood, but also could help you reach that a-hamoment and find a solution. Music has also been shown not only to make you feel good, but also, to be a great motivator.

26、 For example, during exercise, listening to music can keep you going, or get you to exercise more by helping you to ignore negative feelings of tiredness and focus on the pleasurable feelings you get from being absorbed in the music. Music is mainly used to record emotion. When we listen to a piece

27、of music we share the artists feelings on a visceral（本来的）level. That can be sad, and who among us hasnt put on a painful love song to share in the misery after a bad break-up? On the contrary, we can share in the delight of songs of joy and happiness, or any song or piece of music that reminds us of

28、 a particular happy time in our past. So next time you are feeling down, put on Beethoven s Ode to Joy, I bet you will feel a lot better about whatever it was that was bothering you! （1）We can infer from the first paragraph that music can A.benefit you in many waysB.promote you to find more question

29、sC.change the patterns of your lifestyleD.influence your attention to a problem（2）The author wrote the second paragraph mainly to A.tell us a storyB.make some commentsC.give us an exampleD.list some facts（3）When we enjoy a piece of sad music, A.well share the artists feelings deeplyB.we may recall o

30、ur miserable pastC.we may be reminded of particular joyD.well show mercy on the artists life（4）Whats the best title of the text? A.What music means to a music loverB.Why people love happy musicC.What kind of music is popularD.How music changes your life【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了音乐怎样

31、改变人们的生活。（1）考查推理判断题。根据第一段Most people know that listening to music when they are feeling down or depressed can encourage their spirits.可知音乐对我们有积极的作用，故答案选A。（2）考查主旨大意题。通读第二段主要将了音乐能缓解人的紧张，接着通过举例的方法来证明这一观点，所以这一段主要是在举例。故答案选C。（3）考查推理判断题。根据第四段Music is mainly used to record emotion. When we listen to a piece

32、of music we share the artists feelings on a visceral（本来的）level. That can be sad, and who among us hasnt put on a painful love song to share in the misery after a bad break-up?可知音乐是用来记录情感的，听悲伤的音乐可以让人回忆起悲伤的经历。故答案选B。（4）考查主旨大意题。根据每一段的第一句话music, especially certain tones can reduce stress；Music has also b

33、een shown not only to make you feel good, but also, to be a great motivator.；Music is mainly used to record emotion.可知文章主要讲述了音乐对人的影响，故答案选D。【点评】主旨大意题解题技巧：1首先要找出文章的主题句(Topic Sentence)，即中心思想，其他句子则为支撑句或扩展句(Developing Details)，是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的。2在许多文段中，没有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成

34、一般概念。但必须注意：既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。4阅读理解 Resorts of every kind have sprung up to cater to the Englishman need to spend a part of the year, however briefly, by the seaside. No town in Britain is more than eighty miles from the sea and there are seaside resorts all around the coast. On a summer Sund

35、ay most of the roads that lead to the sea axe congested with cars full of people eager to get a breath of sea air. In the evening when everyone is full of food, ice-cream and lollypops, there is the long slow drive home on roads crowded with returning cars. Brighton Brighton is one of the best-known

36、 south coast resorts and is very popular for day trip excursions. It is only fifty miles from London and can be reached by fast train in an hour. At the weekend the pebbled beaches are thronged with people sunbathing or picking their way to the waters edge for a dip. Bournemouth Located a hundred mi

37、les from London, the beaches are wide and sandy. White Houses line the cliff tops and narrow valleys, densely wooded with pine trees, reach down to the shore. The area near to the town of Torquay on the Devon coast is sometimes called Britains Riviera and the climate is so mild that palm trees grow

38、along the sea front. Blackpool On the north-west coast, a popular resort for the people in the industrial north, Blackpool is a gay, noisy town, famous for its amusement facilities and the magical lights. At night people travel from miles around to see the extravaganza of lights decorating the sea f

39、ront. Southend On the east coast at the mouth of the Thames, Southend is, like Brighton, one of the favorite resorts of Londoners. The pier here is the longest in Britain and offers a great variety of differing entertainments.（1）Why do people often have a long slow drive home on roads in summer? A.B

40、ecause it is extremely far from the sea.B.Because people are full of food, ice-cream and lollypops.C.Because too many returning cars often make a traffic jam.D.Because people are attracted in the resorts so they leave slowly.（2）Which resort is famous for its entertainments and grand lights? A.Blackp

41、ool.B.Bournemouth.C.Briton.D.Southend.（3）Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.There are palm trees growing near Bournemouth.B.Southend has the longest pier in Britain.C.People crowded into the waters edge at Briton for a quick swim.D.Southend is a better preferred resort than Briton by L

42、ondon locals.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了不列颠海岸线上4个供英国人在海滩度过每年的大量时间的度假胜地。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In the evening when everyone is full of food, ice-cream and lollypops, there is the long slow drive home on roads crowded with returning cars.”可知因为返程车辆致使路上拥堵，人们装满食物慢慢开车回家。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据Blackpool 部分中的

43、“On the north-west coast, a popular resort for the people in the industrial north, Blackpool is a gay, noisy town, famous for its amusement facilities and the magical lights. ”可知Blackpool以其娱乐设施和奇妙壮丽的灯光而著名。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据Southend 部分中的“On the east coast at the mouth of the Thames, Southend is, like B

44、righton, one of the favorite resorts of Londoners.”可知Southend和Brighton同样都是伦敦人最爱去的地方。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 In Shanghais Grand Theater, a fashionable, mainly young audience applauds enthusiastically as Guo Yong takes center stage. He holds a l

45、arge bushy tree branch with leaves. Blowing on one of the leaves, he produces a sound like the singing of birds as he plays a traditional Buyi folk song. Some other musicians are also playing the traditional instruments from various ethnic groups in China. Its the first time such music has ever been

46、 performed in the Grand Theater. But all this is the efforts of Zhu Zheqin, a Cantonese-born singer; who has made it her mission to help preserve Chinas traditional ethnic music. Several years ago, after being appointed a United Nations Development Program ambassador, Zhu traveled through some of Chinas re