人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit9知识点总结及练习.doc

1、2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit 9 Have you ever been to museum?语言知识点：1. invent（1）invent 作动词，意为“发明；创造”。例如：Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了电灯。（2）invent还可以表示“虚构”。例如：The whole story was invented. 整个故事是虚构的。（3）invent的名词形式有两个，一个是inventor（发明者；发明家），另一个是invention（发明物）。例如：Edison is a great inventor in history. 爱迪

2、生是历史上伟大的发明家。Human history is also a history of great inventions. 人类的历史也是一个伟大发明的历史。【拓展】invent和discover的辨析：（1）invent 意为“发明，发明之物”指“从无到有”。例如：Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 亚历山大格雷厄姆贝尔在1876年发明了电话。（2）discover 意为“发现”，指“本来就已经存在，但不为人知”的事物。例如：Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布在1492

3、年发现了美洲。2. unbelievableunbelievable作形容词，意为“难以置信的；不真实的”，是由believable“可相信的；可信任的”加否定前缀un-派生而来的。其动词形式为believe，意为“相信；以为”。例如：Its unbelievable that you are a writer. 我难相信你是一个作家。【拓展】un-是个前缀，意为“不”。例如：happy“高兴的” unhappy“不高兴的”；lucky“幸运的” unlucky“不幸的”；important“重要的” unimportant；“不重要的”；healthy“健康的” unhealthy“不健康的

4、”。3. encourageencourage 作动词，意为“鼓励”。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”。例如： The teacher often encourages us to study hard. 老师经常鼓励我们要努力学习。 My mother encouraged me to enter the contest. 妈妈鼓励我参加那场比赛。【拓展】（1）encourage sb. in sth. 意为“在方面鼓励/助长某人”。例如： Dont encourage him in laziness. 别助长他的懒惰行为。（2）encouragemen

5、t是encourage的名词形式，意为“鼓舞/鼓励”。例如： The teachers words were a great encouragement to him. 老师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。4. collectcollect作及物动词，意为“收集，搜集”。例如：collect stamps 收集邮票 collect coins 收集硬币【拓展】collection作名词，意为“收藏品、收集物”。是动词collect 的名词形式，是由动词collect后缀tion变化来的。 collector 作名词，意为“收藏家”。例如：These are my collections. 这些是我的收藏

6、品。My brother has a very good collection of stamps. 我的弟弟收集了许多邮票。Mark is a famous stamp collector. Mark是一位著名的邮票收藏家。5. a couple ofa couple of意为“少数；几个”。例如：He bought a couple of books for his daughter.他为他的女儿买了几本书。【拓展】 a couple of还可意为“一双；一对”。例如：I found a couple of socks in the room but they did not make a

7、 pair.我在房间里找到两只袜子，但他们不是一双。6. thousands ofthousand是数词，意为“千”，当表示具体的“几千”时，用“基数词 + thousand”，注意不加-s。例如： There are six thousand students in the city. 这个城市有6000名学生。【拓展】（1）thousands of 表示“数千，成千上万的”这时thousand后要加-s，且后面有介词of，但是不能与数词连用。例如：There are thousands of people on the square. 在广场上有成千上万的人。（2）表示数词的还有hundr

8、ed“百”，million“百万”，billion“十亿”。它们的用法和thousand一样，可以用来表示约数和确数。7. whetherwhether常引导宾语从句，表示“是否”之意。当把一般疑问句的直接引语转化成间接引语时，常用if或whether作引导词。例如： I asked her, “Do you study English here?” 我问她：“你在这里学习英语吗？” I asked her if/ whether she studied English there. 我问她是否在那里学习英语。【拓展】if和whether的辨析： if和whether均可表示“是否”，一般情况

9、下二者可以互换。但在下列条件下，只能用whether而不能用if： （1）if后不能直接接or not。 （2）whether可作介词的宾语。 （3）whether后可接不定式。 （4）whether可用于句首。（5）whether可引导主语从句、表语从句。例如：Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切都取决于我们是否有足够的钱。Whether it is right or wrong, I dont know. 正确与否，我不知道。It doesnt matter whether he will come or not. 他

10、来不来没关系。8. mostlymostly作副词，意为“主要地；通常 ”。例如：He reads the occasional book, but mostly just magazines. 他偶尔也看书，但大多只看杂志。 Lizards live mostly in warm climates. 蜥蜴主要生长在气候温暖的地方。 He works mostly in London office. 他通常在伦敦办事处工作。词汇精练I. 英汉短语互译。1take the subway _2by bike_3have a great time _4take a holiday _5go skat

11、ing _6各种各样的_7在将来_8鼓励某人做某事_9一方面另一方面_10数以千计的_II. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1Do you know who d_ America? Columbus(哥伦布)2Autumn is the third s_ of the year3The t_ is very high todayYou shouldnt wear so many clothes4David is a _(勇敢的) boy5How many _(狐狸) can you see in the picture?6His son is _(醒着的) at seven every mor

12、ning7The p_ of our city is larger than before8Now more and more people like to learn _(自然的) science in ChinaIII. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1The book _(it) is so perfect that everybody likes it2We are satisfied with their _(perform)3Lilys father has large _(collect) of old coins4I met some _(German) on my way h

13、omeThey asked me the way to the museum5I think the car is one of the best _(invent) in our life6She has an _(usual) experience in the countryside7The old man wanted to move to a _(peace) place8The news spread _(rapid) from mouth to mouth9Her _(society) life got in the way of her study10Nobody believ

14、es the storyI think soI think its _(believe)【参考答案】I. 英汉短语互译。1乘地铁 2骑自行车 3玩得开心 4度假 5去滑冰6different kinds of/a variety of 7in the future 8encourage sb. to do sth9on (the) one hand.on the other hand. 10thousands of II. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成单词。1discovered 2season 3temperature 4brave5foxes 6awake 7population 8natur

15、alIII. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。1itself 2performance 3collection 4Germans 5inventions6unusual 7peaceful 8rapidly 9social 10unbelievable句式精讲1. Ive never been camping.“have+been+现在分词”为现在完成进行时结构。表示从过去某一时刻一直延续至今的动作。在句中，说话人使用这一时态来强调自己从未有过野营的经历，欠缺这方面经验。例如：Ive been cleaning the house but I still havent finished.我一直在

16、打扫屋子，但我仍然没有做完。I have been working for 12 hours. 我已经工作了12小时了。（刚结束了工作，或者还正在做并将继续）。2. I wonder how much more computers will be able to do in the future.wonder作及物动词，意为“想知道；对感到怀疑”，常见的用法有： （1）后接who，what，why，where 等引导的宾语从句。 I wonder who she is. 我想知道她是谁。She wondered what the child was doing. 她感到疑惑，孩子究竟在干什么。

17、 I wonder why Ann is late. 我想知道安为什么迟到了。I wonder where they have gone. 我想知道他们去哪儿了。（2）后接 that 引导的宾语从句，表示“对感到惊讶”， that常可省去。 I wonder (that) she has won the race. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。（3）后接 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句，常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。She wondered whether you were free that morning. 她想知道你那天上午是否有空。I wonder if he will suc

18、ceed. 我不知道他会不会成功。3. Lets go to one tomorrow.let意为“让，允许”， 表示 “让（允许）某人做某事”应该说“let sb. do sth.”，不能说“let sb. to do sth.”。例如：Let me help you. 让我帮助你。His mother doesnt let him go out at night. 他母亲不让他晚上出去。lets是表示建议或请求的祈使句句型，lets是let us的缩写形式。例如：Lets go to school. 咱们上学吧。Lets play basketball after school. 咱们放学

19、后打篮球吧。【拓展】lets 与let us在用法上略有区别。在表示向对方提出建议，涉及双方的共同行为时，let us可以缩写成lets；而表示请求对方允许做某事，不涉及对方行为时，let us不能缩写成lets。例如：Lets (=Let us) play sports. 咱们做运动吧。Let us know your telephone number. 请把你的电话号码告诉我们。（Let us 不能缩写成Lets）【注意】以Lets开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的附加疑问句用“shall we？”，因为Lets是把说话人包含在内了；以Let us开头的句子改为反意疑问句的时候，后面的

20、附加疑问句用“will you?”， 因为Let us不包括对方。4. Its really interesting, isnt it?Its really interesting, isnt it?是反意疑问句，表示对陈述句所说的事实提出相反的疑问，要求对方用yes或no来进行回答。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述句，后一部分是疑问句，疑问句是由be，have，助动词或情态动词后接主语构成。如果陈述句是肯定结构，反意疑问句须用否定结构；反之，陈述句如果是否定结构，反意疑问句须用肯定结构。反意疑问句的两部分，必须保持人称和时态的一致。例如：He is old, isnt he? 他老了，

21、不是吗？He never went there, did he? 他从没有去过那里，是吗？无论哪种形式的反意疑问句，回答时要遵循：“Yes,后接肯定式”或者“No,后接否定式”。例如：The girl is helping her mother with the housework, isnt she? 那个女孩正在帮妈妈做家务,不是吗？Yes, she is. 是的，她在帮。No, she isnt. 不，她没有帮。5. The tea art performances show how to make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets

22、.how to make a perfect cup of tea是“特殊疑问词动词不定式”，在句子中作动词show的宾语。相当于特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：I dont know what to do =I dont know what I can do next. 我不知道下一步做什么。【拓展】疑问词what，which，how，where，when等可以和动词不定式连用，构成不定式短语。“疑问词动词不定式”可以做主语、宾语、表语等。例如：When to start off hasnt been decided yet. 什么时候出发还没决定。（做主语）The question is

23、which bus to take. 问题是乘哪辆公共汽车。（做表语）“疑问词动词不定式”可以由名词从句简化而来。I dont know what I should say. I dont know what to say.我不知道该说些什么。或if/whether()句式精练I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1Mary hasnt been to DalianI havent been to Dalian，either(改为同义句) _ Mary _ I _ been to Dalian2Tom is the tallest boy in his class(改为同义句) Tom is t

24、aller than _ _ _ in his class3Linda hasnt been to WuhanI havent been there, either(改为同义句) Linda hasnt been to Wuhan_ _4Shes been to Qingdao twice(对划线部分提问) _ _ _ has she been to Qingdao?5They have cleaned the classroom(改为否定句) They _ _ the classroom6Has your brother finished his homework? (作肯定回答) Yes，

25、_ _II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。1四分之三以上的人口是中国人。 More than _ of the population are Chinese2你将毫不费力地找到米饭、面条或饺子。 You wont have any _ _ rice，noodles or dumplings3我不知道你是否喜欢印度食品。 I dont know _ you like Indian food.4天黑的时候去动物园或许很奇怪。 It _ _ _ to go to a zoo when its dark5你可以选择在你喜欢的任何时间去那里。 You can choose to go _ _ _6如果你不去

26、买东西，我也不去。 If you dont go shopping，_ _ _7许多孩子已经听说那部电影了。 Lots of children have _ _ that movie already8我常看见他们在家写作业。 I often _ _ _their homework at home9这本字典比其他的字典贵很多。 This dictionary is more expensive than _ _ _10在博物馆有那么多好看的东西。 Theres _ _ _ to see in the museumIII. 语法专练：句型转化。1I havent washed the clothe

27、s. Neither has she. (改为同义句) I havent washed the clothes. She _ _.2She has already finished the homework. (改为否定句) She _ _ the homework _.3Both of them have visited Mount Huang. (改为否定句) _ _ them _ visited Mount Huang.4Neither this answer nor that one is right. (改为同义句) _ _ the answer _ right.5He has ne

28、ver been to New York. I have never been there, either. (改为同义句) He has never been to New York, and _ _ I.IV. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。A. I wish I will go there with you that day.B. But I have never been to an amusement park.C. Where will you go?D. We have no time now.E. How much is the ticket?A: Have you ever

29、 been to an aquarium? B: Yes, I have. I went there last year. _1_A: Neither have I. I want to go there. I want to go to the space museum, too.B: I havent ever been to the space museum, either. My father said he would take me there one day.A: How lucky you are! _2_B: I wish, too. I believe we will ha

30、ve a great time there.A: Yes. Now its getting late. _3_B: I want to see a film in the theater now.A: I want to go, too. _4_B: Twenty yuan. _5_ Lets go.【参考答案】I. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1Neither；nor；have2any other boy/the other boys3Me neither4How many times5havent cleaned6he hasII. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。1three quarters

31、2problem getting3whether/if4might seem strange5whenever you like6neither will I7heard of8see them do9any other onedictionary或the other dictionaries10so much funIII. 语法专练：句型转化。1hasnt either2hasnt finished; yet3Neither of; has4Neither of; is5neither haveIV. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。1-5：BACEDUnit 9 Have you eve

32、r been to museum?【巩固练习】I. 单项选择。1How do you go to school every day，by bike or by bus? _I go to school on foot ABoth BEither CNone DNeither2_ of the students in our school have seen the film AThird quarters BThree quarter CA three quarter DThree quarters3Please be quietI have _ to tell you Aimportant

33、anything Bimportant something Csomething important Danything important4He can hardly speak English，_? Acan he Bcant he Cdoes he Ddoesnt he5They gave away _ books to our school last year Athousand of Btwo thousands Cthousands of Dtwo thousand of6Ive never seen _ bird before Aso a beautiful Bsuch a be

34、autiful Cso beautiful Dsuch beautiful7You can come and play with me _ youre free Awhatever Bwherever Chowever Dwhenever8We didnt have any problems _ the bookstore Afinding Bfind Cto find Dfound9I want to know _ Awhere does he live Bhow old is he Cwhat he is doing Dhow soon will he come back10Look! C

35、an you see the children _ in the park?Abe playing Bplaying Cto play Dplay11Have you _ visited the old house by the river?No，_Aever；ever Bever；never Cnever；ever Dnever；never12_ your sister _ Hainan Island?Yes，she said it is a wonderful placeADid；go BWill；go CHas；gone to DHas；been to13_ have you staye

36、d in this city?For about five yearsAHow long BHow far CHow soon DHow often14I like traveling and I want to find a job _ a tour guideAas Bfor Cunder Dat15I need to _ English well if I want to be a flight attendantI think Mr. Smith can _ you some easy ways to improve your English better and fasterAspe

37、ak；tell Bspeak；say Csay；tell Dsay；talk toII. 完形填空。That day was like any other day in his life. After school Michael walked past the shop in the street corner. He stopped to_l_the front row of shoes, and he felt sorry for himself. He_2_wanted to have a pair of shoes for his birthday.He walked away sa

38、dly and thought of what to tell his mother. He knew she would give him _3_if she could. But he also knew very well she had _4_money. He decided not to go home _5_, as he looked worried and his mother would notice it. So he went to the park and sat down on the grass. Then he saw a boy in a wheel chai

39、r. He noticed that the boy moved the wheels with his hands. Michael looked at him carefully and was _6_to see that the boy had no feet. He looked _7_at his own feet. “It is _8_better to be without shoes than _9_feet.” he thought. There was no reason for him to _l0_so sorry and sad. He went away and

40、smiled, thinking he was more lucky in his life.1.A. see B. look atC. hear D. notice2.A. gladlyB. nearly C. really D. quickly3.A. something B. what C. nothingD. anything4.A. littleB. a little C. much D. lots of5.A. at once B. then C. just now D. at all6.A. pleased B. excitedC. surprisedD. interested7

41、.A. upB. throughC. outD. down8.A. muchB. stillC. even D. less9.A. out ofB. with C. withoutD. having no10. A look B. feel C. appear D. seemIII. 阅读理解。AMr. and Mrs. Turner live outside a small town. They have a big farm and they are always busy working on it. Their son, Peter, studied at a middle schoo

42、l. The young man studied hard and did well in his lessons. It made them happy.Last month Peter finished middle school and passed the entrance examination (升学考试). Mrs. Turner was very happy and told the farmers about it.Yesterday morning the woman went to the town to buy something for her son. On the bus she told one of her friends how clever and able her son was. She spoke very loudly. All the people in the bus began to listen to her.“Which university (大学) will y