仁爱英语八年级上unit1topic1课文知识点归纳与课堂练习.doc

1、Unit 1playing sportsTopic 1 I am going to play basketball一重点语法：一般将来时：（一）be going to 结构:表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思（be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践）。 E.g.：Im going to play footballl with my classmates this Sunday. She is going to buy a sweater for her mother. There is going to be a school s

2、ports meet next week in our school.表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。如：Look at those clouds. Its going to rain. 瞧那些乌云，就快要下雨了。 Listen to the wind! There is going to be a strom.听这风声，暴风雨快要来了。be going to+地点名词，意思是“准备去.”.E.g.: I am going to Shanghai next month. 下个月，我打算去上海。 I am going to have a walk after supper. 晚饭

3、后，我准备去散步。（二） will + 动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year)等连用。will not = wont; 缩略形式为ll. 1.表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。如：a. -Who is knocking at the door, Tom. -Ill answer it. b. -Would you like coffee or tea? -I will have a cup of tea,please. c. Dont worr

4、y. Ill help you. 2.表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。如： Im sure our team will win next time. Maybe she will go to the gym. 3.表示许诺。E.g： Ill do better next time. Ill visit you tomorrow.句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon. 否定句：I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon. 一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they

5、go to play baseball soon? 回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wont.（三）动词plan, come, go, leave, fly等表示位移的短暂性动词可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.如： The spring is coming.春天就要来了（不能翻译为春天正在来。） He is leaving for Shanghai.他就要去上海了。Leave for.动身去某地 We are going to Beijing. 我们就要去北京了。（四）if(如果)，when(当.的时候)，until (直到为止;

6、 句中动词一般为延续性动词),not.until.(直到.才.;句中动词一般为短暂性动词),as soon as(一.就.)，before(在.之前)，after(在.之后）等引导状语从句，若要表达一般将来时，该用一般现在时态表达。如: He will wait for his father until ten oclock. .He wont leave until his father comes .(五）There be 句型的一般将来时为There will be./There is /are going to be. 即：be going to/ will 要加在there.be句型

7、的中间。如：There will be a soccer game in our school tomorrow afternoon. What would you like to be after growing up?二重点词汇归纳1. during the summer holidays 在暑假期间 2. betweenand 在两者之间(三者及三者以上之间用among)3. cheer sb. on 为某人加油 cheer sb.up=make sb.happy 让某人高兴起来4. prefer doing sth.=Like doing sth =be fond of doing s

8、th/enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事5. quite a bit/a lot 很多6. plan to do sth. 计划做某事7 have abasketball game 进行一场篮球赛. have a skating club举办滑雪俱乐部8. go skating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking 去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足9. arrive in(大）/at（小）=get to =reach 到达注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/ho

9、me10. play against 与对抗/较量 play for 为.效力11. bothand. “和(两者)都”;(连接主语时,谓语动词用复数.Both Jim and I are 16 years old.） 12. leave for 动身去 leave .for .离开.去.13. the day after tomorrow 后天14.grow up长大成人，成长15.have a dream about/of.做了一个关于.的梦16. play baseball /basketball /volleyball/table tennis 打棒球/篮球/排球/乒乓球17. at

10、least 至少 at most 最多18. be good at/do well in/be strong in doing sth. =do sth. pretty well 善于做某事19. take(an active)part in =join in=be in （积极） 参加/出席某个活动join sb.in doing sth. “和某人在一起做某事” join + 组织 “加入某个组织 20. all over/around/throughoutthe world 全世界21. be good/bad for 对有益/害22. a good way to do sth. 一种做

11、某事的好方法23. make sth/sb + adj.使某物(某人)在某种状态(make. stong/sick) keep sth/sb + adj.保持某物(某人)在某种状态(keep.fit/healthy/ active/clean and fresh )24. relax oneself 放松某人自己25.give up (doing )sth.放弃(做)某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下了去做某事三课文重点句子归纳1.I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summ

12、er holidays. see sb. do sth “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程或经常反复发生； see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.如: I often see him draw pictures near the river. I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路.I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路.类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.2.I want to be a doctor when I grow up. 1

13、)want to do sth.=would like to do sth.=feel like doing sth.“想做某事” want sb. to do sth“想让某人做某事”.如：People want to live on the moon some day.人们想有一天能住在月球上。 He wants me to help him with his lessons.他想让我帮他学习功课。 2)when “当.的时候”，引导时间状语从句，若要表达一般将来时，该用一般现在时态表达。如：We will go for a picnic, when it doesnt rain tomo

14、rrow.3. Whats your favorite sport? = What sport/What kind of sports/ Which sport do you like best? 4. Which sport do you prefer，cycling or rowing? = Which sport do you like better?，cycling or rowing ? prefer“宁愿、更喜欢”，常于两者之间的选择，prefer +n./pron./doing sth./to do sth.; prefer (doing)sth.to.(doing) sth.=

15、like (doing) sth. better than (doing) sth. prefer to do sth.rather than do sth=would rather do sth, than do sth. “宁愿，不愿”，“喜欢而不喜欢”.如：Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? I prefer walking to cycling. My brother likes maths, but I prefer English.5. Do you skate much? = Do you often skate? 6. She spends

16、half an hour doing exercisein the gym every day. (=It takes her half an hour to do exercise in the gym every day.)1)exercise 表“锻炼/运动”时, 为不可数名词; 表“练习”或有定语修饰时, 为可数名词.如: He often takes/does exercise in the morning. Please do the exercises at once. Walking is good exercise. do/take exercise =do/have spo

17、rts 做运动 do morning/eye exercises 做早操/眼保健操 2）Sb. spend.(in) doing sth/on sth.某人在做某事上花费/某事上花费.It takes sb. s.t. to do sth.做某事花去某人一段时间。 Sb.pay(s) s.m. for sth. 某人为某物支付一些钱。 Sth. cost(s) sb. s.m. 某物花费某人一些钱。 Sb. buy(s) sth. for s.m. 某人买某物花了一些钱。 eg. The book cost me 100 yuan.（同义句） =I spent 100 yuan on/buyi

18、ng the book. =I paid 100 yuan for the book. =I bought the book for 100 yuan.7.They will stay in Beijing for a week(提问）. How long will they stay in Beijing?. how long “多久(时间)”; 提问 in+时间段. how soon “多久（时间）”，提问“for+段时间”；how often “多常; 多久一次”; 提问时间的频率.如：She will be back from London in a week.How soon wil

19、l she be back from London ? He plays basketball twice a week. How often does he play basketball?8.Liu Xiang is one of the fastest runners in the world. one of “之一”。常用在“one of + 最高级 +名词复数”结构中。如：Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.9.:There will be a sports meetingnext weekend.=

20、There is going to be a sports meeting this weekend.Unit1topic1课堂练习题.单项选择( )1.Do you like swimming?Yes, swimming is a good way _ fit.A.keepB.to keepC.keepingD.keeps( )2.Are you going to _ our English club?Yes, I am.A.take part in B.joinC.took part inD.joined( )3.The foreigners arrived _ Shanghai _ ni

21、ght.A.at; atB.in; atC.in; inD.at; in( )4. Xu Xia and her teammates are _ the U.S.A. next week.A.leaving forB.leave forC.toD.left( )5.Mr. Xiang is the best teacher in our school. He is good _ teaching.A.forB.toC.withD.at( )6.I want to be a doctor when I _.A.grow upB.talk aboutC.get upD.was born( )7.I

22、 see Wei Han _ English almost every morning.A.readsB.readingC.readD.to read( )8.Which team are you going to play _ the day after tomorrow?A team from No.7 Middle School. I hope we will win.A.aboutB.withC.forD.against( )9.Sam spends two hours _ his homework every day.A.to doB.doingC.doD.does( )10.The

23、re _ an English Party in our class next week.A.is going to have B.is going to be C.will haveD.have完形填空Swimming is very popular. People like 11 in summer because water makes people feel 12 . If you like swimming but swim in a wrong place, it may be 13 . These years, a lot of people 14 when they were

24、15 themselves in the water, and most of them were students. Some people are not 16 in swimming. They often think they swim so well that 17 will happen to them in the water. Summer is here again. If you 18 swimming this summer, dont get into water when you are 19 . If there is a “No Swimming ”sign, s

25、till dont get into water. If you remember these, swimming 20 safe. Swimming is good for your health.( )11.A.boatingB.runningC.swimmingD.skating( )12.A.hotB.coolC.coldD.warm( )13.A.dangerousB.happyC.safeD.danger( )14.A.dyingB.diedC.deadD.death( )15.A.enjoyingB.enjoyedC.helpingD.helped( )16.A.careless

26、B.careC.carefulD.carefully( )17.A.nothingB.anythingC.everythingD.something( )18.A.will goB.goC.goesD.went( )19.A.aloneB.lonelyC.safeD.danger( )20.A.isB.beC.will beD.will阅读理解In almost every big university in the United States, football is a favorite sport. American football is not like soccer.Players

27、 sometimes kick(踢) the ball, but they also throw(扔) the ball and run with it. They try to take it to the other end of the field; they have four chances to move the ball ten yards(码). They can carry it or throw it. If they move it to the end of the field, they receive six points. This is called a tou

28、ch-down(持球触地).Its difficult to move the ball. Eleven men on the team try to stop the man who has the ball. If the man does not move the ball ten yards, his team kicks the ball to the other team.Thousands of people come to watch. They all yell for their favorite team. They dance and jump while they y

29、ell. Each team plays ten or eleven games each season. The season begins in September and ends in November. If a team is very good, it may play another game after the season ends. The best teams play again on January the first. Many people go to see these games and many others watch them on TV.( )21.

30、In America, football players can _.A.only kick the ballB.only throw the ball10、由于煤、石油等化石燃料消耗的急剧增加，产生了大量的二氧化碳，使空气中的二氧化碳含量不断增加，导致全球气候变暖、土壤沙漠化、大陆和两极冰川融化，给全球环境造成了巨大的压力。C.only carry the ballD.kick, throw and carry the ball13、以太阳为中心，包括围绕它转动的八大行星（包括围绕行星转动的卫星）、矮行星、小天体（包括小行星、流星、彗星等）组成的天体系统叫做太阳系。( )22.There a

31、re _ on each team.A.ten playersB.eleven playersC.twelve playersD.thirteen players17、细胞学说的建立被誉为19世纪自然科学的三大发现之一。( )23.If the man does not move the ball ten yards, his team has to _.19、夏季是观察星座的好季节，天空中有许多亮星，其中人们称之为“夏季大三角”的是天津四、织女星和牛郎星。它们分别属于天鹅座、天琴座、天鹰座。A.go homeB.carry the ball ten yards11、在淡水资源短缺的情况下，水

32、污染更给人类和其他生物造成了威胁。绝大多数的水污染都是由人类的活动引起的。C.run with itD.kick the ball to the other team21、人们发现银河系以外还有类似银河系一样庞大的恒星集团，如：仙女座星系、猎犬座星系，目前人类已发现了超过100亿个河外星系。( )24.The best teams play again _.4、咀嚼馒头的外皮也可以感觉到甜味吗？为什么？A.on ChristmasB.after the season ends19、夏季是观察星座的好季节，天空中有许多亮星，其中人们称之为“夏季大三角”的是天津四、织女星和牛郎星。它们分别属于天鹅

33、座、天琴座、天鹰座。C.on New Years DayD.on Sunday( )25.The underlined word “yell” in the passage means “_”.A.shout(喊) loudlyB.jumpC.talk loudlyD.sing18、建立自然保护区是保护生物多样性的有效方法，我国的九寨沟、长白山、四川卧龙等地都建立了自然保护区，自然保护区为物种的生存、繁衍提供了良好的场所。词汇(A)根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。10、生物学家列文虎克于1632年出生在荷兰，他制成了世界上最早的可放大300倍的金属结构的显微镜。他用自制的显微镜发现了微生物。1.

34、Lets c_ Liu Xiang on.2.Work hard, and your f_ is not a dream.3.He plays football p_ well.4.The Big Big World is a very p_ song.5.My grandma is old. There is something wrong with her h_.(B)用所给词的适当形式填空。6.I _ (grow) up in the countryside.7.Jane prefers _ (cycle).8.Running can help you keep _ (health).9.Xiao Ming broke the men 800-meter-race _ (record) at the school sports meeting. 10.Ann is going to go _ (skate) with her classmates tomorrow.