仁爱版九年级初三英语上册各单元重要知识点汇总.doc

1、仁爱版九年级初三英语上册各单元重要知识点汇总 Unit1 The Changing World Topic1 Our country has developed rapidly.【重点短语和句型】暑假过得愉快1. have a good summer holiday 回来.从2. come back from 去过3. have/has been to 去了4. have/has gone to . 再也不5. not.any more 照相6. take photos 顺便问一下7. by the way 参加8. take part in 全世界9. around/all over/thr

2、oughout the world 告诉某人关于某事10. tell sb. something about. 艰苦的生活/过着幸福11. have/live a happy/hard life 详细描述12. describe.in detail . 支持13. give support to 亲眼看见14. see.oneself 与15. keep in touch with 保持联系.遥远的16. far away . 各种各样的17. kinds/sorts of . 而且.不仅18. not only.but also 取得进步19. make progress 多于20. mor

3、e than/over 改善/迅速发展21. develop/improve rapidly 告诉某人（别）做某事22. tell sb. (not ) to do sth. 要求某人（别）做某事23. ask sb. (not ) to do sth. 为了做某事24. in order to do sth. 不得不做某事25. have to do sth. 的.对于某人来说做某事是+for sb. to do sth. 形容词Its +26. 为什么不做某事27. why not do sth. 成功地做某事28. succeed/be successful in doing sth.

4、梦想做某事29. dream about doing sth. 正在做某事/听见某人做/看见30. see/hear sb. do/doing sth. 【重点语法】 现在完成时 现在完成时的基本结构. 一 其他+动词的过去分词+have/has+肯定句：主语 其他+动词的过去分词+have/has+not+否定句：主语一般疑问句：其他+动词的过去分词+主语Have/Has+ 其他）+过去分词+主语have/has+一般疑问句（+特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 现在完成时的用法. 二 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就1. 是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强

5、调的是现在。 have already posted the photo.I 我已经邮寄出了照片。 （肯定already与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语，如 lately,neverrecently,still, before, just, , 疑问句句尾）/（否定句yet, 句句中）等。 持续到现在并现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻，2. 且有可能会继续持续下去。He has lived here since 1978. 年，一直住到现在，1978动作起始于(年以来，他一直住在这儿。1978自从 )可能还要继续住下去。 时间点或过去时的句子）连用。谓语+（,

6、since时间段）+（for此种用法常与动词必须是延续性动词。有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词： go out-be out finish-be over open-be open die-be dead buy-have fall ill-be ill come back-be back catch a cold-have a cold Topic2 The population in developing countries is growing faster.【重点短语和句型】迷路1. get lost 一些，几个2. a couple of 的发展.随着3. with the develop

7、ment of 的帮助下.在4. with the help of. 的其中之一.最/其中之一 名词复数+形容词最高级5. one of the+ 互相6. each other 给某人打电话7. call/ring sb.up 至少8. at least 某人发生某事9. sth. happen to sb. ? 某人发生某事10. What happened to sb? 发生11. take place 因为，由于12. because of 某事严格要求/对某人13. be strict with sb./in sth. 执行14. carry out . 成百上千/无数的/成千上万1

8、5. thousands/millions/hundreds of two thousand/million/hundred 16. s) 具体数字后面不加(百/百万/两千 . 一半17. half of. 三分之二18. two thirds . 短缺19. be short of 20. so far 到目前为止而闻名.因21. be known/famous for 而闻名.作为22. be known/famous as . 幸亏23. thanks to 有很长的路要走24. have a long way to go 的镇.一个叫做25. a town called. 少于26.

9、fewer than/less than 名胜古迹27. places of interest 感兴趣.对28. be interested in 29. such as . 例如 . 尝起来/摸/听/闻/看 形容词30. look/smell/sound/feel/taste+ +sb./sth 形容词31. such a/an+ 物/的人.如此带某人去某地32. take sb. to sp 赶上33. keep up with 做某事很愉快34. have fun doing sth. .有35. have a population of. 的人口有多少人口？36. Whats the

10、population of.? .想要做某事37. want to do sth. 讨厌做某事38. hate to do sth 采取措施做某事39. take measures to do sth. 时间做某事/有机会40. have(no)chance/time to do sth. 过去常常做某事41. used to do sth. 被用来做某事42. be used to do sth. 习惯做某事43. be/get used to doing sth. 方面起到显著作用.在44. work well in doing sth. 【重点语法】 already, just , ye

11、t, ever, never, recently.常用于现在完成时的时间状语：e.g. 1. I have just called you. Have you ever been to France?2. been to any European countries.No, Ive never Have you seen him yet? 3. Yes, I have seen him already. Topic3 The world has changed for the better.【重点短语】用这些钱1. with the money 为了，以致于2. so that .如此3. s

12、o.that. . 以致于事实上4. in fact/as a matter of fact 来参观5. come for a visit 在困难时6. in need 决定某事7. decide on sth. 为某人提供某物8. provide sth. for sb./provide sb. with sth. 有信心.对9. feel good about. 把某物借给某人10 lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth. 向某人借某物11. borrow sth. from sb. 与此同时12. at the same time 在电话中交谈13. talk on t

13、he phone 吸毒14. take drugs 付款15. pay for 给某人买某物16. buy sth. for sb. 在国内外17. at home and abroad 送某人去某地18. send sb. to sp. 派人去请某人19. send for sb. 目的是做某事20. aim to do sth. 决定（不）做某事21. decide(not)to do sth. 结束做某事22. finish doing 怎么样？.你觉得23. How do you like./What do you think of.? 时间做某事.某人花费24. sb.spend s

14、t.in doing sth=It takes sb.st. to do sth. 钱买.某人花费25. sb.spend some money on sth.=sb.pay some money for sth. 某物 表示后者情况与前者一样（表肯定） 主语+情态动词/助动词26. so+be/ 助动词neither/nor+be/表示后者情况与前者一样（表否定） 主语+情态动词/ 表示的确如此 情态动词/助动词+/be/主语27. so +【重点语法】 表示从过去某一时刻,引导的时间状语连用since或for现在完成时：常与1. 延续到现在。e.g. You have been in Ne

15、w York for a long time.The city has improved a lot since I came here a few years ago. :构词法2. : home +work= homework合成词 unhappyuseful, happy: use派生词 Unit2 Saving the Earth Topic1 Population causes too many problems.【重点短语】 化工厂1. chemical factory 排放到把 2. pour into 处在不好的情绪中3. in a bad mood 设法去做某事4. mana

16、ge to do sth. 有害对 be harmful to/ 5. do harm to 相当多6. quite a few 一样差.同7. no better than 公开地8. in pubic 各种各样的9. all sorts of 在许多方面10.in many ways 【重点句型】 the into water waste pouring factories chemical several are there Look, 1. streams.看，有几家化工厂正往河里排放废水。 一切已发生了变化。2. Everything has changed. ?你像这样多长时间了3

17、. How long have you been like this? 4. Im always in a bad mood because I cant stand the environment here.我的情绪总是很差因为我受不了这里的环境。 is and pollution of kind a also is noise that know people all not However, 5. harmful to humanshealth.然而，并非所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染，而且有害于人类健康。【重点语法】 直接引语和间接引语1. Granny said, “Im feeli

18、ng even worse.”Granny said that she was feeling even worse.2. “ Do you still want to live here, Granny?” the journalist asked.The journalist asked Granny if she still wanted to live there.3. “ How is the environment around this place?” the journalist asked.The journalist asked how the environment ar

19、ound that place was. Topic2 All these problems are very serious.【重点短语】 结果1. as a result 到处2. here and there 一开始3. in the beginning 处于危险中4. in danger 砍倒5. cut down 变成把6. change sth. into sth. 防止7. prevent from 温室效应8. greenhouse effect 提到9. refer to 处理10. deal with 中断12. cut off 【重点句型】 众所周知，没有人喜欢污染。1.

20、 As we know, none of us likes pollution. 人类逐渐2. Humans have come to realize the important of protecting animals. 意识到保护动物的重要性。 树木也能防风固土。3. Trees can also stop the wind blowing the earth away. 砍伐树4. Cutting down trees is harmful to human beings, animals and plants. 木对人类、动植物都有害。 我 5. Some things weve d

21、one are very good for earth while some are not good.们所做的，有些对地球很好，而有些不利。 它们也能阻止6. They can also prevent the water from washing the earth away.水土流失。 天一下雨或7. When it rains or when the wind blows, the earth is taken away. 刮风，土就会被冲走或刮走。【重点语法】 不定代词 指的是那些不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。: 定义1. something 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语

22、等。: 用法2. somebody, , 等作主语时，通常视为单数。当形容词修饰它们时，要放anything, anybody在其后。e.g. But the government has done something useful to protect the environment. Topic3 What kinds of things can we do to protect the environment?【重点短语】 而且不仅 1. not onlybut also 应该2. be supposed to 应该3. ought to 关掉4. turn off 代替5. inste

23、ad of 准时6. on time 确保7. make sure 向前推8. push forward 向下9. push down 向上拉10. pull up 【重点句型】1. For example, we should use both sides of paper and reuse plastic bags.例如，我们应该用纸的两面，并且重新使用塑料袋。 每个人都有义务那样做。2. Everyone is supposed to do that. 首先，你离开房3. First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a

24、room.间时应该随手关灯。 说起来容易做起来难。4. Easier said than done. 嗯，百说不如一做。5. Well, actions speak louder than words. 6. There will be a lot of hard work to do tomorrow, so make sure you go to bed early tonight.明天有许多繁重的活要干，今晚一定要早睡。【重点语法】并列句：由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。 简单句+并列连词+结构为：简单句 t only but also.and, or, but, whil

25、e, no常用的并列连词有：e.g. 1. The river is dirty and the temperature of the earth is rising.2. They work well, but they are slow and cant run for long. Unit3 English Around the World Topic1 English is widely spoken throughout the world.【重点词语】1. be able to=can 会,能够 迫不急待地做某事2. cant wait to do sth. 机会做某事)好(有3.

26、 have a (good) chance to do sth. 练习做某事4. practice doing sth. 制做被5. be made by 制成由be made of/from 在某地制造be made in 出差6. on business 相似和7. be similar to 翻译成把8. translateinto 有些困难/做某事没有9. have no/some trouble (in) doing sth. 间或,偶尔10. once in a while=sometimes/at times 无论何时11. whenever=no matter when 以及1

27、2. as well as 母语13. mother tongue 处于领先地位14. take the leading position 鼓励某人做某事15. encourage sb. to do sth. 号召16. call for 【重点句型】 世界上1. Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world. 数以百万的人们都喜欢迪斯尼乐园。 希望有一天我能去那儿。2. I hope I can go there one day. 英语在世界上被广泛使用。3. English is widely sp

28、oken around the world. 4. It is also spoken as a second language in many countries. 在许多国家它也被用作第二语言。 你可能会遇到一些麻烦。5. It is possible that you will have some trouble. in people most by language first the as used Its 6. 它被美国、加拿大、America,Canada,Australia ,Great Britain andNew Zealand. 澳大利亚、英国和新西兰的大多数人用作第一语

29、言。 English.read scientists worlds he tthirds of And two 7. 并且世界上三分之二 的科学家用英语阅读。【重点语法】 一般现在时的被动语态英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。 我们打扫classroom. the clean We 主语是动作的执行者，叫主动语态。如：教室。 教The classroom is cleaned (by us).主语是动作的承受者，叫被动语态。如：室被（我们）打扫。 宾语）by+（+及物动词的过去分词be+被动语态的构成：助动词 1. 被“意为by其中，表动作的执行者。”；由 玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。The gl

30、ass is broken by that boy.如： be有人称、数和时态的变化，其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。 English is widely spoken around the world. 如：（肯定式） （否定式）English is not widely spoken around the world. （疑问式）-Is English widely spoken around the world? Yes, it is./No, it isnt.- 被动语态的用法：2. 1（）在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下可用被动语 这

31、件大衣是棉制的。This coat is made of cotton.态。如： Her bike is stolen.如：用被动语态。要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，）2（她的自行车被偷了。3主、被动语态的转换： 其它）+宾语（+及物动词谓语动词+主动语态：主语 其它）+宾语（+by+及物动词的过去分词+be+被动语态：主语 ）主动、被动互转时，时态不变。1注意：（ 的宾语时，要用宾格by）主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动态2（形式。如： People grow rice in the south. (1) Rice is grown (by people) in the south

32、. She takes care of the baby. (2) The baby is taken care of (by her). Topic2 English is spoken differently in different countries.【重点词语】 顺便说一下1. by the way ；依靠取决于2. depend on 不同与3. be different from 成功，达成4. succeed in 表达你自己的意思5. make yourself understood 的路上在某人去6. on ones way to 送行给7. see sb. off 去离开

33、/leavefor 前往某地8. leave for 二十分钟之后9. in twenty minutes 英语口语/oral English 笔头英语10. written English 11. generally speaking 一般说来，大致上说 某物/至于某人12. as for sb./sth. 靠近13. be close to 身体上，外貌上；亲自14. in person 爱好15. be found of 被迫做16. be forced to do sth. 强迫某人做某事force sb.to do 更糟的是17. even worse 【重点句型】 澳式英语和英式英

34、语一样1. Is Australia English the same as British English? ?吗 不同的2. English is spoken differently in different English-speaking countries. 国家使用不同的英语。 and American English British between differences are there example, 3. For English. 例如，在英式英语和美式英语之间有些不同点。 我简直不敢相信我就要飞往迪Im flying to Disneyland. I cant be

35、lieve that4. 斯尼乐园了。 我希望不会遇到什么困难。5. I hope I wont have any difficulty. 6. Whenever you need help, send me an-mail or telephone me.无论何时你需要帮忙，给我发电子邮件或打电话。7. Not only children but also adults enjoy spending their holidays in Disneyland. 不但青少年而且成年人也喜欢到迪斯尼乐园度假。【重点语法】 用现在进行时表示将来 ”安排“、”意图“现在进行时表示将来时，常有打“（但不

36、是固定不变的）或 含义。它表示最近或较近的将来，所用的动词多是位移动词。”算 come, go, arrive, leave, fly, start, begin, return, open, die如：我要走了。Im going. 你什么时候动身？When are you starting? 别着急，火车马上就到了。Dont worry. The train is arriving here soon. 表示将来的现在进行时除了用于位移动词外，亦可用于某些非位移动词。 我叔叔明天会见我们。My uncle is meeting us tomorrow. 如： 她不久将买一辆新自行车。She

37、is buying a new bike soon. Topic3 Could you give us some advice on how to learn English well?【重点短语】公共场所 在1. in public 有时2. at times=sometimes 想要做3. feel like doing=would like to do 放弃4. give up sth./doing sth. 求助于某人5. turn to sb. for help 的建议给某人一些有关6. give sb. some advice on/about 方面很差在7. be weak in

38、 方面很好在/be good at 害怕做某事8. be afraid of doing sth. 犯错误9. make mistakes 深呼吸10. take a deep breath 11. the best time to do 做某事最好的时间做些听力训练12. do some listening practice 回答13. reply to=answer ）advice建议某人做某事（名词14. advise sb. to do 【重点句型】 在美国，别人能懂得你1. Could you make yourself understood in the U.S.A? 的话吗？ 我

39、不知道该怎么办？2. I dont know what to do. 有时我想要放弃。3. At times I feel like giving up. of meanings the guess to Try 4. of the idea main the get and words, new the 尽量猜测生词的意思，理解文章的大意。article. 5. I dare not answer questions in class, because Im afraid of making mistakes. 我不敢在课堂上回答问题，困为我害怕犯错误。 talk with all of y

40、ou. 6. Its an honor to与在座的各位交谈是我的荣幸。 但是记住要选择最适合你7. But remember to choose the ones that fit you best. 的一种。 我坚持认为你们每天都应该练day. every English practice that you insist I 8. 习英语。 自信是通往成功9. Believing in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 的第一步。【重点语法】wh- +to do 等连接词，它们和动词不定式连how及when, where,

41、 which, who(m)是指wh- 结构。这种结构在句中常作主语、表语和宾语，作宾语wh- +to do用，即为 (时可以转换为宾语从句。这个不定式动词的wh- +to do对于谓语动词来说，动作是个尚未发生的动作，所以在转换成宾语从句时，通常须加情态动词或 )用将来时表示未来。 I dont know what to do.=I dont know what I should do.如： which to buy.=she cant decide which she will buy. She cant decide 反之，如果主句中的主语与宾语从句中的主语一致时，宾语从句（由疑问词 ”

42、不定式+疑问词“引导）通常可以与互相转换。 dont know what I should do.=I dont know what to do.I 如： :I want to 不能说I want to know what Mary will do.(如果不一致就不能转换。know what to do.) Unit4 Amazing Science Topic1 When was it invented?【重点短语】1. go around 环绕 .送入把 =send upinto 2. sendinto 祝贺某事3. congratulations on sth 而自豪为4. be pro

43、ud of 而感动为 5. be moved by 感谢某人做的某事6. Thanks/Thank you for +n./ving sth 做体检7. have physical examinations 处于好（不好）的身体状态8. in good/bad health 情不自禁做 9. cant help doing 轮流（做某事）10. take turn to (do sth) 疑地11. no doubt 的之外，也除12. as well as 例如13. for instance/example （方面）的工作做14. work on 15. depend on/upon 依靠

44、，依赖 打开16. turn on 关掉17. turn off 开大18. turn up 关小19. turn down 用鼠标点击20. click on 21. look forward to doing sth 期待做某事【重点句型】 and satellites more up send to made being are plans big Now 1. a build even 现在中国正在计划发射更多的卫星，甚至建造一个空间站。space station. 我被杨利伟所做的事感动了。 2. Im moved by what Yang Liwei did. 一般来说，我们现在的

45、健康3. Generally speaking, we are in good health now. 状况良好。 我们忍不住再三地看ing at the earth again and again. 4. We couldnt help look着地球。 5. I was able to fall asleep as soon as I got into the sleeping bag. 一进入睡袋我就睡着了。我们轮流休息。We took turns to have a rest. in progress great made has China that proved has It 6.

46、 space its developing 这证明了中国航天业的发展已取得了巨大的进步。industry. 7.There is no doubt that computers are widely used by workers in business and .科技工作者广泛地应用,毫无疑问，电脑被商业technology. 电脑使得世界变小 8. Computers have made the world smaller, like a “village”. “了，就像一个。”村庄【重点语法】 宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词和动词不定式等。（一）名词、形容词、副词、介词短语作宾语补足语。如： 我们叫他吉姆。 （名词）1. We call