仁爱英语九年级上册知识点归纳36053.doc

1、 九年级仁爱版Unit1Unit4知识点Unit 1 Topic 1 I. 重点词组1.have a good summer holiday 过一个愉快的暑假 2.take place 发生，进行 3.take photos 照相4.by the way 顺便说一下 5.learnfrom 向学习6.in detail 详细地 7.in order to为了 8.give support to 为提供帮助9.afford ( to do) sth 担负得起(做)某事10.keep in touch with 与保持联系11.succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 12.make

2、progress 取得进步13.play an important part in 在.中扮演重要角色14.thanks to 由于15.places of interest 名胜古迹16.stand for 代表17.with the help of 在的帮助下 II.重点句型1、There goes the bell.= The bell is ringing. 铃响了。 倒装句。以here.there.now.then等副词开头的句子，谓语动词是e.go等词，主语为 名 词时，要把谓语动词置于名词前，构成完全倒装。2、Though I had no time to travel, I s

3、till felt very happy ! 尽管我没时间去旅游，但我仍然感到很愉快。Though、although 从属连词，用来引导让步状语从句，表“虽然；尽管”，不能与but连用。3、Parents couldnt afford education for their children. 父母供不起孩子上学。afford 常与can, could 或 be able to 连用，尤其用于否定句或疑问句，表“负担得起（做）某事；抽得出（时间）” “(cant/ couldnt) afford (to do) sth.” 不能负担得起（做）某事 如：We cant afford (to bu

4、y ) this house because we dont have enough money.我们买不这房了，因为我们没有足够的钱。 4、China has made such rapid progress. 中国已经取得如此迅速的进步。progress 为不可数名词 make progress 取得进步make some/ much/ great progress 取得一些/ 许多/ 巨大的进步 5、They express the rich culture of China as well. 他们也表达了丰富的中国文化。 as well, too, also均表“也；又”； as we

5、ll 多用于口语，只用于句末，不用逗号隔开； too 多用于口语，用于句末，要用逗号隔开； also 较正式，不用于句末； either 用于否定句，表“也不”，与too 对应。 如： He likes sports as well. = He likes sports, too. = He also likes sports. 他也喜欢运动。 He didnt come, either. 他也没来。III.语法（一）现在完成时：表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。即“过去的动作 + 现在的结果”， 强调结果。如： I have bought a new bike. (

6、= I bought a new bike, and I have a new bike now.)我已经买了一辆新的自行车。（强调我现在有了一辆新车。） 构成形式： 助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词1肯定句： I have seen the film. 我已经看过这部电影。否定句： I havent seen the film. 我没看过这部电影。一般疑问句： Have you seen the film? 你看过这部电影了吗？回答： Yes, I have. 是的，我看过了。 No, I havent. 不，我没看过。特殊疑问句： What have you done? 你已

7、经做了什么？2肯定句： He has finished the task. 他已经完成了任务。否定句： He hasnt finished the task. 他还没有完成任务。一般疑问句： Has he finished the task? 他已经完成任务了吗？回答： Yes, he has. 是的，他完成了。 No, he hasnt. 不，他没有完成。特殊疑问句： What has he finished? 他完成了什么？（二）have/ has been to与 have/ has gone tohave/ has been to + 某地， 到过某地，说话时人已经回来了。have /

8、has gone to + 某地， 说明去了某地， 说话时人还没回来。 如：I have been to Beijing twice. 他去过北京两次。- Where is Jim? 吉姆在哪儿？ - He has gone to the library? 他去图书馆了。 Unit 1 Topic 2 I. 重点词组1.get lost 迷路 2.each other 彼此3. the population of China 中国的人口4.at least 至少5.because of 因为 6.be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求 7.carry out 实行 8.be sh

9、ort of 缺乏9.Whats more 而且 10.take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事11.be known as 作为而著名12.work well in doing在方面起作用 13.a couple of 一些 14.keep up with赶上,跟上15.hear from sb.=receive/ get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信16.even though = even if 即使II.重点句型1. Whats more, the population in developing countries is growing f

10、aster. So it is. 而且，发展中国家的人口在更快地发展。 的确如此。“so + 主语+ be /情态动词/ 助动词 ” 表“的确如此”。 Jim is a good student. So he is. 吉姆是一名好学生，的确如此。 “so + be /情态动词/ 助动词 + 主语” 表“某某也一样”。 Jim is a student, so is Tom. 吉姆是一名学生，汤姆也是。 “ neither/ nor + be /情态动词/ 助动词 + 主语” 表“也不”。 Jim wasnt Chinese, neither/ nor were they.吉姆不中国人，他们也不

11、是。 2At that time, China was the country with the largest population in the world. 那时，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。population为不可数名词，表示人口的多少只能用 “large”或 “small”修饰，提问人口用“what”, 如：The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. 上海的人口比北京多。Whats the population of China?= How many people are there in China? 中国

12、的人口有多少？3. Because of our large population, we are short of energy and water.be short of 表 “缺乏”, 如:She is always short of money at the end of every month. 每个月底她总是缺钱。be short for 表“是的缩写”, 如:TV is short for television. TV是television的缩写形式.III.语法：常用于现在完成时的时间状语：already, just , yet, ever, never, recently.1

13、already 和 yetalready “已经”（多用于肯定陈述句）yet “已经; 还”（用于否定句或疑问句）2ever 和 neverever “曾经”（多用于疑问句，问初次经历）never“从未；从来不”（多用于否定陈述句），常回答ever的句型。3just just “刚刚”（多用于肯定句，位于谓语动词之前）4beforebefore “之前”（一般位于句末；常与never呼应）， 如：He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before. 他说他以前从来没看过这么美的风景。e.g. 1. I have just called

14、 you.2. Have you ever been to France? No, Ive never been to any European countries.3. Have you seen him yet? Yes, I have seen him already. Unit 1 Topic 3 I. 重点词组1.get used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯于2.as a matter of fact 事实上3.break out 爆发4live a hard life 过着艰难的生活5.in need of 需要6.provide sb. with sth.= p

15、rovide sth. for sb.提供某物给某人7.ones success in doing sth. 成功完成某事8.obey strict rules 遵守严格的规则9.take drugs 吸毒10.aim to do sth. 目的是11.in the past sixteen years 在过去的十六年里12.at home and abroad 在国内外13pay for 付款14thousands of 成千上万的II. 重点句型2Well, once they find people in deed, they decide on suitable ways to hel

16、p them. 他们一旦发现有人需要帮助, 就选定适当的方式来帮助他们。once 是从属连词，表“一旦就” decide on (doing ) sth. 决定（做）某事， 相当于 decide to do sth.They decided on spending the holiday in Hainan. 他们决定在海南度假。= They decided to spend the holiday in Hainan. III.语法 现在完成时: 常与for或since引导的时间状语连用,表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在。注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词 一段时间的表达方法有两种:a)“for

17、+ 时间段” 与 “since + 时间点” 都表“一段时间”，常用How long 提问。for: +一段时间 for a year for two weeks for three years 过去的某一时刻, since nine since last weekSince 一般过去时态的时间状语从句 since you came since you got home. 如: -How long have you been like this? -I have been like this since last month./ for a month. -How long have you

18、lived in Changle?-I have lived in Changle for ten years / since ten years ago.b) 如句中含有非延续性动词，则改为相应的延续性动词或状态。 如：I bought this TV three days ago.= I have had this TV for three days.His cat died yesterday.= His cat has been dead since yesterday. 常见的非延续性动词转换成延续性动词如下：comebe here; gobe there; closebe clos

19、ed; openbe open;buyhave; borrow keep; leavebe away; beginbe on;finishbe over; diebe dead etc. Unit 2 Topic 1 I. 重点词组1. chemical factory 化工厂2. pour into 把排放到3. in a bad mood 处在不好的情绪中4. manage to do sth. 设法去做某事5. do harm to / be harmful to 对有害6. quite a few 相当多7. no better than 同.一样差8. in pubic 公开地9.

20、all sorts of 各种各样的10.in many ways 在许多方面II. 重点句型1、There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river. 有几座工厂正往河里排放污水。 There be + sb. / sth. + doing sth. 表有某人/ 某物正在做某事。如： There are some birds singing in the tree. 树上有些鸟儿在歌唱。 There is a little girl crying in the street. 街上有个小女孩在哭。 2、

21、I cant stand the environment here. 我无法容忍这儿的环境。stand 表“容忍；忍受”，后接名词、代词及动名词做宾语。如： I cant stand that man, he talks too much. 我忍受不了那个人了，他话太多了。 Can you stand the pain? 你能忍得住痛吗？ I cant stand waiting any longer. 我再也等不了了。 3、,not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution. 并不是所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染。 not

22、与both、all 、every 以及 every 的派生词连用时，表部分否定。 Topic 2 I. 重点词组1. as a result 结果2. here and there 到处3. in the beginning 一开始4. in danger 处于危险中5. cut down 砍倒6. change sth. into sth. 把变成7. prevent from 防止8. greenhouse effect 温室效应9. refer to 提到10.deal with 处理11.take up 占据12.cut off 中断II. 重点句型1. As we know, non

23、e of us likes pollution. 众所周知，没有人喜欢污染。 none与no one 的区别：a) none “全无”，既可指人也可指物，后常跟of 的短语; 作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数；no one只指人，后不能跟of 的短语; 作主语时，谓语动词只用作单数。如： He has read none of these books.（指物）这些书他一本都没看过。 None of my friends like/ likes drawing.（指人）我的朋友们没有一个喜欢画画。 No one is here. 没有一个在这儿。b) none回答how many/ muc

24、h的问题；no one回答who的问题。 如： A: How many students come to school by taxi? B: None. 有多少的学生搭出租车来上学？ 没有人。 A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None. 瓶子里有多少水？ 一点儿也没有。 A: Who is in the room? B: No one. 谁在房中？没有人。2、Trees can also stop the wind blowing the earth away.树木也能防风固土。stop / prevent sb. /sth. (fr

25、om ) doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事3、You may either take a bus or a taxi. 你们可能搭公车去或者是搭出租车去。 a) eitheror “要么要么; 或者或者” 并列连词,连接对等结构;连接主语时,根据就近原则。如： You may come either today or tomorrow. 你要么今天来，要么明天来。 We can either sing or dance. 我们可以唱歌或者跳舞。 Either you or he is

26、right. 要么你对，要么他对。 b) either 单独使用时，是代词，表“二者之一”既可指人也可指物；用作主语时，谓语动词用作单数。如： A：ould you like coffee or tea? B: Either is OK 你想要咖啡还是茶？随便都可以。 Either of us is right. 我们俩中有一人是对的。 III. 语法不定代词和不定副词：(一) 不定代词： 指人：someone/ somebody anyone/ anybody no one/ nobody everyone/everybody 指物：something anything nothing ev

27、erything（二）不定副词指地点：somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere（三）用法：1 some-复合代词/副词常用于肯定句；如：I saw someone in the room. 我看见房间里有人。There is something in the woods. 树林里有什么东西。2、any-复合代词/副词常用于否定句或疑问句；如：I didnt see anyone in the room. 我没看见有人在房间里。There isnt anything in the woods. 树林里没有什么东西。3、no- 复合代词/副词表全否定；如：I sa

28、w nobody in the room. 我看见房间里没有人。There is nothing in the woods. 树林里没有什么东西。4、every- 复合代词/副词代替全部；如：Everyone is here. 大家都在这儿。It seems he knows everything. 似乎他知道一切。 some-复合代词/副词用于疑问句中时，表希望得到对方的肯定回答或表请求；如：Would you like something to drink? 你要点喝的东西吗？ any-复合代词/副词用于肯定句时，表“任何”；如：If people spit anywhere in pub

29、lic, they should be punished. 如果人们在公众的任何地方吐痰，他们应该受罚。 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；如：No one knows this secret. 没有一人知道这个秘密。Everything goes well. 一切进展顺利。 如果有定语修饰,定语应放在不定代词或不定副词后；如：I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事告诉你。There is nobody strange here. 这儿没有一个陌生人。 no= not any nobody = not anybody; nothing

30、= not anythingShe didnt say anything. = She said nothing. 她什么也没说。There is nobody strange here.= There isnt anybody strange here.这儿没有一个陌生人。Topic 3 I. 重点词组1. not onlybut also 不仅而且2. be supposed to 应该3. ought to 应该4. turn off 关掉5. instead of 代替6. on time 准时7. make sure 确保8. push forward向前推9. push down

31、向下10.pull up 向上拉11、encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事12、after all 毕竟 above all 最重要的是.II. 重点句型1. We should use both sides of paper, and reuse plastic bags rather than throw them away. 我们应该把纸的两面都使用，将塑料袋再次使用而不是轻易扔掉。a) both 修饰复数名词；而 either 修饰单数名词； 如：There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road.= There

32、 are a lot of trees on either side of the road. 在路的两边有许多树。b) rather than 表“（是）而不是”;连词, 连接对等结构, 相当于instead ofc) 如: I like coffee rather than tea. = I like coffee instead of tea. 我喜欢咖啡而不是茶. He likes listening to music rather than/ instead of singing. 他喜欢听音乐而不是唱歌. He wants to go today rather than/ inst

33、ead of tomorrow. 他想今天走而不明天. I did my homework rather than watched TV. = I did my homework instead of watching TV. 昨晚我做作业了而不是看电视. 但rather than位于句首时, 后跟动词原形,它不受句中谓语动词的时态影响。如： Rather than do it by myself, I didnt ask for help.宁可自己干, 我没请人帮忙。2. Everyone is supposed to do it. 每个人都应该那样做。be supposed to do s

34、th.指（按规定、习惯、安排等）应当做某事；必须做某事；相当于should; 用于否定句时，表“允许”； 如：Teachers are supposed to/ should know a lot. 老师应该知道很多。You are not supposed to smoke here. 这里不允许抽烟。3. First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room. 首先，当你离开房间的时候，应该随手关灯。ought to 情态动词, 表 “应该; 应当”; 语气比 should 强;指道义上应该做的事,有时含有责备或督促的语

35、气。should 指主观上感到有责任或义务去做。如：You ought to help your mother do some housework.你应该帮你妈妈做些家务。We should study hard.我们应该努力学习。其否定式和疑问式：You oughtnt to get up so late in the morning.你早晨不应该起这么晚。Ought I to tell her the bad news? 我该告诉她坏消息吗？Yes, you ought. No, you oughtnt. III. 语法并列句：由两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句构成。结构为：简单句+

36、并列连词+简单句常用的并列连词有：and, or, but, while, not only but alsoe.g. 1. The river is dirty and the temperature of the earth is rising.2. They work well, but they are slow and cant run for long. Unit 3 Topic1 一.重点词语1.be able to=can 能够,会2.cant wait to do sth.迫不急待地做某事3.have a (good) chance to do sth.有(好)机会做某事4.

37、practice doing sth.练习做某事5.be made by被制做;be made of/from由制成; be made in在某地制造6.on business出差7.be similar to和相似8.translateinto把翻译成9.have no/some trouble (in) doing sth.做某事没有/有些困难10.once in a while=sometimes/at times偶尔,间或11.whatever=no matter what无论何时12.as well as以及13.mother tongue 母语14.take the leading

38、 position处于领先地位15.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事16.call for号召二.重点句型1.Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world.世界上数以百万的人们都喜欢迪斯尼乐园。2.I hope I can go there one day. 希望有一天我能去那儿。3.English is widely spoken around the world.英语在世界上被广泛使用。4.It is also spoken as a second language in

39、 many countries.在许多国家它也被用作第二语言。5.It is possible that you will have some trouble.你可能会遇到一些麻烦。6.Its used as the first language by most people in America,Canada,Australia ,Great Britain andNew Zealand.它被美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、英国和新西兰的大多数人用作第一语言。7.And two thirds of the worlds scientists read English.并且世界上三分之二的科学家用英语

40、阅读。三.语法学习一般现在时的被动语态英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫主动语态。如：We clean the classroom.我们打扫教室。主语是动作的承受者，叫被动语态。如：The classroom is cleaned (by us).教室被（我们）打扫。1 被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+（by+宾语）其中by意为“被；由”，表动作的执行者。如：The glass is broken by that boy.玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。be有人称、数和时态的变化，其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。如：English

41、is widely spoken around the world. （肯定式）English is not widely spoken around the world. （否定式）Is English widely spoken around the world? （疑问式）Yes, it is./No, it isnt.2 被动语态的用法：（1）在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下可用被动语态。如：This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。（2）要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，用被动语态。如：Her bike is stolen.她的自行车

42、被偷了。 3 主、被动语态的转换：主动语态：主语+及物动词谓语动词+宾语（+其它） 被动语态：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语（+其它）注意：（1）主动、被动互转时，时态不变。（2）主动句的主语是代词的主格形式，变成被动态by的宾语时，要用宾格形式。如：(1) People grow rice in the south. Rice is grown (by people) in the south.(2) She takes care of the baby. The baby is taken care of (by her).Topic 2 一. 重点词语1.see sb. Of

43、f给送行2.depend on取决于；依靠3.be different from与不同 4.succeed in成功，达成5.make yourself understood表达你自己的意思6.on ones way to 在某人去的路上7.regard as 把.当做.8.leave for前往某地/leavefor离开去9.in twenty minutes二十分钟之后10.written English笔头英语/oral English英语口语11.generally speaking一般说来，大致上说12.as for sb./sth.至于某人/某物13.be close to靠近14

44、.in person身体上，外貌上；亲自15.be found of爱好16.be forced to do sth.被迫做/force sb.to do强迫某人做某事17.even worse 更糟的是二、 语法学习用现在进行时表示将来现在进行时表示将来时，常有“意图”、“安排”（但不是固定不变的）或“打算”含义。它表示最近或较近的将来，所用的动词多是位移动词。如：come, go, arrive, leave, fly, start, begin, return, open, die例：Im going.我要走了。 When are you starting?你什么时候动身？Dont worry. The train is arriving here soon.别着急，火车马上就到了。表示将来的现在进行时除了用于位移动词外，亦可用于某些非位移动词。如：My u