2023届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷.docx
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1、2023届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷学校:_姓名:_班级:_考号:_一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word
2、that best fits each blank.Swimmers enjoy cold swimsMany people enjoy swimming in icy cold water. An open-air swimming pool, _1_ (know) as a lido, in Bedfordshire, England, proved very popular this winter. The Woburn Lido is usually open from May to September, but this year it stayed open to swimmers
3、 throughout the autumn and winter months too._2_ the lockdown for England was announced on 4 January, outdoor pools were allowed to remain open. “Demand has taken us by surprise,” said Murray Heining, a volunteer at the Woburn Lido. Over Christmas and New Year, the lido had to offer extra openings t
4、o keep up with the demand from swimmers.Cold-water swimming _3_ (grow) in popularity in the UK over the past few years. A survey found that 7.5 million people in England had swum in outdoor pools, as well as lakes, rivers and the sea, in 2018. In some areas, such as the river Wharfe in Yorkshire, th
5、is new trend has made environmental groups think more about _4_ the water is cleared of pollution and clean enough for bathers.Some people make it a regular practice; _5_ just enjoy a refreshing dip on Christmas Day, Boxing Day or New Years Day. Every year around the UK, people _6_ (photograph) plun
6、ging into icy water, often in fancy dress, and the recent festive period was no exception, _7_ freezing temperatures.The Outdoor Swimming Society classifies temperatures below 6C as “Baltic” and from 6-11C as “freezing”. They advise people to get in the water gradually, so as _8_ (not shock) the bod
7、y. Likewise, they recommend warming up gradually, and not _9_ (rush) the process by leaping into a hot bath when you get out. Instead, they suggest layering up and drinking something warm.It wasnt just the water that was coldmany people experienced a white Christmas; snow fell in several counties in
8、cluding Yorkshire and Suffolk. Paul Davies, the UK Met Offices chief meteorologist, a scientist _10_ job is to study the weather, said the forecast indicates “the likelihood of the cold conditions experienced recently continuing through January”.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following pas
9、sage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. AalternativesBassessC courageousDdemonstrateE. dynamicF. generates G. inconsideratelyH. potentialI. regulatorsJ. significantK. unreservedlyTrust in your scientific instincts and never
10、 stop moving forwardIve studied biology, biochemistry, math, and computer science, and received my Ph.Dfrom Cambridge University. In 2008, when I learned Philip Morris International (PMI) was building a new laboratory to_11_ the products that would form part of a smoke-free future, I said, “Im in.”S
11、eeing the positive results from the first studies looking at the differences between cigarette smoke and aerosol (气溶胶) from our smoke-free nicotine (尼古丁) products was stimulating. There were so many positive findings, and yet we were still in the building phase. What would happen next? We had to tel
12、l ourselves to be_12_: Dont worry, just look at the data.Systems toxicology (系统毒理学) is an exciting and _13_ field to work in. However, it_14_ massive amounts of data, as it combines standard toxicology with new and diverse techniques to help give us a bigger and more detailed picture of how toxic su
13、bstances affect the body. Working with such giant blocks of data is a challenge for all applications of systems toxicology, not just tobacco harm reduction. This is why we share our data and methods _15_. It is not only in our best interest to _16_ openness to the world at large, but its also import
14、ant to engage the global scientific community in order to always be moving the science forward.The _17_ public health impact of science-backed smoke-free products is considerable. And while these products are not risk-free and deliver nicotinewhich is addictivethe breakthrough is _18_. And I feel an
15、 enormous sense of accomplishment with what weve achieved so far.Of course, we still have important work to do. We will continue to provide information to _19_, scientists, public health organizations, and policymakers about the potential of smoke-free products. We will continue to share our science
16、. And we will continue working to deliver smoke-free _20_ for the worlds adult smokers who dont quit tobacco and nicotine altogether. But this is a marathon, and were in this for the long term.三、完形填空After five long years, it appears Californias drought is finally becoming less severe. _21_ a recent
17、string of storms, more than a third of the state has now welcomed healthy precipitation (降水量), and Californias snowpacka(n) _22_ source of water as the year progresseshas reached nearly twice its seasonal average in some parts of the Sierra Nevada. Thats a dramatic improvement over last summer, when
18、 literally every inch of the state _23_ drought conditions. Its also welcome news for Californians, who have faced a series of water _24_ since Governor Jerry Brown declared a state of emergency in early 2014. Farmers have been forced to spend heavily to maintain production.The states water struggle
19、s, _25_, are far from over. For one, nobody knows for sure how long these rains will last. Although recent precipitation has been _26_in some places more than 80 inchesthe accuracy of storm forecasting remains _27_ beyond a week. Californians know this all too well: last year, experts projected a “G
20、odzilla” El Nio that would bring record levels of precipitation. It never _28_. “Will six weeks from now be wet?” asks Jeanine Jones, Californias interstate water-resources manager. “The skill in that kind of forecasting is just not there.”_29_, a storm slowdown is a very real possibilityand it coul
21、d leave California without enough water to make it through the dry summer. _30_, when that happens, the state has turned to groundwater stored in natural rock formations deep beneath the earths surface. But those _31_ remain used up after years of drought; restoring them could take years in some pla
22、ces, says Jones.The quick inrush of water has also created a(n) _32_ balancing act for water managers. Keeping surface reservoirs (水库) filled to the edge protects against the possibility of a sudden dry spell, but it also_33_ the risk of flooding if and when future storms hit. To that end, water man
23、agers opened the Sacramento Weir floodgates earlier this month to pour reservoir water into nearby fields after _34_ showed local water levels would likely continue to rise. Thats a calculation that will be made across the state in the coming months.For now, though, Jones is focused on planning and
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