石家庄市2023届高三教学质量检测（二）一模英语试卷+答案.pdf

1、石家庄市石家庄市2023届高中毕业年级教学质量检测（二）英语届高中毕业年级教学质量检测（二）英语（本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟），注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所

2、给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt？A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是1.What does the man complain about?A.The limited stuff.B.The high price.C.The long queues.2.How will the woman go to the mans house?A.By bus.B.By train.C.By taxi.3.What does the woman mean?A

3、.She failed the test.B.The test was too difficult.C.She should have studied hard.4.Where did the man spend his holiday?A.On the beach.B.In the forest.C.In the mountains.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Selecting a TV program.B.Living in the countryside.C.Improving peoples health.第二节（共1

4、5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What is the man working on?A.Updating a website.B.Taking some photos.C.Training the employees.7.What will the man do next?A.Launch the new design.B.Replace

5、outdated news.C.Contact his colleagues.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Where will the solar farm be built?A.In Asia.B.In Africa.C.In Europe.9.How much of European energy needs will be provided?A.Up to 15%.B.Up to 20%.C.Up to 10%.10.What could be used in Scotland to produce electricity?A.Solar energy.B.Wind energy

6、.C.Wave energy.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.What color boots does the man want?A.Blue.B.Grey.C.Black.12.What does the woman offer to do?A.Check about the colors.B.Go to fetch some boots.C.Show the man around.13.Whats the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Customer and salesgirl.B.Husband and wife.C

7、.Boss and secretary.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.What does the man want to do?A.Attend a conference.B.Make a city tour.C.Go to a market.15.What does the woman think of the Wawel Castle?A.Its worth visiting.B.It opens too early.C.Its far away.16.Where can people find lots of cafes and bars?A.Around the Wawel

8、Castle.B.In the market square.C.Near the bus station.17.What does the man decide to do in the evening?A.Go to a caf.B.Join a dancing club.C.Enjoy some music.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.What can we learn about the new public swimming poo!?A.It will be built near the city park.B.There will be lifeguards to e

9、nsure safety.C.The indoor and outdoor pools are separated.19.What is Elizabeth Greenfield?A.An official.B.Ahostess.C.Areporter.20.When will the construction be finished?A.In January.B.In April.C.In May.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。The Nobel Prize has be

10、en awarded to women 60 times between 1901 and 2022.These women have madeoutstanding contributions to the worlds of medicine,science,literature and so on.Here are four of them.Dorothy Crowfoot HodgkinAward:Nobel Prize in ChemistryYear:1964Dorothy Hodgkin was a British chemist whose interest in resear

11、ch began when,as a child,she received achemistry book containing experiments with crystals（晶体）.She studied at Oxford University and developedprotein crystallography,which advanced the development of X-rays.This earned her the Nobel Prize.Gertrude B.ElionAward:Nobel Prize in Physiology or MedicineYea

12、r:1988Gertrude Elion won the Nobel Prize for her discoveries of important principles for drug treatment.Elion hadwatched her grandfather die of cancer,so she decided to fight the disease throughout her life.Elin,together withGeorge Hitchings,with whom she shared the award,created a system for drug p

13、roduction that relies heavily onbiochemistry.Toni MorrisonAward:Nobel Prize in LiteratureYear.1993Toni Morrison,whose book Beloved earnedher the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award,was thefirst Black woman to ever receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.Born in Ohio,Morrison was a writer whose

14、worksare mostly about life in the Black community.She taught writing and served as an honorary professor at PrincetonUniversity.Esther DufloAward:Nobel Prize in EconomicsYear:2019Esther Duflo shared her prize with her research colleagues Michael Kremer and Abhijit Banerjee,who is herhusband.Duflo ha

15、s spent much of her career at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology,where she earnedherdoctorate degree in 1999.Duflo and her partners were awarded the Nobel Prize for their approach to fightingpoverty around the world.21.What won Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin the Nobel Prize?A.Her book about crystal

16、s.C.Her research on medicine.B.Her contribution to X-ray development.D.Her discovery of a new protein crystal.22.What do Toni Morrisons books mainly focus on?A.Educational issues.C.Writing techniques.B.Community service.D.Black Americans life.23.What do Gertrude B.Elion and Esther Duflo have in comm

17、on?A.They won the Nobel Prize in the same year.B.They devoted themselves to fighting diseases.C.They shared the Nobel Prize together with others.D.Their life experiences committed them to their fields.BEvery holiday season,Patricia Gallagher fills her car with stuffed animals and drives around Phila

18、delphia.She gives them not to kids but to seniors.Patricias holiday tradition started in 2009.I just got this idea to call two nursing homes at random and ask ifI could come and read It was the Night Before Christmas,“she said.She brought some of her kids stuffed animalsfor the seniors to hold while

19、 she read.“But when I went to gather them and take them back to go to the nextnursing home,nobody wanted to give up their stuffed animals,she added.It was then and there that she realizedthe power of a simple holiday gift.Patricia wanted to continue her tradition of giving,so she put an ad online,as

20、king for gently used stuffedanimals.In her first two years of collecting,she received more than 11,000 donated stuffed animals.She saidsometimes local schools would hold stuffed animal collections on her behalf,or a child who outgrew their toyswould donate.After receiving too many,Patricia started c

21、apping how many she would collect at a time,and saidshe could only take in about 250 stuffed animals each week during the holiday season.Then,she took them tonursing homes.“The elderly want stuffed animals not only for comfort,but they were conversation starters.It reminded themof their childhood,sh

22、e said.And she recalled one man said,You know,I never wanted to go to school.And myfather said if I would go that day,he would take me to the Brooklyn Zoo.And you know what?This was the firstanimal I saw there and it looked just like this giraffe.Spreading joy isnt just a holiday pastime for Patrici

23、a.She is also known as the Happy Flower Lady aroundPhiladelphia,because she collects old flowers from stores and passes them out to anyone who needs a pick-me-up.“When you give,you really do get more back,Patricia said.Every morning,whether its the flowers orthe stuffed animals,I have a purpose.24.W

24、hy did Patricia go to the nursing homes in 2009?A.To send gifts to the seniors.C.To get over her loneliness.B.To read a story to the elderly.D.To get rid of her kidstoys.25.What does the underlined word“cappingin paragraph 3 mean?A.Limiting.C.Identifying.B.Recording.D.Doubling26.What can we infer fr

25、om paragraph 4?A.Seniors love good old days.C.Giving makes seniors happy.B.Cute animals have healing effects on seniors.D.Stuffed animals have more than one function.27.What does Patricia think of her giving experiences?A.Rewarding.B.Entertaining.C.Timely.D.Tough.CA new study suggests classic painti

26、ngs by well-known Impressionists Joseph Turner and Claude Monet mayhave been influenced by air pollution during the Industrial Revolution.The study,published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences by authors from Harvard andSorbonne universities,analyzed 60 oil paintings by Turnerfrom 17

27、96 to 185Oand 38 paintings by Monet from1864 to 1901.Scientists dont know exactly how polluted the cities were during that time for lack of data.However,researchers say examining the works of Turner and Monet can give a picture of long-term environmental changewith the air pollution.In particular，re

28、searchers said changes in local sulfur（硫）dioxide emissions from burning coal may explainchanges in the colour contrast and intensity of Turner,Monet,and others works,even after taking into account theartistic trends and subject matter of the time.Scientists successfully measured painters representat

29、ion of nature,focusing on differences in local weatherpatterns which influenced colour in works painted in different parts of Europe.Paintings done in Britain generallyfeature a paler blue sky than other works in other parts of the continent.Generally,artists can historicallyaccurately represent the

30、ir environment,so Turner and Monet were chosen because they are famous for theirlandscape and cityscape paintings and also because they were active during the Industrial Revolution,when airpollution grew at an rate never seen before.Additionally,researchers say that as the air in London and Paris be

31、came more polluted,the cities wouldappear hazier to the eyes as well as in photographs.By comparing the paintings of Turner and Monet to picturesfrom the era,they were able to determine the artists were at least partly influenced by the change in emissions.28.How did the researchers conduct the stud

32、y?A.By referring to relevant historical records.B.By comparing the paintings of Turner and Monet.C.By relating the paintings to the air conditions then.D.By analyzing the data during the Industrial Revolution.29.What did the researchers find in the works of Turnerand Monet?A.Air pollution at that ti

33、me.C.Social trends of the period.B.Change in subject matter.D.Development of photography.30.What can we learn from paragraph 5?A.European artists preferred landscape paintings.B.Scientists focused on studying weather patterns.C.Turer and Monet intended to present pollution.D.Britain suffered from ai

34、r pollution most in Europe.31.What is the purpose of the text?A.To inform people of a new discovery.C.To introduce the Industrial Revolution.B.To instruct people to appreciate paintings.D.To call on people to protect the environment.DMany owners of electric cars have wished for a battery pack that c

35、ould power their vehicle for more than athousand miles on a single charge.Researchers have developed a lithium-air battery that could make that dream areality.The new battery design could also once day power airplanes and trucks.The main new component in thislithium-air battery is a solid electrolyt

36、e（电解质）instead of the usual liquid variety.Batteries with solid electrolytes are not subject to safety problems with the liquid electrolytes used inlithium-ion and other battery types,which can overheat and catch fire.More importantly,the solid electrolytecan potentially boost the energy four times,w

37、hich translates into longer driving range.For over a decade，scientists have been working overtime to develop a lithium（锂）battery that makes use ofthe oxygen in air.The lithium-ai battery has the highest energy of any battery technology being considered for thenext generation of batteries beyond lith

38、ium-ion.The new solid electrolyte is composed of a material made from relatively inexpensive Clements,comparedwith the past designs.Besides,the chemical reaction in lithium-ion only involves one or two electrons stored peroxygen molecule（分子），while that for lithium-air battery involves four electrons

39、.More electrons stored meanshigher energy.The new design is the first lithium-air battery that has achieved a four-electron reaction at room temperature.It also operates with oxygen supplied by air from the surrounding environment.The capability to run with airavoids the need for oxygen tanks to ope

40、rate,a problem with earlier designs.“With further development,we expect our new design for the lithium-air battery to reach a record of 1200watt-hours per kilogram,said Curtiss,a researcher.That is nearly four times better than lithium-ion batteries.32.What contributes most to the lithium-air batter

41、y?A.Lithium-ion.C.Solid electrolytes.B.Oxygen molecules.D.Liquid component.33.Whats the problem with lithium-ion batteries?A.They bum easily if overheated.C.They damage the environment.B.They are unsafe in production.D.They require longer charging time.34.How does the author organize paragraph 4?A.B

42、y giving examples.C.By presenting statistics.B.By making comparisons.D.By analyzing cause and effect.35.What is the best title of the text?A.How Lithium-air Batteries WorkB.What will Be Used to PowerAirplanesC.Electric Cars Are Becoming More PopularD.New Batteries Offer Longer Driving Range第二节（共5小题；

43、每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填大空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Back pain can make it difficult for many people to function in everyday life.36 If you suffer from back pain,read on for four everyday fixes.Our bodies need adequate movement throughout the day to avoid the stiffness（僵硬）that contributes to ac

44、hesand pains.If the weather is good,dont hunt for the nearest parking spot;dont take the elevator when you havethe option of one or two flights of stairs.When you need to sit for long periods,set a timer to get up every hourand be active for just a few minutes.37When we overuse our dominant side,we

45、create muscle patterns of weakness and tension that increase pain,especially in our backs.Consider the actions you take repeatedly throughout the day that shift your weight to oneside.38 And use your opposite hand every so often for basic activities,such as opening doors.Psychological stress is a no

46、ted risk factor for back pain,according to research.Most mental stress is causedby focusing on the past or future.39 A few minutes a day of mindfulness can go a long way toward minimizingthe impact of stress.Additionally,mindfulness practices like tai chi have all shown effectiveness in reducing bac

47、kpain.40 That is,you can create a game plan of daily activities to practice for back health.If your back hurts at theend of the day,dont just decide it was a bad day.Ask yourself if you practiced the activities to help you avoidthe stress and tension.Taking an active,daily-life approach to maintaini

48、ng a healthy body is the key to keepingback pain at bay.A.Switch sides when you carry things.B.It affects how you move,feel and think.C.You should learn more about the cause of your pain.D.Approach the health of your back as a responsibility.E.So actively being mindful of the present reduces stress.

49、F.Youd better take a quick break to check in with your breathing.G.More minutes of movement add up to big health benefits over time.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The problems had started before the trip even began.It was my first time traveling to A

50、sia.I had 41_distancesand timing.I had planned to visit Lombok first butbooked the flights to Bali,not_42there was an airport in Lombok.Arriving in Bali at 1 p.m.,1 was a bit 43I hadread online the last ferry（轮渡）left at 4 p m and I 44had to take a 1.5-hour taxi journey to the port and catchthe ferry