-人教新目标版八年级下册《英语》Unit 2 课堂知识清单.docx

1、八年级下册第二单元一 词形转换1. cheer v. 欢呼 cheerful adj. 高兴的2. strong adj.强壮的 -反义词 weak虚弱的3. feel v. 觉得 feeling n. 感觉4. satisfy v. 使满意 satisfaction n. 满意 satisfied adj. 满足的5. joy n. 高兴 joyful adj. 令人高兴的6. own v. 拥有 pron. 自己的 owner n. 物主，主人7. raise v.募集（raises-raised-raised-raising） 8. broken adj.破损的 break v.打碎/打

2、断（breaks-broke-broken-breaking）9. able adj. 能，会 disabled adj. 丧失能力的10. imagine v.想象 imagination n.想象力11. difficult adj. 困难的 difficulty n. 困难，难题12. kind adj. 和蔼的 kindness n. 仁慈，善良13. excite v.使兴奋 excited 感到兴奋的exciting adj. 让人兴奋的 excitement n.兴奋 14. train n. 火车 v. 训练 training n. 训练 trained adj. 受过训练的1

3、5. kind adj.善良的 kindness n.善良16. understand v.理解/明白（understands-understood-understood-understanding）understanding adj.善解人意的17. interest n. 兴趣 interested adj. 感兴趣的 interesting adj. 有趣的二 、短语结构Section A1. cheer ( sb ) up使（某人）高兴 2. come up with想出=think up come up with an idea想出一个主意catch up with赶上（某人put

4、up with sb.忍受某人come up 走近,走上前来 come over 过来，顺便拜访We need to come up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up.我们需要想出一个计划来告诉人们关于城市公园的清扫活动（tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于什么）3. plan动词plans-planned - planned- planning plan to do 计划做某事名词 make a plan制定计划make a plan to do sth.4. give out分发=hand out

5、give out food/housework分发食物 /作业 发出（光，热，声，味）The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.太阳向地球散发光和热用光，耗尽：Our supplies（供给） gave out.5. volunteer (1)名词 志愿者I want to be a volunteer. (2)动词 volunteer to do 自愿做某事:He volunteered to clean up the room.6. 做一名志愿者怎样帮助其他人？We could visit the sick kids in the hosp

6、ital to cheer them up.我们可以拜访这些医院生病的孩子让他们开心in the hospital在医院（工作） in hospital在医院（生病）We could give out food at the food bank.我们可以在食品救济站分发食物at the food bank在食物救济站We could volunteer in an after-school study program to teach kids.我们可以在一个课外学习项目当志愿者教孩子 an after-school study program一个课外学习项目We could help to

7、clean up the city parksclean up打扫 clean it up clean up the city park打扫干净城市公园a City Park Clean-Up Day城市公园清洁日 clean-up n. 打扫 Clean- Up Day 清洁日7. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日距离现在只有两周from now离现在 two weeks from now离现在两周8. put off doing sth. 延期做某事 put out熄灭，伸出 put out the fire put away收好 pu

8、t away the clothes把衣服收起来put on穿上 ,上演，发胖 put on the coat穿上外套 put on five pounds重了五磅put down放下，记下 put up张贴，搭建 put up signs张贴标语 put ones heart into 用心去做 put back放回原处，把钟拨慢9. call up打电话， call me upgive sb a call=make a telephone call 打电话10. each 每个 能与of 连用 every 每个 有“全体”的意思，不能与of 连用11. notice（1）n. 公告牌/宣传

9、单 （2）v. 注意到 notice sb doing注意某人正在做. notice sb do注意某人经常做. She noticed someone following her.她注意到有人跟随她. 12. need肯定句中用实义动词need to do sth.需要做某事 She needs to arrive on time.她需要按时到达I dont need to see the doctor.我不需要看病。否定句和疑问句中多用情态动词 如:You neednt worry.你不必担心。 实意动词 need 有人称和数的变化need （情态动词） do sth需要做某事need（实

10、意动词） to do sth需要做某事need doing sth某事需要被做（表被动）13. 由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to;否定答语常用neednt. 如: -Need I answer the question? 我需要回答那个问题吗? -Yes, you must. /Yes, you have to.是的，你必须回答。/是的，你得回答。/No, you neednt.不，不必14. 由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定答语用neednt或dont have to。如: -Must I do the work now? 我必须现在干这个

11、活吗? -Yes, you must /have to.是的，你必须做。/No, you neednt /dont have to. 不，你现在不必做。2d1 in an old peoples home在老人院2 help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境Help sb. out with sth.在什么事上帮助某人I cant work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。help me out with a few things帮我一些事情3 used to do /be过去常常做.否定形式didnt

12、 use to或used not to My friend used to be quiet.我的朋友过去很安静.He didnt use to eat vegetables=He used not to eat vegetables.他曾经不吃蔬菜get/be used to doing 习惯于做. They got used to living in the countryside他们已习惯于住在农村。 be used to do sth 被用来做某事The knife is used to cut things.小刀被用来切东西4 alone adv. 单独；独自 =by oneself

13、=on ones own; She went home alone/on her own/by herself. 她独自回家去了。live alone独自一人居住He is alone. 他独自一人。5 lonely(1 )形容词 孤独的；寂寞的I was alone,but I did not feel lonely. 我虽然孤单，但我不感到寂寞。adj偏远的；人迹罕至的 a lonely island一座荒凉的岛屿3a1. give up+时间+to do sth腾出时间做某事 I always give up several hours each week to help others.

14、我总是每周放弃几个小时去帮助其他人several=some几个2. volunteer at an animal hospital在一家动物医院当志愿者3. I believe him（=I believe what he says）我相信他（的话）。I believe in him（=I trust him ）我相信他是一个可以信得过的人。（即：我信任他）believe相信 believe in信任，信仰4. Because it can help me learn more about how to care for animals.因为它能帮助我更多了解怎样照顾动物how to 疑问词+

15、不定式，可转化为宾语从句I dont know where to go=I dont know where I should/can go.5. care for+名词/代词/doing。 care for=look after=take care of照顾 6. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction.我得到了这样强烈的满足感satisfaction（n.）满意 satisfy v. 使满意 in satisfaction满意地He smiled in satisfaction 他满意地笑了feel (动)感觉； feeling（名）感觉，感触

16、7. the look of joy on their owners faces.own adj.自己的: of ones own自己的 The car is of my own=It is my own car.这车是我自己的 v.拥有He owns the house.他拥有这幢房子owner主人：the owner of. .的主人8. such/sosuch + a(n) +adj+ n.= so + adj. + a(n) + n. She is such a nice girl that our teacher likes her very muchShe is so nice a

17、 girl that our teacher likes her very much她真是个好女孩，我们的老师很喜欢她。9. at the age of four=when sb was four在四岁时10. try out (for)参与选拔 try out for a volunteer参与选拔志愿者11. after-school reading program课后阅读项目12. go on a different journey进行一次不同的长途旅行go on a +名词:举行/进行. go on a picnic去野餐 go on a trip去旅行trip短途旅行; journe

18、y长途旅行,陆上旅行;travel 出国游13. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.对于我来说志愿的梦想成真。14. I can do what I love to do.我能做我爱做的事。15. at the same time同时I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.我能做我爱做的事，同时我能帮助其他人GF1. make some signs to put up around the school制作标语，张贴在学校周围2. be busy with

19、sth. 忙什么 be busy doing忙于做 3. We hand out notices to tell students about the book sale我们分发传单来告诉学生们这个图书售卖活动.We will give out the money from the sale to homeless people.我们将把售卖活动赚的钱给无家可归的人（give out sth. to sb.捐赠.给某人）4. homeless people无家可归的人less 是否定后缀:hopeless无希望的 useless无用的 meaningless无意义的5. volunteer n

20、.志愿者 v.志愿volunteer to do sth.志愿做某事volunteer ones time to do sth.自愿抽出某人的时间做某事6. worry（动） about=be worried（形） about+doing担心做某事Dont worry.别担心7. less lucky 不太幸运8. raise money for为.筹钱 raise:筹集，举起（raise your hands举起你的手），养育/饲养（raise sheep）Dont raise your voice at me.不要朝我提高你的声音9. stop doing停止做原来的事 stop to d

21、o停下来做另一件事stop sb from doi ng阻止某人做某事cant stop doing sth.忍不住做某事We should stop buying products made of animals fur.我们应该停止购买由动物皮毛做的产品Section B1 run out of =use up用完，耗尽 （主语是人）run out 用完，耗尽 （主语是事物）He has run out of his money.他已经把钱用光了 2 take after 血缘关系的性格或长相方面相象 3 fix up 修理 fix it up 修理它4 give away 捐赠 give

22、 them away中间宾格give sth. away to sb.把.捐赠给某人We usually give away my old clothes to the people in need.我通常把我的旧衣服捐赠给需要的人.I gave away my bike to a childrens home. be similar to =take after(外貌，行为）与.相似 look like形状像My new dress is similar to yours.我的裙子和你的像。be similar in .在某方面相似The two buildings are similar

23、in style.这两座建筑物在风格上相似。5 break v.打断/打碎/休息 (breaks-broke- broken) break out爆发 break out wars爆发战争 broken破损的Jimmy fixes up broken bicycle parts,like wheels. Jimmy修理坏了的自行车零件，像轮子.2b1. thanks for doing=thank you for doing因.而感谢Thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers.2. give money to把钱给（give sth. to sb.

24、=give sb. sth.把.给某人）3. set up建立 be set up被建立 set up a social group建立一个社会组织/a company 公司4. disabled（形） people 残疾人 5. make it possible for sb to do使做某事成为可能It作形式宾语的还有think/find it +形容词+to doInternet makes it possible for people to shop online互联网使人们在网上购物成为可能6. make a difference (to )对.有影响make no differe

25、nce (to) 对.没有影响Mobile phones make a big difference to our life.智能手机对我们的生活产生了很大影响The rain made no difference to the game.这场雨对比赛没有产生任何影响7. bind adj.瞎的 turn a blind eye to this problem对这个问题视而不见8. deaf adj.聋子9. imagine+名词/代词/doing/宾语从句I imagined being a pilot when I was a child.当我是个孩子时，我想象成为一名飞行员10. Nor

26、mal things like answering the telephone,opening and closing doors,or carrying things are difficult for me.正常的事情像接电话，开关门，或者搬运东西对我来说很难。answer the telephone接电话动词：open /close 打开/关上 形容词：open/closed 打开的/关着的 keep the door open/closed.11. a friend of mine我的一个朋友 12. a trained dog一只经过训练的狗six months of trainin

27、g with a dog.和一条狗六个月的训练train sb/sth to do 训练某人做某事train火车 a training center一个训练中心13. feel lucky to do 对做某事感到幸运14. kindness名词，善良ness名词后缀：happiness幸福,sadness悲伤,illness疾病15. give him orders 给他命令16. be excited about +n/doing对.感到兴奋 be excited to do形容词：excited指人 exciting 指物17. change 名词：可数名词，变化， 不可数名词：零钱Gr

28、eat changes have taken place since 1990.动词，改变change ones life改变某人的生活18. send sth to sb = send sb sth把.寄给.send sb. to do sth. 派人去做某事send sb. to sp.派人去某地双宾用法类似的还有give给,show给人展示,pass传递 ,lend借出 borrow借入send up发射 send up a rocket发射火箭 send for派人请 send for a doctor.派人去请医生Self-check 1 be strong in +名词/代词/doing be strong in.=be good at.=do well in擅长Im strong in communicating with others.我擅长跟其他人交流.2 work out fine=work out well奏效/证明效果好3 a call-in center for parents针对家长的热线电话中心