句子成分及基本句型（2012版）.pptx

1、语音巩固课语音巩固课元音元音1)i:sea，he，piece2)i sit，miss，myth 3)e bed，desk，head 4)bad，land，bank，stamp 5)a:car，fast，class，plant，calm6)hot，want,pot 7):door，more，sport，ball，warm 8)u:good，who，blue，soup9)u look，put，woman，could 10)cup，come，blood，rough 11):girl，work，serve，nurse 12)ago，forget，polite，dollar 13)ei cake，the

2、y，play，eight14)ai bike，die，neither，light 15)u phone，cold，boat，soul16)au house，town 17)i boy，oil,soil18)i dear，idea，deer，here，fierce 19)pear，care，there，fair 20)u tour，poor辅音辅音 1)p pen,pair 2)b bed,back 3)t tell,ten4)d day，played，wanted 5)k cold，sky，quick，school，back 6)g big，go，guess，language 7)m man,

3、member 8)n nine，knife，autumn 9)bank，uncle，English，sing10)l land，world11)r read，write 12)f five，cough，laugh 13)v voice，of 14)think,throw,through,three15)this，that,them,there 16)s sit，miss，science，case 17)z zoo，close18)sure，she，social，nation 19)pleasure,treasure20)h hot，who，here 21)w wall，what，we 22)j

4、 yes,yellow23)t child，teach，catch 24)d joke，bridge25)ts boats,pets26)dz goods,beds 27)tr tree,training,trip 28)dr dream,dry句子成分及句子的种类句子成分及句子的种类Parts of Speech Parts of Speech 词类词类Noun Noun 名词名词 n.Pronoun n.Pronoun 代词代词 pron.pron.Verb Verb 动词动词 v.Adverb v.Adverb 副词副词 adv.adv.Adjective Adjective 形容词形容

5、词 adj.Numeral adj.Numeral 数词数词 num.num.Article Article 冠词冠词 art.Preposition art.Preposition 介词介词 prep.prep.Conjunction Conjunction 连词连词 conj.Interjection conj.Interjection 感叹词感叹词 inter.inter.一个句子的各个组成部分一个句子的各个组成部分,叫做句子成分叫做句子成分,包括包括主语主语,谓语谓语,宾语宾语,表语表语,补语补语,定语定语,状语状语.除除此之外还有同位语、插入语、呼语和感叹语。此之外还有同位语、插入语

6、、呼语和感叹语。句子成分句子成分句子成分详解句子成分详解主语主语 表示句子说的是表示句子说的是“什么人什么人”或或“什么事什么事”.”.可以可以做主语的有：做主语的有：1.Shanghai is in the east of China.2.I bought a new book.3.Three and five makes eight.4.To see is to believe.5.Smoking is harmful to health.6.The old should be taken good care of.7.What he said is not true.8.It is a

7、good habit to get up early.谓谓语语 说明主语说明主语“做什么做什么”“”“是什么是什么”或或“怎么样怎么样”由由动词动词承当，一般放在主语之后。谓语动词有承当，一般放在主语之后。谓语动词有实义动实义动词和系动词词和系动词，实义动词又分为，实义动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词及物动词和不及物动词。1.I love my school.2.Mary is dancing under the tree.3.What he said sounds reasonable.动词分类1).be 1).be 2).look,feel,smell,taste,sound(2).look

8、,feel,smell,taste,sound(感官感官)3).become3).become,get,turn,get,grow,go,get,turn,get,grow,go,come(come(变得变得)4).appear,seem(4).appear,seem(好像，似乎好像，似乎)5).remain5).remain,keep,stay,continue,keep,stay,continue(保持，继续保持，继续)6).prove(6).prove(证明是证明是)后面后面接接形容词形容词,名词名词,分词分词,副词副词,介词短语介词短语作表语作表语.连系动词连系动词 (Link Ver

9、b)Link Verb)及物动词及物动词 vt.vt.后接宾语后接宾语,如如:tell,ask,spend,help,pass,give,visit,learn,:tell,ask,spend,help,pass,give,visit,learn,不及物动词不及物动词 vi.vi.后面不接宾语后面不接宾语,但可接状语但可接状语.如如:run,jump,work,go,wait,come:run,jump,work,go,wait,come 行为动词行为动词在句子中在句子中不单独作谓语不单独作谓语,只能和只能和行为动词一起构成谓语行为动词一起构成谓语,用来表示用来表示时态时态,否定否定,疑问疑问

10、,强调强调等语法形式等语法形式.如如:do,be,do,be,havehave.2.I _ never seen the film before I met him 2.I _ never seen the film before I met him yesterday.yesterday.3.We _ learning English grammar.3.We _ learning English grammar.4.At last,the fire _ put out.4.At last,the fire _ put out.5.He _ to Beijing three times5.H

11、e _ to Beijing three times.hadhadarearewaswashas beenhas been情态动词情态动词mustmust,can/could,may/might,ought,can/could,may/might,ought toto助动词助动词宾语宾语 表示动作或行为的对象或结果，是动作的表示动作或行为的对象或结果，是动作的承受者。在动词之后的叫承受者。在动词之后的叫动词宾语动词宾语，在介词，在介词之后的叫之后的叫介词宾语介词宾语。可以做宾语的有：。可以做宾语的有：Henry lost his parents in his childhood.Every o

12、ne likes her.I want four.Id like to have some coffee.Harry enjoys skiing.We should help the poor.I think that you are right.定语定语 修饰和限定名词或代词修饰和限定名词或代词。1.Newton is 1.Newton is a famous scientista famous scientist.2.This is my 2.This is my car factorycar factory.apple tree,stone bridge,coffee cup,sport

13、s meet3.He is in the 3.He is in the sleeping carsleeping car.(.(事物的用途事物的用途)swimming pool,drinking water,parking lot 4.The boy 4.The boy talkingtalking with her is Tom.with her is Tom.-The boy who is talking with her is Tom.5.This is 5.This is youryour book.book.6.We have 6.We have ninenine lessons e

14、very day.lessons every day.状语状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子，说明修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子，说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方向、比较、程度、方式或伴随的情况。步、方向、比较、程度、方式或伴随的情况。1 1.Jill writes.Jill writes beautifullybeautifully.2.2.The Smith live The Smith live in Russiain Russia.3.His mother often comes 3.His mother often comes on

15、 Saturdayon Saturday.4.4.Please come Please come this waythis way.名词名词 I am a teacher.代词代词 Thats all.形容词形容词 Kate is cute.副词副词 A new film is on tonight.介词词组介词词组 Our classroom is on the third floor.不定式不定式 We are to go hiking tomorrow.动名词动名词 My job is teaching you English.从句从句 This is what they saw las

16、t night.9.数词数词 The average of 3,8 and 10 is 7.表表语语 表达表达主语特征，通常在系动词之后，有下列形主语特征，通常在系动词之后，有下列形式：式：A beautiful blue European bird that is sitting on top of the tree is singing happily in front of my house,with so many other birds listening carefully around her.请分析一下它的句子成分！此句能简化请分析一下它的句子成分！此句能简化吗吗A bird

17、is singing.句子类型（按句子结构分）句子类型（按句子结构分）1.1.简单句简单句2.2.并列句并列句3.3.复合句复合句句型句型一：一：+i i.（主谓（主谓）1.Pat arrived in Beijing at 7:00.1.Pat arrived in Beijing at 7:00.2.They disappeared.2.They disappeared.句型二：句型二：+LV+LV+（主系表）（主系表）1.They are heroes.1.They are heroes.2.She is a university student.2.She is a universit

18、y student.3.The apple tastes good.3.The apple tastes good.句型三：句型三：+t+t+（主谓宾）（主谓宾）1.She plays the piano.1.She plays the piano.2.He likes swimming.2.He likes swimming.3.We help each other.3.We help each other.简单句五种基本句型：简单句五种基本句型：句型四句型四:+t+InO+DOt+InO+DO（主谓间宾直宾）（主谓间宾直宾）1.I offered him 5 dollars.1.I off

19、ered him 5 dollars.2.I told my friend the good news.2.I told my friend the good news.3.They sent us a telegram.3.They sent us a telegram.句型五句型五:+t+O+Oct+O+Oc （主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）1.Ann made me cry.1.Ann made me cry.2.They named the boy Jack.2.They named the boy Jack.3.He kept the window open.3.He kept the

20、window open.and,but,or,soand,but,or,so连接两个或两个以上的句子连接两个或两个以上的句子1.Mr Smith is our math teacher and he is very humorous2.John likes playing basketball,but he didnt play it yesterday.3.He didnt work hard,so he failed in the examination.4.We must hurry,or well miss the train.并列句并列句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复

21、合由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个句。在复合句中主句是全句的主体，从句是全句的一个成分，不能独立。成分，不能独立。定语从句定语从句1.Do you know the man 1.Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?who is talking with your mother?2.The book 2.The book(which)I gave you(which)I gave you was worth$10.was worth$10.3.This is the

22、 house 3.This is the house where I was born.where I was born.名词性从句名词性从句1.What he wants to tell us1.What he wants to tell us is not clear.is not clear.2.I believe 2.I believe(that)he is honest.(that)he is honest.复合句复合句 状语从句状语从句1.We waited 1.We waited till(until)he came back.till(until)he came back.2.

23、I came back late yesterday 2.I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.because I was on duty.3.Although(Though)he was over sixty,3.Although(Though)he was over sixty,(yet)he (yet)he began to learn French.began to learn French.4.We shall go there tomorrow 4.We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.unless it rains.