初中英语语法课件专题三代词.pptx

1、专题三代词一、人称代词一、人称代词人称代词不仅指人人称代词不仅指人,也可以指物也可以指物,有人称、数和格的变化。有人称、数和格的变化。【巧学妙记巧学妙记】人称代词的主格和宾格人称代词的主格和宾格人称代词分两格人称代词分两格,分为主格和宾格。分为主格和宾格。主格句中作主语主格句中作主语,宾语用的是宾格。宾语用的是宾格。句首、动前用主格句首、动前用主格,动后介后用宾格。动后介后用宾格。【即学活用即学活用】1.Since Peter isnt here,may I take a message for_(he)?2.Miss White is very kind.We all like_(she).

2、3.Everyone likes my father because_(him)is friendly.4.How do you like the famous actor,Tong Dawei?Wonderful!I like_very much.5.This apple is for you and this is for_(I).答案答案:1.him2.her3.he4.him5.me二、物主代词二、物主代词【温馨提示温馨提示】形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的区别:(1)形容词性物主代词位于名词前形容词性物主代词位于名词前,用作定语用作定语,限定该

3、名词的意义。限定该名词的意义。(2)名词性物主代词在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语名词性物主代词在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语,相当于相当于“形容词形容词性物主代词性物主代词+名词名词”,后面不能再跟名词。后面不能再跟名词。【巧学妙记巧学妙记】形物代词能力差形物代词能力差,自己不能来当家。自己不能来当家。句子当中作定语句子当中作定语,后面要把名词加。后面要把名词加。名物代词能力强名物代词能力强,自己独来又独往。自己独来又独往。句子成分主表宾句子成分主表宾,后面名词不能跟。后面名词不能跟。【即学活用即学活用】1.Excuse me,is this your iPad?No,it isnt._is at

4、 home.2.Whose dictionary is this?Is it Marys?No,it isnt._(she)is in her schoolbag.3.My brother likes painting.Its one of_hobbies.4.I dont like_(me)watch.I like_(you).5.Whose French books are these?Only Grace and Dick have learnt French.It must belong to_(they).答案答案:1.Mine2.Hers3.his4.my;yours5.them三

5、、反身代词三、反身代词反身代词就是指某人自己反身代词就是指某人自己,单数以单数以-self结尾结尾,复数以复数以-selves结尾。结尾。第一、二人称反身代词由形容词性物主代词第一、二人称反身代词由形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成构成,第三人第三人称反身代词由宾格人称代词称反身代词由宾格人称代词+self/selves构成。构成。人称人称数数第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称单数单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself复数复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves【巧学妙记巧学妙记】反身代词表自身反身代词表自身,

6、“宾、表、同位宾、表、同位”三成分。三成分。动、介词后作宾语动、介词后作宾语,表示动作回自身。表示动作回自身。表示强调同位语表示强调同位语,强调动作强调动作“亲自亲自”任。任。系动词后作表语系动词后作表语,各种用法记心中。各种用法记心中。【即学活用即学活用】1.Dont worry about me.I can take good care of_(me).2.Jenny dances so well.So she does.She started to learn it by_(her)at the age of 15.3.“Help_(you)to some fish,”Mrs Smith

7、 said to the children.4.Im leaving for Beijing on business now.Can you look after _(you)during these days,Tom?Mum,Im no longer a child now.5.Its true that we are not born for_(we).答案答案:1.myself2.herself3.yourselves4.yourself 5.ourselves四、指示代词四、指示代词1.指示代词是用来指定或确认某人或某事物的代词。指示代词是用来指定或确认某人或某事物的代词。单数形式单数

8、形式复数形式复数形式this(这个这个)these(这些这些)that(那个那个)those(那些那些)2.指示代词的用法。指示代词的用法。(1)this/these一般指在空间和时间上较近的事物一般指在空间和时间上较近的事物,that/those一般指在空一般指在空间和时间上较远的事物。间和时间上较远的事物。This is a map of China and that is a map of the world.这是一张中国地图这是一张中国地图,那是一张世界地图。那是一张世界地图。In those years they led a hard life.在那些岁月里在那些岁月里,他们生活得很

9、艰难。他们生活得很艰难。(2)在表示比较的句子中在表示比较的句子中,that指代可数名词单数或不可数名词指代可数名词单数或不可数名词,those指代复数的人或物。指代复数的人或物。The weather in Harbin is much colder than that in Guangzhou.哈尔滨的天气比广州冷得多。哈尔滨的天气比广州冷得多。I like these books better than those.我喜欢这些书胜过那些书。我喜欢这些书胜过那些书。【即学活用即学活用】用恰当的指示代词填空。用恰当的指示代词填空。1.Your home town is really nice

10、!The air quality is as good as _ of Sanya.2.Bob,can you see the boys over there?_ are my cousins.Lets go and say hello to them.thatThose五、不定代词五、不定代词不明确指代某个不明确指代某个(些些)人、某个人、某个(些些)事物的代词叫作不定代词。不事物的代词叫作不定代词。不定代词可以代替名词和形容词定代词可以代替名词和形容词,没有主格和宾格之分。常见的不定代没有主格和宾格之分。常见的不定代词有词有:不不定定代代词词功能功能在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和同位语在句

11、中可以作主语、表语、宾语和同位语分类分类肯定性肯定性both,all,many,much,one,other,each,either,others,the other(s),a few,a little,someone,somebody,something,somewhere,anyone,anybody,anything,anywhere否定性否定性no,neither,none,nobody,nothing,few,little不定代词的特殊用法。不定代词的特殊用法。(1)当形容词或当形容词或else修饰不定代词时修饰不定代词时,不定代词总是位于修饰词的前面。不定代词总是位于修饰词的前面。

12、例如例如:There is nothing new in his speech.在他的演讲中没有新内容。在他的演讲中没有新内容。Did she tell you anything else?她告诉你别的事情了吗她告诉你别的事情了吗?(2)当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词时当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词时,其反意疑问句的主语通常其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词用代词they来代替来代替;当句子的主语是指物的复合不定代词时当句子的主语是指物的复合不定代词时,其反意疑其反意疑问句的主语通常用代词问句的主语通常用代词it来代替。例如来代替。例如:Everyone is here,arent they?大

13、家都在这儿大家都在这儿,难道不是吗难道不是吗?Everything begins to grow in spring,doesnt it?春天万物开始生长春天万物开始生长,不是吗不是吗?【即学活用即学活用】1.There are enough cups for each visitor to have _(it/one/that).2.Who taught Zhu Zhiwen to sing?_(somebody)!He learned singing by himself.3.What would you like,tea or coffee?_(都不要都不要),thanks.I just

14、 prefer a glass of water.4.Would you like some more noodles,Celia?Yes,just _(一点一点),please.oneNobodyNeithera few六、疑问代词六、疑问代词疑问代词疑问代词意义意义基本用法基本用法例句例句who谁谁主语、表语、宾语主语、表语、宾语Who are you talking with?你正在和谁交谈你正在和谁交谈?whom谁谁宾语宾语(who的宾格的宾格)With whom did you go shopping?你和谁去购物的你和谁去购物的?疑问代词疑问代词意义意义基本用法基本用法例句例句wh

15、ose谁的谁的主语、表语、宾语、主语、表语、宾语、定语定语(who的所有格的所有格)Whose pen is this?这是谁的钢笔这是谁的钢笔?what什么什么主语、表语、宾语、主语、表语、宾语、定语定语What do you know about it?关于这件事你知道什么关于这件事你知道什么?which哪个哪个主语、表语、宾语、主语、表语、宾语、定语定语Which is your sister?哪一位是你妹妹哪一位是你妹妹?【即学活用即学活用】选择恰当的疑问词填空。选择恰当的疑问词填空。whose,what,who1._ is your father?Does he still work as an engineer?Yes,he has been an engineer for thirty years.2._ T-shirt is this?I think its Toms.3.Do you know _ this iPhone 5 belongs to?Let me see.Oh,its hers.WhatWhosewho