Unit 3 The World Meets China Grammar（ppt课件）-2023新外研版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、To review adverbial clausesTo practice adverbial clauses by doing some exercisesTo read the timeline of culture exchange and find out what contributions each person madeLook at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.a.You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw th

2、e oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them.b.If you look up,you can see the paintings and other artworks c.Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.d.Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange,Dunhuang was the ideal place.1.Classify the adverbial clauses in the sentences.conditi

3、on comparison reason timebcda2.What other types of adverbial clause can you think of?Give some examples.分类分类引导词引导词例句例句时间时间状语从句状语从句when/while/as(当当时时),before(在在之前之前),after(在在之后之后),since(自从自从 以来以来),not until(直到直到才才),as soon as(一一就就),as(一边一边一一边边),no sooner than,hardly/scarcely when (一一就就)When it began

4、to rain,Ben was helping his mom make dinner.He writes as he listens.He became an English teacher after he graduated from Peking University.He did not go to bed until his father came back.条件条件状语从句状语从句if(如果如果),as/so long as(只要只要),unless(除非除非),in case(以防以防,万一万一)Unless bad weather stops me,I go for a wa

5、lk every day.分类分类引导词引导词例句例句原因状语原因状语从句从句because(因为因为),since(既然既然),as(由于由于)I didnt accept his help because I wanted to try it myself.Since we have no idea about this problem,lets ask Mr.Wang for help.目的目的状语从句状语从句so that(以便以便,为了为了),in order that(为了为了),in case(以防以防,免免得得)They sped up so that/in order tha

6、t they could get there on time.分类分类引导词引导词例句例句结果结果状语从句状语从句so that/such that(如如此此以至于以至于)Its so hot that nobody wants to go out.让步让步状语从句状语从句though/although(尽管尽管,虽然虽然),even though/if(即使即使),whether or (不管不管还是还是),whatever(无论什么无论什么),whenever(无论何时无论何时),wherever(无论哪里无论哪里)Although milk is good，you should not

7、drink too much of it.Whatever you want to be,you need to work hard to achieve it.分类分类引导词引导词例句例句比较比较状语从句状语从句than(比比),as as(和和一样一样),not as/so as(不如不如)He is as tall as his brother.地点地点状语从句状语从句where(的地方的地方),wherever(无论哪里无论哪里)Where there is a will,there is a way.You can sit wherever you like.方式方式状语从句状语从句

8、as if/though(好像好像,似乎似乎)，as(按照按照)It looks as if it is going to rain.Use a book as a bee does a flower.1.时间状语从句时间状语从句 (1)when引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句，主句主句是是一般将来时一般将来时或祈使句或祈使句，表示将来的意义时，表示将来的意义时，从句从句通常通常用用一般一般现在时。现在时。(简称简称“主将主将从现从现”“主祈从现主祈从现”)。e.g.When he comes here,I will call you.while引导引导的时间状语的时间状语从句从句表示正在

9、发生某事的同时，另一表示正在发生某事的同时，另一件事发生了或正在发生。件事发生了或正在发生。多用进行时态，主句时态视情况多用进行时态，主句时态视情况而定。而定。e.g.While the teacher is speaking,I am listening carefully.(2)as soon as引导的时间状语从句引导的时间状语从句，主、从句的时态：，主、从句的时态：主将从现。主将从现。e.g.Ill tell him the news as soon as he arrives.主、从句同为过去时。主、从句同为过去时。e.g.As soon as he got home,he thre

10、w his bag on the sofa.(3)until/till引导引导的时间状语的时间状语从句从句 主句主句为肯定句：谓语动词必须是延续性动词为肯定句：谓语动词必须是延续性动词，表示这一动，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到作或状态一直延续到until/till所表示的时间为止。所表示的时间为止。e.g.Ill wait for you till/until you come to see me.主句主句为为否否定句：谓语动词是非延续性动词定句：谓语动词是非延续性动词,常用句式常用句式 not until“直到直到才才”。表否定意义的词还有表否定意义的词还有never,nothing等。等。

11、e.g.I didnt go to bed until I finished my homework.(4)since引导引导的时间状语的时间状语从句从句用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时。或现在完成时。即即 have done since sb.did “自从某人自从某人做了做了一直一直”;It is+一段时间一段时间+since sb.did“(自从自从)做某事有做某事有(多久多久)”。e.g.I have worked in this school since I graduated from Peking University.It is 10 y

12、ears since I began to study English.2.地点状语从句地点状语从句 地点状语从句常由地点状语从句常由where,wherever等引导，置于句首、句等引导，置于句首、句中或句末。中或句末。e.g.Where there is a will,there is a way.Stay where you are and dont move.Put it wherever we can see it.3.条件状语从句条件状语从句 (1)时态时态:主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词，从句用一般现主句为一般将来时或含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时。在时。e.g.Ill visi

13、t the Great Wall if it doesnt rain tomorrow.We cant pass the exam unless we study hard.(2)“祈使句祈使句,+and/or+陈述句陈述句”中，祈使句在意义上相当于中，祈使句在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。一个条件状语从句。e.g.Use your head,and youll find a way.=If you use your head,youll find a way.(3)if是最常用的引导条件状语从句的连词，它表达的假设是最常用的引导条件状语从句的连词，它表达的假设既既可以是真实的条件，也可以是虚

14、拟的条件。可以是真实的条件，也可以是虚拟的条件。e.g.If everyone does his part,the project will surely be a success.If I were you,I wouldnt go without saying goodbye.(4)unless 意为意为“如果不如果不,除非除非”,相当于相当于if not。e.g.Unless you make up your mind,I wont be able to help you.(5)so/as long as,on condition that 意为意为“只要只要”。e.g.So long

15、as you run the marathon,you have the chance of winning a medal.I will do it on condition that you help me.(6)in case 意为意为“以防，万一以防，万一”,引导的从句为主句的动作提供引导的从句为主句的动作提供假设或理由。假设或理由。e.g.Youd better have a snack in case there is no time to eat later.4.原因状语从句原因状语从句 (1)通常用通常用because,since,as 引导原因状语从句引导原因状语从句。回答。

16、回答why提提出的问题用出的问题用because。e.g.I didnt go to the movies because I have to finish my report.(2)如果原因是人们已知的事实，就要用如果原因是人们已知的事实，就要用since“既然既然”引导。引导。e.g.Since you cant answer the question,you can ask someone else for help.5.目的状语从句目的状语从句 (1)引导词引导词(组组):so that,in order that等。从句谓语中常含有等。从句谓语中常含有may,can,must,wil

17、l等情态动词。等情态动词。e.g.He must get up early so that he can go to work on time.(2)当主、从句的主语一致时，从句可用当主、从句的主语一致时，从句可用“so as to/in order to+动词原型动词原型”代替。代替。e.g.He worked day and night in order that he could succeed.=He worked day and night in order to succeed.6.结果状语从句结果状语从句 (1)如此如此以致于以致于 so+形容词形容词/副词副词+that suc

18、h+a/an+形容词形容词+单数单数可数可数名词名词+that such+形容词形容词+复数复数可数名词可数名词/不可数不可数名词名词+that so+形容词形容词+a/an+单数单数可数可数名词名词+that 当名词前面有当名词前面有many或或much修饰时，用修饰时，用so而不用而不用such。e.g.He is such a young boy that he cant go to school.=The boy is so young that he cant go to school.We have so much time that we can finish the work

19、very well.(2)so that 句型的否定形式可用句型的否定形式可用too to 或或 not enough to构成的简单句代替。构成的简单句代替。e.g.He is so young that he cant go to school.=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.7.让步状语从句让步状语从句 (1)although,though,even if/though都作都作“虽然，尽管虽然，尽管”讲。讲。e.g.He will never tell you the truth

20、 even if he knows it.The old woman is unhappy though she has a lot of money.(2)as引导让步状语从句时，把表语提前构成倒装，通常可引导让步状语从句时，把表语提前构成倒装，通常可换成换成though。作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词。作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需要省去。需要省去。e.g.Young as/though she is,she knows so much about life.(3)whether or “不管不管.还是还是”e.g.Whether we can go or not,you g

21、uarantee to finish your homework.(4)whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however和和“no matter+what/who/where/when/how”都可以引导让步状语都可以引导让步状语从句，可以互换。从句，可以互换。e.g.Whatever/No matter what happened,he would not mind.8.比较状语从句比较状语从句 比较状语从句常由比较状语从句常由 as as(和和一样一样),not so/as as (不如不如那样那样),than(比比)引导。引导。e.g.You are

22、as tall as your father(is).9.方式状语从句方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由方式状语从句通常由as if/though(好像好像,似乎似乎),as(按照按照)引导。引导。e.g.It looks as if it is going to rain.Use a book as a bee does a flower.Now look for more sentences with adverbial clauses in the reading passage.Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better v

23、iew.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky,with their scarves flying,as if they are about to fly down to meet us.Move over here where you can see it in more detail.Now,something really extraordinary happened in 1900,when a Taoist priest made one of the most important finds of the 20

24、th century.The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang.Gradually,it faded from memory,even though it was once such a great city.Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from

25、 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.Complete the passage with the clauses in the box.no matter what culture it comes fromso that people can learn about different culturesas if they are neighboursthat over 15,000 people each year attend themas the traditional is mixed

26、with the modernYo-Yo Ma is a French-born Chinese American cellist known for his musical talent.In 1998,Ma founded Silkroad,an organisation that explores musical traditions in countries 1._.so that people can learn about different culturespurposeThe fundamental purpose of Silkroad is to bring people

27、from across the globe together to play and listen to music.Instruments and styles are blended together to create music that is surprising,rich,and completely original,2._.Whats more,3._,no matter what culture it comes fromas the traditional is mixed with the modernconcessionreasonno matter what cult

28、ure it comes fromso that people can learn about different culturesas if they are neighboursthat over 15,000 people each year attend themas the traditional is mixed with the modernpeople can learn about the development of culture as a whole.The events that Silkroad organises are either performances,w

29、orkshops,or mixed musical-artistic displays.It is so successful 4._.People meet as strangers,but they leave 5._,learning that different cultures have more in common than they imagined.that over 15,000 people each year attend them as if they are neighboursresultmannerno matter what culture it comes f

30、romso that people can learn about different culturesas if they are neighboursthat over 15,000 people each year attend themas the traditional is mixed with the modernWhen an intercity high-speed train pulled out of Beijing South Station in 2008,Chinas rail network had ushered in(开启开启)a new fast-movin

31、g era.Over the past decade,China has added over 35,000 kilometers to its high-speed rail(HSR)network,with the total length that far exceeds the rest of the world combined.Train speeds have increased from a maximum of 200 km per hour to 350 km per hour the fastest in the world.Here is a video to get

32、more.Chinese InnovationLook at the picture and describe it using adverbial clauses where appropriate.You may use the information to help you.Chinas High Speed Rail(HSR)In 2008,Chinas HSR service started.In 2015,a major breakthrough in technology was made,using independent R&D.Now,China cooperates wi

33、th dozens of countries in the world to develop HSR services overseas.Since HSR service started in China in 2008,it has undergone rapid growthSince HSR service started in China in 2008,it has undergone rapid growth.The experience of train travel becomes much more efficient and enjoyable than before b

34、ecause journeys are not only much faster but also more comfortable.Chinas HSR had another technological leap when a major breakthrough was made in 2015,using independent R&D.Travellers have become so accustomed to the incredible speed of HSR that many of us have already forgotten the old,slow trains

35、 of just a decade ago.Now,China cooperates with dozens of countries around the world in order to share its groundbreaking technology and develop HSR services overseas.Describe another Chinese innovation that has had a great impact both at home and abroad.Use adverbial clauses where appropriate.Read

36、the timeline and find out what contributions each person made.Pay attention to the expressions in red.Zhang Qian,a diplomat,gave a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court.The second century BC:Zhang Qian gave a reliable account for the lands of Central Asia for the Han court.

37、Gan Ying,a military envoy,explored the Persian Gulf and became the first Chinese to get information on Europe.The first century AD:Gan Ying became the first Chinese to get information on Europe.Xuanzang,a Chinese monk,scholar and traveller,translated volumes of scriptures from Sanskrit(梵文梵文)to Chine

38、se.He also wrote The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions,a description of the countries he visited on his travels.The 7th century:Xuanzang translated volumes of scriptures from Sanskrit to Chinese and wrote The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions.After six attempts,over a p

39、eriod of twelve years,Chinese monk Jianzhen arrived in Japan,where he promoted exchange and understanding between China and Japan.The 8th century:Jianzhen promoted exchange and understanding between China and Japan.Marco Polo travelled from Europe to Asia.The travels of Marco Polo served to bring kn

40、owledge of Asia to the West.The 13th century:Marco Polos The Travels of Marco Polo served to bring knowledge of Asia to the West.Zheng He sailed to South-east Asia,South Asia,West Asia,and East Africa.Some of his voyages comprised as many as sixty treasure ships.These voyages led to a legacy of cult

41、ural exchange between China and other countries.The 15th century:Zheng Hes extensive voyages led to a legacy of cultural exchange between China and other countries.Complete the passage with the correct form of the expressions in Activity 5.Qian Zhongshu was a renowned literary scholar and writer.Bor

42、n in 1910 in Jiangsu Province,he showed a strong interest in books at a very young age,earning him the name“Zhongshu”,which means fondness for books.His translations and writings 1._ of cultural exchange between China and the West that continues to this day.led to a legacyIn 1929,Qian was accepted i

43、nto the Department of Foreign Languages at Tsinghua University.In 1935,he went to Europe.He spent two years at Oxford University,where he studied and 2._ English literature.He also studied in Paris for a year,before returning to China to teach.In addition to studying Western literature,he wrote a nu

44、mber of works on Chinese culture.got information onQian was an expert in both Chinese and Western languages and culture.This made him an excellent translator,who 3._ _ between Western and Chinese academics.Selected and Annotated Song Dynasty Poetry was one of the many works he 4._ Chinese to English

45、.One of Qians great achievements was to produce comparative studies of classical Chinese texts,which made these works more accessible to Western readers.These books helped 5._ Chinese literature to the West.exchange and understandingtranslated frombring knowledge ofpromotedWrite about another Chinese innovation that has had a great impact on you.You can try to use adverbial clauses where appropriate.