Unit 3 Fit for life Reading Language points （ppt课件）-2023新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、 review the text；discuss the usage of some important and difficult words and phrases.；practise using them in different situations.Genes play a critical role in shaping our lives.Genome editing can help with disease treatment and prevention.Many people are concerned about how to use genome editing ap

2、propriately.Despite the public argument,genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science.Review Translationa.它（基因组）还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短并影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。(contract)b.然而，随着这一技术不断迅猛发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。(at a fast pace)c.我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它（基因组编辑技术）来使健康的身体更加强健？(prohibit sb from doing sth)d.哲学

3、家、遗传学家和政府官员都已开始全力解决这样的道德问题。(wrestle with)Check your answers!1.It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.2.As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace,however,questions arise about how to use it appropriately.3.Sho

4、uld we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies?4.Philosophers,geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues.1.It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.affect v

5、.1)to produce a change in sb/sth 影响影响How will these changes affect us?Your opinion will not affect my decision.这些变化对我们会有什么影响？这些变化对我们会有什么影响？你的意见不会影响我的决定。你的意见不会影响我的决定。它（基因组）还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短并影它（基因组）还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短并影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。affectthe areas/worldones mind/decision/ability/performance/c

6、reditthe quality of peoples lifeecosystemsdifferent people in different ways.affect v.2)(of a disease)to attack sb or a part of the body;to make sb become ill/sick 侵袭；使感染侵袭；使感染 每五个妇女就有一个人患有这种病。这些病毒会侵袭儿童，而且具有很强的传染性。infectious(infectious(传染性的传染性的)The disease affects one in five women.These viruses aff

7、ect children and are highly infectious(传染性的).affectthe childrenthe animalsthe cityones eyesightones brain.拓展拓展contract v.1)to get an illness 感染（疾病）；得（病）感染（疾病）；得（病）The two drugs have also been approved to reduce the risk of contracting the flu.Animal health officials say there have been no reports of

8、 humans contracting the bird flu.这两种药物也获批可以用来降低感染流感的风险。动物卫生官员说，目前没有听说有人感染了禽流感。contract v.2)to make a legal agreement to work for sb or provide them with a service 订立订立的合同（或契的合同（或契约）约）You can contract with us to deliver your cargo(货物货物).contract n.an official written agreement 合同；合约；契约合同；合约；契约Under t

9、he terms of the contract the job should have been finished yesterday.拓展拓展你们可以和我们签订合同，由我们负责运输你们的货物。根据合同的条款，这项工作本应于昨天完成。practice Translation.1.电视对孩子的行为有影响吗？2.Why the animals have contracted the disease remains unclear.Does television affect childrens behaviour?这些动物感染这种病的原因仍然不清楚。How robocalls are affec

10、ting the world of technology?The language in their contracts is usually harder to understand.Welch examined a sick boy,Billy,and knew he had diphtheria,a deadly infectious disease mainly affecting children.Translate the underlined words in each sentence.(影响)(使感染)(合同)Scientists have identified a link

11、 between diet and cancer.科学家发现了饮食与癌症之间的关联。As yet they have not identified a buyer for the company.Analysis of difficult sentences2.Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases,as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.遗传

12、学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。有效手段。identify v.to find or discover sb/sth 找到；发现找到；发现拓展：identify vt.识别，认出，找到，发现 vi.确定，认同identity n.身份，个性，一致identification n.识别，认同 身份证明迄今为止他们还没有为公司找到买主。relate toto be connected with sth/sb;to refer to sth/sb 涉涉

13、及；与及；与相关；谈到相关；谈到 我们应针对我们的具体情况来讨论这个问题。We shall discuss the problem as it _our specific case.第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。The second paragraph _ the situation in Scotland.relates torelates tomeans n.an action,an object or a system by which a result is achieved;a way of achieving or doing sth 方式；方式；方法；途径方法；途径 电视是一种有效的通

14、信手段。有没有什么办法和他取得联系？Television is an effective means of communication.Is there any means of contacting him?3.As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace,however,questions arise about how to use it appropriately.然而，随着这一技术不断迅猛发展，出现了如然而，随着这一技术不断迅猛发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。何合理使用它的问题。at a fast pace 快速社交媒体

15、继续快速增长。Since the middle of the 20th century,modern tourism has been growing at a fast pace around the world.Social media continues to grow at a fast pace.20世纪中叶以来，现代旅游在世界范围迅速兴起。arise v.1)(especially of a problem or a difficult situation)to happen;to start to exist 发生；产生；出现发生；产生；出现 新危机已经出现。We keep th

16、em informed of any changes as they arise.has arisen如有任何变化，我们随时通知他们。如有任何变化，我们随时通知他们。A new crisis_.身体上的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。Emotional or mental problems can _a physical cause.Many diseases arise from what people really dont know about in their daily life.许多疾病是由人们在日常生活中不了解的东西引起的。许多疾病是由人们在日常生活中不了解的东西引起的。aris

17、e from/out of arise v.2)to happen as a result of a particular situation（由（由）引起；（因）引起；（因）产生）产生拓展拓展arise,rise,arouse,raise 的区别 arise vi.出现，发生，起因于 arise（arose，arisen）Quarrels arose among the audience.rise vi.升起，起身，增长，上升 rise（rose，risen）Prices are rising now in our country.arouse vt.唤醒，激起，要接宾语。arouse（ar

18、oused，aroused）Their terrible suffering aroused our pity.raise vt.举起，提高，增加，饲养 raise(raised,raised)He was raised to the position of the chief engineer.risesarisingarouseraisepractice 1.I am glad to see China developing at a fast pace into the future.2.这个问题首次出现在这个问题首次出现在20202020年。年。Translate the follow

19、ing sentences.我很高兴地看到中国正以快速发展的姿态走向未来我很高兴地看到中国正以快速发展的姿态走向未来。The problem first arose in 2020.4.Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies?我们是否应该禁止遗传学我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它（基因组编辑技术）来使健康的身体家使用它（基因组编辑技术）来使健康的身体更加强健？更加强健？prohibit.from doing.禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事 法律禁止人们在该地区狩猎。The law _ people

20、 _animals in this area.学生不准在校内吸烟。Students are _on campus.prohibitsfrom huntingprohibited from smokingprohibitn.prohibitionadj.prohibitiveadv.prohibitivelyE.g.The prohibition against smoking on school grounds is strictly enforced.禁令，禁律禁止的，抑制的，（指价格等）过高的禁止地，过高地，过分地E.g.The cost of private treatment can

21、be prohibitive.拓展Canada will ban smoking in all offices later this year.加拿大将从今年晚些时候起在办公场所全面禁烟。His own pride forbids him to ask Arthurs help.The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from taking up this sport.他的自尊心不允许他开口向阿瑟求助。昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。ban,forbid,prohibit都含有一定的禁止之意 ban n./vt.banned/ba

22、nned禁止,禁令(=formal prohibition),指合法地或由于社会压力而禁止,含谴责或不赞成的态度,通常搭配形式:ban.from sth./doing sth.forbid vt.forbade/forbidden 禁止,不许,比prohibit通俗,用于较小事物,或个人、上级、官方、长辈做出的禁止命令、规定,或客观条件不允许,通常搭配形式:forbid sb.to do sth.prohibit vt.prohibited/prohibited禁止,不准(=forbid by authority),指通过法律、法令、警告等作出禁止命令的正式规定或规则,通常搭配形式:prohi

23、bit sb.from sth/doing sth.5.Philosophers,geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues.哲学家、遗传学家和政府官员都已开始全哲学家、遗传学家和政府官员都已开始全力解决这样的道德问题。力解决这样的道德问题。wrestle withto struggle to deal with sth that is difficult 努力处理；全力解决 她帮我解决了这个我好几个星期都在努力解决的问题。She helped me solve

24、the problem I_ for weeks.We must wrestle with the problem.had been wrestling with我们必须尽全力解决该问题。6.Without doubt,genome editing is one of the greatest innovations in the history of science.毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的创毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的创新之一。新之一。without doubtused when you are giving your opinion and emphasizing

25、 the point that you are making 毫无疑问；的确 This meeting has been,without doubt,one of the most useful we have had so far.We have to say bike sharing brings us more convenience without doubt.这无疑是我们迄今为止最有用的一次会议。我们不得不说共享自行车无疑给我们带来了更多的便利。relate to at a fast pacearise from/out ofprohibit sb from doing sthwre

26、stle withwithout doubt 涉及；与相关；谈到快速（由）引起；（因）产生禁止某人做某事努力处理，全力解决 毫无疑问，的确I.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below.affect contract identify means ariserelate to at a fast pace1.They are trying to _ what is wrong with the present system.2.An unhappy home enviro

27、nment can _ a childs growth.3.I am confident that new opportunities will _ and that you will ultimately achieve your ambition.4.Success of a man directly _ the choice made by himself.identifyaffectariserelates to affect contract identify means ariserelate to at a fast pace5.Business runs _ so I need

28、 to run to keep up.6.This is a two-year course taught by _ of lectures and seminars(研讨会).7.Paul _ a rare disease while exploring the rainforests of South America.at a fast pacemeanscontractedII.Translation.The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from taking up this sport.1.昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却

29、步。昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。(prohibit sb from doing sth)I spent two hours wrestling with my maths homework.2.我花了两个小时绞尽脑汁地做数学作业。(wrestle with)3.毫无疑问，她是该校最优秀的教师之一。，她是该校最优秀的教师之一。(without doubt）Without doubt,she is one of the best teachers in the school.Complete the news report with the correct forms of the wo

30、rds and phrases in the box below.pace means identify wrestle with cell fundamental affect without doubtWithout doubtidentifycellmeansaffectpacewrestling withfundamentalThe lecture transcript uses a number of words related to“gene”.Look at the examples,think of more word families with a similar patte

31、rn and fill in the table below.Possible answers:physics,economics,biology physical,economical(economic),biological physician,economist,biologist Learning to learn.Learn this“As”can be used in different structures to express different meanings.As a linking word,it can make your ideas and information

32、better organized.The lecture transcript uses different structures with“as”.Find the sentences in the lecture transcript.adv.（比较时用）像（比较时用）像一样，如同一样，如同conj.因为；由于因为；由于prep.作为；当作作为；当作conj.当时；随着conj.正如1.You might have heard this before.Some genes make you more likely to develop certain diseases.2.We need

33、to have appropriate controls on genome editing.It can be dangerous.3.New discoveries are being made.Geneticists gain a better understanding of our genes.Use different structures with“as”to join the sentences below.Possible answers:1.As you might have heard before,some genes make you more likely to d

34、evelop certain diseases.2.We need to have appropriate controls on genome editing,as it can be dangerous.3.As new discoveries are being made,geneticists gain a better understanding of our genes.practice 1.Do you know the meanings of the following words and phrases?Can you use them correctly?affect contract identify means ariserelate to at a fast paceprohibit sb from doing sth wrestle with without doubt 2.Can you figure out the different meanings of“as”?Can you use“as”properly?1.Read and try to remember the words and expressions of the reading part.2.Finish the exercise on page 70.