Unit 3 Careers and Skills Grammar and usage 名词性从句（ppt课件）-2023新牛津译林版（2020）《高中英语》选择性必修第四册.pptx

1、 Unit 3 Careers and Skills Grammar and usage12名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。考点一 引导词 名词性从句由不同的引导词引导,从句一般保持陈述语序。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为3类:引导词12345Subject clauseObject clausePredicative clauseAppositive clauseAs you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future,.Also,you will need to make sure any

2、loans you have are repaid on time.Another advantage is that you will be able to better provide for yourself and your family.,you might ask a question whether you should start your own business.It is no surprise that being ones own boss is appealing to many people.P34 nounthat12354that引导的名词性从句 that只起

3、连接作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。该从句作主语通常用it作形式主语,而将从句置于句末。(2019江苏高考)Scientists have obtained more evidence that plastic is finding its way into the human body.It is suggested that we should limit the amount of cars to improve our environment.只用whether不用if “是否”引导主语从句并用在句首、表语从句、同位语从句时The question is whether

4、technology is going to be our servant or our master.后面直接跟or not时 They now have two weeks to decide whether or not to buy.只用whether不用if “是否”后接动词不定式时，即whether to doIm just wondering whether to stay for another hour or just start off right now.用于介词后引导宾语从句时(2019浙江高考)But if hes out there every day and pl

5、aying hard,you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.wh-引导的名词性从句 wh-包括who,whom,whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever等连接代词和where,when,why等连接副词。wh-词既起连接作用,还可充当主语、宾语、表语和状语等。从句作主语也常用it作形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末。(2020天津高考)The student completed this experiment to make come tru

6、e what Professor Joseph had said.It remains to be seen how these obstacles will help or hurt its economy.what引导的名词性从句 what作连接代词引导的名词性从句，既可以表示一个问“什么?”的问题,也可以表示相当于“名词/代词+关系代词引导的定语从句”结构的意思,意思是“所的事/物”,相当于the thing(s)that/which.。如:This is what(=the thing that)we have been looking forward to for years.wh-

7、ever引导的名词性从句 wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句;而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。(2018天津高考)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever(anyone who)wins the first place in the bicycle race.No one is allowed to break the regulations,whoever(anyone who)he is.考点二 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句。通常放在主句谓语动词之前或 由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。I

8、t is+名词+从句 It is a fact that.事实是 It is good news that.是好消息 It is a question that.是个问题 It is common knowledge that.是常识It is good news that our team has won the championship.It is a pity that I have missed a wonderful boxing match.考点二 主语从句 It is+形容词+从句 It is necessary that.有必要 It is clear that.很清楚 It

9、is likely that.很可能 It is important that.重要的是It is likely that the goods have met with some accident on the way.It is strange that he should have gone away without telling us.考点二 主语从句 It is+过去分词+从句 It is said that.据说 It is reported that.据报道 It has been proved that.已证明 It must be pointed out that.必须指出

10、It is anticipated that such changes are likely to include a more automated workplace.It has been proved that every substance,no matter what it is,is made up of atoms.考点二 主语从句 It+be+不及物动词+that.It doesnt matter that.不重要/没关系 It happens that.碰巧发生.It seems/appears that.似乎 It occurred to me that 我突然想起It d

11、oesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.It happened that I was out that day.考点三 宾语从句 that 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,既可作动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语(作介词的宾语时必须由wh-疑问词引导)。1.that的省略与否 that引导宾语从句时,在句中不充当任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如果从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省略。如:He said(that)you were too young to understand the

12、matter and that he was asked not to tell you.考点三 宾语从句 it作形式宾语(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/makeit宾补(形容词或名词)不定式/从句(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoyit从句(3)动词短语see to/depend on/rely onit从句(4)固定搭配 take it for granted that（认为理所应当）/owe it to sb.that从句Lets make it a rule that we mustnt speak Chinese

13、in English class.I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.考点三 宾语从句 否定转移 think,believe,imagine,suppose等动词引导的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。I dont think the food here agrees with me.We dont believe he stole money from the shop.考点三 宾语从句 doubt的用法 动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中时,其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接

14、词;用在肯定句中时,连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可,而不用 that。Do you doubt that he will win the match?I dont doubt that he can do a good job of it.He often doubts whether/if he is adequate as a father.考点四 表语从句表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that 引导表语从句,无词义,只起连接作用,不可省略。(2018北京高考)Witho

15、ut his support,we wouldnt be where we are now.(2018江苏高考)By boat is the only way to get here,which is how we arrived.It looks as if a sandstorm is coming up.考点四 表语从句 whether可引导表语从句,但if不用于引导表语从句。The question is whether he will join us next time.That is because.指原因或理由。That is why.指由于各种原因所造成的后果。He did n

16、ot see the film last night.That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.He had seen the film before.That is why he did not see it last night.考点四 表语从句 reason 的用法 当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that引导而不是because。The reason why I was late was that my car broke down on the way.考点五 同位语从句 同位语从句用于对

17、前面出现的抽象名词作进一步解释说明。常见的名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision,word 等。We came to the decision that we must act at once.I have no idea when he will come back.We dont understand the problem why this is the best choice.that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别:同位语从句的that不充当句子

18、成分,且不可省略;that引导的定语从句成分是残缺的,that代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,充当宾语时可省略。We are glad at the news that he will come.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。从句中的虚拟语气表要求、建议、命令的宾语从句 一个坚持（insist）一敦促（urge）两个命令（order,command）四个建议（suggest,recommend,advise,propose）五个要求（demand,require,requ

19、est,desire,ask）从句中的谓语动词用（should）+do（动词原形）及其对应名词后的名词性从句也要用虚拟语气：suggestion、proposal、requirement、decision、idea、advice、order语法填空题考法第1步判断是否属于名词性从句;第2步判断名词性从句中的连接词;成分：若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,用连接代词;若缺少状语就用连接副词;意思：如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整,是否需要用whether/if;如果不缺少成分且意思完整用that。P35 B11.How do young people decide on a career?I wa

20、nt to know.(object clause)2.Does she have enough time to complete so many tasks?This is her doubt.(predicative clause)I want to know how young people decide on a career.Her doubt is whether she has enough time to complete so many tasks.P35 B13.The careers adviser suggests that people should think ca

21、refully before choosing a job.The suggestion is useful.(appositive clause)4.Where will my uncle open his new restaurant?It remains to be seen.(subject clause)The careers advisers suggestion that people should think carefully before choosing a job is useful.It remains to be seen where my uncle will open his new restaurant./Where my uncle will open his new restaurant remains to be seen.P35 B2thatthatwhether/ifHowthat