Unit 4 History and traditions 词汇（ppt课件）-2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、授课：希希History and Traditions搭配：be similar in 在方面相似be the same as 与相同 be different from 与不同be different in 在方面不同Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu?1.be similar to 与与相似相似 _n.相似性相似性similarityAlthough the twins are quite different,they _ each Although the twins are quite diffe

2、rent,they _ each other in several ways.other in several ways.What _ can you find between them?hat _ can you find between them?are are similar tosimilarities2.Achilles heel 希娜神话：阿喀琉斯的脚跟 (比喻)致命的弱点 Angela is a super scholar,but spoken English is her Achilles heel.When he gives me advice,I am all ears.他

3、给我提意见时，我他给我提意见时，我_.Sorry,Im all thumbs when I cook.很抱歉我一做饭就很抱歉我一做饭就_.My wife bought a mink coat that cost an arm and a leg.我妻子我妻子_买了一件貂皮大衣。买了一件貂皮大衣。笨手笨脚的笨手笨脚的洗耳恭听洗耳恭听花了一大笔钱花了一大笔钱典故出自荷马史诗伊利亚特(The Iliad)。特洛伊战争中，希腊联军阵营最骁勇善战的一支军队the Myrmidons是由Achilles率领的。Achilles在出生时，他的母亲Thetis替他做过特殊处理，因此全身刀枪不入。Thetis是

4、海中女神，天神Zeus和海神Poseidon对她都有意思，可是都不敢要她，因为命运注定她所生的儿子会比父亲更厉害。最后她下嫁凡人Peleus国王，生下Achilles之后，抱着他来到Styx河边来泡水，使他刀枪不入。可是因为手捏着他的后脚跟没泡到水，因而成了唯一的弱点。特洛伊城50个王子之首的Hector是维持特洛伊不倒的人物。他虽勇敢，可是最后面对Achilles决战时，仍被追着绕了城墙好几圈才敢停下来作战。在民间戏剧中，往往把Hector描绘为爱吹牛的角色，所以英文中有hectoring一词表示大吹大擂、说大话。Achilles于杀死Hector之后，亦被特洛伊城的巴里斯王子(Paris)

5、一箭射中后脚跟而阵亡。后人即以Achilles heel表示致命伤，最大的弱点。2.Achilles heel 希娜神话：阿喀琉斯的脚跟 (比喻)致命的弱点英语俚语：pull sb.s leg 同某人开玩笑 fly off the handle 大发雷霆 over the moon 欣喜若狂 laugh ones head（s）off 大笑不止，狂笑不已 be all ears 全神贯注地听，洗耳恭听 be childs play 极容易做；轻而易举 green fingers 园艺技能 last straw 救命稻草an early bird 早起的人 a wet blanket 扫兴的人

6、a lucky dog 幸运儿 a tough nut 难对付的人 fish out of water 因环境不熟悉而感到不舒服或尴尬的人3.Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.puzzle about/over sth 对某事感到迷惑puzzle sth out 琢磨出.的答案be in a puzzle about sth 对某事迷惑不解puzzled adj.感到迷惑的puzzling adj.令人费解的puzzlement n.迷惑；困惑word puzzl

7、e 字谜1.The first week was a little _.2.He wore a expression,maybe the problem was quite _.3.Some people are puzzled _ the fact that he is still single.4._（使我困惑的是）（使我困惑的是）is that I dont know the exact time for the test.5.She was puzzling the cause of the events.puzzling/confusingaboutpuzzledconfused3.

8、Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.puzzling/confusingWhat puzzles mepuzzle over 仔细琢磨，冥思苦想puzzle out 仔细考虑解决难题 overjoin.to.把.和.连接或联络起来join to 连接到；联结4.In the 16th century,the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.Every individual or

9、 group is joined to the world by the Internet.join in=take part in=participate in 参加join sb in doing sth 和某人一起做某事All the family join me in wishing you a happy future.4.In the 16th century,the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England.单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）The island is joined the mainlan

10、d by a bridge.（2）In the evening there was a barbecue，with the whole village（join）in the fun.（3）Do you know how many of them joinedthe research project?完成完成句子句子（4）将一段管子与相邻的管子连接起来。one section of pipe the next.tojoininginJointo 5.In the 20th century,the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK.b

11、reak break 短语：短语：break off 中断；折断 break out 突然发生，爆发break through 突破 break up 破碎；分解；解散；（关系）破裂break down（机器等）出故障；垮掉；分散；失败break in 破门而入；打断，插嘴break into 破门而入；突然起来The Union first consisted of several countries,which broke away _it later because of conflicts.It was the fact that his car broke _ on the way

12、this afternoon that made him late for the meeting.The fire broke _during the day,so almost no one was injured.Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken_.So am I.They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken _ the of

13、fice during the night.Startled by the sudden whistle of the train,the horse _(逃脱逃脱)fromdownoutupintobroke away6.result in 导致，造成【归纳拓展归纳拓展】result in 导致，造成+结果result from 起因于+原因【学法点拨学法点拨】多种“导致”：result in，lead to，bring about，contribute to，cause单句语法填空单句语法填空（1）The terrible accident resulted careless drivin

14、g.（2）The terrible accident results six deaths.（3）He studies very hard.As result，he now speaks brilliant English.（4）He has a preference for literature as a result the influence from his mother.frominaof7.refer to.as.把称为The American Indians referred to salt as“magic white sand”.美洲印第安人把盐称为“魔力白沙”。【学法点拨学

15、法点拨】“把看作/称为”的表达方式还有：treat.as.think of.as.regard.as.look on.as.view.as.consider.as注意：refer to 提到，谈到；涉及，关于；参考，查阅派生词：reference n.参考；查阅；参考书目；推荐信单句语法单句语法填空填空（1）The scientist referred to the discovery the most exciting newdevelopment in this field.（2）Who do you think the teacher is referring?（3）Write down

16、 the phone number of that restaurant for future（refer）.（4）You should refer this matter the head office for a decision.toasreferenceto8.belong to属于属于;是是的一员的一员eg:This bag belongs to him.He belongs to the third group.belong to无被动，无进行无被动，无进行belongings n.财物财物eg:These houses are her belongings.1.Lions bel

17、ong _ the cat family.2.The tourists（游客）（游客）lost all their _.(belong)tobelongings9.as well as同同(一样也一样也);和和;还还eg:He grows flowers as well as vegetables.他他既种菜也既种菜也种花。种花。A as well as B强调强调A，作主语时谓语动词的数与，作主语时谓语动词的数与A保持一致保持一致(就前原就前原则则）。有类似用法的还有。有类似用法的还有along with，together with，rather than，with等等1.Mike his

18、family likes to watch movies.2.Amy,her brothers is in Chengdu now.as well asas well as10.defence（n.）防御in defence of 防卫in ones defence 为某人辩护come to ones defence出来保护某人defend.from/against.保护免受eg.soldiers who died in defence of their country为保卫祖国而献身的战士 The areas flood defences are under repair.该地区的防洪工事正

19、在修理中。练习：（1）The town walls were built as a defence enemy attacks.（2）Two rescue workers came to his（defend）when the accidenthappened.（3）All the policemen have been trained to defend themselves the sudden attacks.againstdefenceagainst/from11.You will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups o

20、f people who took over at different times throughout history.adj.surrounding The teacher _(被孩子被孩子们包围着们包围着)_(surround)by lovely Children,the teacher wore a smile on her face.was surrounded by lovely Children.Summarysurround with.以以.包围包围.be surrounded with/by.被被.包围包围.Surroundedn.surroundings (复数复数)环境环

21、境12 evidence n.证据，证明搭配：搭配：There is evidence that.有证据表明give evidenceevidence（出庭）作证clear/strong evidenceevidence 明显的/充分的证据medical/scientific evidenceevidence 医学/科学证据At present we have no evidenceevidence of life on other planets.目前我们还没发现在其他行星上存在生命的证据。【词语积累词语积累】evident adj.清楚的；显然的It is evident that.很明显

22、练习：Enough（evident）shows that a balanced diet helps to avoid being overweight.All the evidence（show）that increasing use of chemicals in farming（be）damaging our health.evidenceshowsis13.achievement n.成就；成绩；达到achievable adj.可达到的；可实现的 achieve vt.实现；达到 vi.成功achieve ones success/goal/dream 取得成功/实现目标/实现梦想m

23、ake an achievement(in doing sth)(在某方面）取得成就ones achievement in.某人在某方面的成就a sense of achievement 成就感 It takes hard work (achieve)the final success.China sent up six manned spaceships and they were also great scientific (achieve)in the world.to achieveachievements14 location n.地方；地点；位置【词语积累词语积累】（1）locat

24、e vt.坐落于；位于；找出的位置locatelocate Berlin on the map 在地图上找出柏林的位置（2）located adj.处于；位于；坐落在be located in=be situated in=lie in位于（locate）where the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.Mount Huang _（位于）Anhui Province.Locatedis located in15 battle n.&v.（1）n.战役；搏斗a

25、long/lengthy battlebattle 旷日持久的斗争a tough/hard battlebattle 艰难的斗争fight a.battlebattle 打的仗win/lose a battlebattle 打赢/输掉一场仗accept the battle 应战（2）vi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗The mountain climbers had to battlebattle againstagainst great difficulties.登山队员不得不与艰难险阻搏斗。They battled for battled for freedom.他们为自由而战。battle ag

26、ainst 与.战斗battle for为.而战斗例如：她曾经与癌症抗争。She had battled against cancer.16 keep your eyes open（for）留心；留意Keep your eyes open for Keep your eyes open for a boy in a red cap and sweater.留意一下一个戴着红色帽子、穿着红色毛衣的男孩。keep短语：keep it up 坚持干，继续苦干keep up 保持；继续keep up with 跟上；保持同步；和保持联系keep back 阻止；隐瞒keep away（from）避免接

27、近（）keep sb.from doing.阻止某人做 keep off 使不接近keep on 继续 keep fit保持健康 keep ones promise履行诺言 keep in touch with 和.保持联系如果留意观察，你可以了解很多。If you，you can learn a great deal.我知道这不容易，但要坚持下去！别放弃！I know its hard，but!Dont give up!我感觉他隐瞒着某件事。I got the feeling he was.许多人跟不上技术的发展。Many people cannot the development of t

28、echnology keep it upkeep your eyes open keeping something backkeep up with01 free of charge17.charge vt.vt.充电；收费，控告充电；收费，控告 n.n.收费；指控；主管收费；指控；主管免费免费02 in charge of03 take charge of 0405charge sb for sth负责；主管负责；主管(介词词组介词词组)负责；主管负责；主管(动词词组动词词组)由由负责；主管负责；主管因因收某人的费用收某人的费用in the charge of 06charge sb wit

29、h sth 指控某人某事指控某人某事18.The manager announced at the meeting that Tom was fired.announce Vt.宣布；通知；声称宣布；通知；声称announce sth to sb 向某人宣告某事It is announced that.据宣布.announcement n.通告；宣告make an announcement 宣布announcer n.播音员(1)It is wise to announce the news the public.(2)The made an that all of the details s

30、hould through the broadcast.(announce)(3)It (announce)that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.toannouncerannouncementbe announcedis announced19.approach（v.）接近（n.）接近the approach of.的来临注意：the approach to doing sththe way to do/of doing sththe

31、 means of doing sththe method of/for doing sth做某事的方法 With the college entrance examination (approach),some students are getting more and more nervous.The typhoon (approach)to Hong Kong.approachingapproaching20.ensure vt.保证；确保；担保（=make sure）单句单句语法填空语法填空（1）I cant（sure）that he will be there on time.完成句

32、子完成句子（2）Please（确保）all the windows are closed.The storm is approaching.（3）The polices duty is to（确保的安全）citizens.ensuremake sureensure the safety of21 generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的be generous to sb对某人慷慨It is generous of sb to do sth某人做某事是大方的generosity（n.）慷慨，大方generously（adv.）慷慨地，大方地反义词：mean 小气的 （你真慷慨）to sh

33、are your food with me，Jack.The volunteers are very generous the kids.It is generous of youto22 position n.位置；姿态；职位；处境，状况in/out of position在/不在适当的位置上put/place sb in a good position使某人处于有利的位置注意：当 position，situation，point，case，stage 等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词且关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句常用 where 引导。They are now in a better po

34、sition where they can be very successful this year.他们现在处于一个较好的境况中，今年他们可能会很成功。23.eager adj.热切的热切的;渴望的渴望的be eager for.急于得到急于得到be eager to do sth渴望做某事渴望做某事eg:She is eager for money.She is eager to travel.She was eager to learn(learn)more words.24.have an influence/effect/impact on sb对某人有影响对某人有影响翻译：计算机对

35、现代生活产生了巨大的影响。The computer has a great influence/effect/impact on modern life.=The computer influences/affects modern life greatly.25.greet(n./v.)问候，迎接问候，迎接greet with sb以以.方式和某人问候方式和某人问候greeting(n.)问候，招呼问候，招呼The changes were greeted with suspicion.这些变革受到人们的质疑。26.custom(n.)风俗，习惯风俗，习惯customs 海关，习惯海关，习惯

36、custom officers 海关官员海关官员翻译：庆祝春节是我们的一个传统习俗。The celebration of the Spring Festival in China is one of our traditional customs.27.crowd n.&v.（1）n.人群；一群人；民众搭配搭配：a crowd of/crowds of 一群；许多crowd into.挤进crowd in（on sb.）（想法、问题等）涌上（某人心头），涌入（某人脑海）be crowded with 充满，满是My father argued me out of going to the We

37、st Coast because it was crowded tourists.In（crowd）places like airports and railway stations，you must take care of your luggage.withcrowded28.So whats the difference between them,if any?所以如果有区别的话，区别是什么呢？if any是是if there is/are any at all的省略形式，起加强语气的作用。的省略形式，起加强语气的作用。if necessary 如果有必要的话如果有必要的话if poss

38、ible 如果可能的话如果可能的话if not 如果不是的话如果不是的话 if so 如果是这样的话如果是这样的话if ever 如果有过如果有过/发生过的话发生过的话a)Will you get a free evening next week?,lets have a dinner.b)Is everybody feeling cold?,lets open the window.c),you can turn to me for help.d)Please try to find out the differences between the two words.,speak it out.If soIf notIf necessaryIf any