Unit 4 现在分词与过去分词的区别（ppt课件）-2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》选择性必修第二册.pptx

1、现在分词现在分词-ing VS 过去分词过去分词-ed The next day was clear and mild,they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.(Para.1)Seen from the train window,the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.(Para.2)For both of them,the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was

2、exciting.(Para.1)Looking at the beautiful scenery,they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.(Para.2)课前诵读如果句中已经存在一个如果句中已经存在一个 动词，动词，那么在没有那么在没有 的情况下，的情况下，这个句子就是这个句子就是 句，句，那么那么,另一个动词要选用另一个动词要选用 动词。动词。谓语谓语连词或引导词连词或引导词简单简单非谓语非谓语Exercise 1 判断下列句子应使用（判断下列句子应使用（A.A.谓语谓语）还是）还是

3、 (B.B.非谓语动词非谓语动词)。（1）The book _(write)by San Mao.（2）I like reading the novels _(write)by San Mao.writtenwas written（3）He_(go)into the classroom,opened his book and wrote on the blackboard.（4）Although it is winter now,the tree in the school campus _(look)beautiful.wentlooks（5）The girl that lives in t

4、he city _(make)a phone call to the farmer yesterday.（6）She got off the bus,but _(leave)her book in the bus.（7）She got off the bus,_(hold)her book.（8）_(drive)by a burning desire for adventure,Li Ming left home and started to travel around his early twentiesmadeleftholdingDriven21 Summary总结:判断非谓语动词的形式

5、：表目的和将来，用_ 表主动和进行，用_ 表被动和完成，用_确定谓语动词 or 非谓语动词？填非谓语动词：句子中已有 且无 。逻辑主语逻辑主语与非谓语与非谓语之间之间谓语动词谓语动词连词或引导词连词或引导词不定式不定式to do现在分词现在分词doing过去分词过去分词done非谓语动词现在分词现在分词 VS过去分词过去分词的区别的区别1.作作表表语语2.作状语作状语3.作定语作定语4.作宾补作宾补用法：用法：现在现在分词分词作表语表示作表语表示主语的特征主语的特征(令人令人/使别人感到使别人感到)。过去过去分词分词作表语表示作表语表示主语的状态主语的状态或者主观心理感受或者主观心理感受。注意

6、：很多注意：很多作表语的现在分词和过去分词都变成了形容词作表语的现在分词和过去分词都变成了形容词,和系动词和系动词 (be,seem,remain,feel,look等等)连用连用，或者用作或者用作定语定语修饰名词修饰名词例句：例句：1.The music is much (please)to the ear.2.I am very (please)to help you.pleasingpleased3.The story is very _(move),and we were deeply _(move).4.Going into the wilderness alone can be _

7、（frighten）.5.Do you feel _（frighten)when going into the wilderness alone?6.His eyes opened wide with a _(frighten)look.7.The young NBA basketball king James is _(marry)8.She seemed totally _(absorb)in her book.movingfrightenedfrighteningmovedfrightenedmarriedabsorbed用法：用法：现在分词现在分词作定语表示作定语表示_?_和和_?_。

8、vt.的过去分词的过去分词作定语表示作定语表示_?_和和_?_,vi.的过去分词的过去分词作定语只表示作定语只表示_?_。语态上的区别：现在分词语态上的区别：现在分词_?_?_；过去分词；过去分词 _?_ _?_ a （fly)bird（一只飞鸟（一只飞鸟）a （fall)leaf（一片落叶（一片落叶）_（rise)sun（冉冉升起（冉冉升起）（pollute)water（污水）污水）the （rule）class（统治阶级）（统治阶级）the （rule)class(被统治阶级）被统治阶级）flyingfallenrisingpollutedrulingruled用法：用法：现在分词现在分词

9、作定语表示作定语表示主动主动和和进行进行。vt.的过去分词的过去分词作定语表示作定语表示被动被动和和完成完成,vi.的过去分词的过去分词作定语只表示作定语只表示完成完成。语态上的区别：现在分词语态上的区别：现在分词主动；过去分词主动；过去分词被动被动 a （fly)bird（一只飞鸟（一只飞鸟）a （fall)leaf（一片落叶（一片落叶）_（rise)sun（冉冉升起（冉冉升起）（pollute)water（污水）污水）the （rule）class（统治阶级）（统治阶级）the （rule)class(被统治阶级）被统治阶级）flyingfallenrisingpollutedruling

10、ruled时间上的区别：现在分词时间上的区别：现在分词正在进行；过去分词正在进行；过去分词已经完成已经完成 一片叶子：一片叶子：a （fall)leaf（正在飘落）（正在飘落）a （fall）leaf(已经落下已经落下)一个国家：一个国家：a （develop）country（发展中）（发展中）a （develop）country(发展过发展过)水：水：（boil）water（正在沸腾）（正在沸腾）(boil)water(已经烧开已经烧开)fallingfallendevelopingdevelopedboilingboiledThere is a nice picture _(hang)on

11、 the wall.People got water by dropping a bucket _(tie)to a rope.hanging练习：练习：tied语法研析练 Seen from the hill the park looks very beautiful.Seeing the scenery from the top of the mountain,(=When I see the scenery from the top of the),I was fascinated by the autumn colors.过去分词做状语，相当于由when,while,until等连词引

12、导的_从句。时间状语被动主动(=When it is seen from the hill),Touched by his teachers words,the boy cried.=The boy was touched by his teachers words,so he cried.过去分词做_状语，相当于原因状语或者并列结构。原因语法研析练 Compared with you,we still have a long way to go.=If we are compared with you,we still 过去分词做条件状语，相当于由_,unless等引导的条件状语从句。if语

13、法研析练Laughed at by his classmates,he insisted on attending the speech competition.(=Although he was laughed at by his classmates),he过去分词做让步状语，相当于由 although，though，even if,even though等连词引导的_从句.让步状语语法研析练Led by a school girl,the blind man crossed the road.=The blind man was led by a school girl and cros

14、sed the road.过去分词做伴随或方式状语，相当与_连接的并列结构。and语法研析练Once discovered,the mistakes must be corrected.If given the same treatment again,he is sure to get well.连词特别提醒1.有时过去分词做状语，前面可加_用以强调或补全句意，常用的连词有：when,once,if,though,although,unless.2.过去分词(短语)作状语时，过去分词(短语)的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，否则，分词(短语)前应加上自己的主语。这种带有自身主语的过去分词(短语)被

15、称为过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构。过去分词(短语)的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。The test （finish)，we began our holiday.The boy lay on his back，his hands (cross)under his head.Much time (spend)sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.The man lay there,his hands .(tremble)特别提醒finishedcrossed

16、spenttrembling3.动词ing形式与过去分词作状语的区别在于两者与其逻辑主语的主动与被动关系。在于两者与其逻辑主语的主动与被动关系。(1)动词动词-ing形式作状语时，动词形式作状语时，动词-ing形式的动作就是句子主语发出的动形式的动作就是句子主语发出的动作，它们之间是作，它们之间是主动关系主动关系。动词。动词-ing形式动作与谓语动作形式动作与谓语动作同时发生同时发生用一用一般式般式doing；如果动词；如果动词-ing形式的动作形式的动作发生在谓语动作之前发生在谓语动作之前，表示已经，表示已经完成，表示主动就用完成，表示主动就用having done，表示被动就用，表示被动就

17、用having been done。（walk)along the street，I met a friend of mine.（finish)their work，they went home to have a rest._(tell)about the risk of electric shocks,she is very careful while using hairdryers.特别提醒WalkingHaving finishedHaving been told1.Followed by a nurse,the doctor appeared.The doctor appeared

18、，_he was followed by a nurse.2.Though we are beaten,we were not discouraged._ _,we were not discouragedandThough beaten3.I wont go to the meeting,even if I am invited.I wont go to the meeting,even if _.4.Although the brave soldier was wounded,he continued to fight._ _,the brave soldier continued to

19、fight.5.After the question was settled,they felt greatly relieved._ _ _,they felt greatly relieved.invitedAlthough woundedThe question settled7._(compare)Shanghai with Xian,we found Shanghai is larger.=_(compare)with Xian,Shanghai is larger.ComparingCompared巩固练习即学即练excitesatisfytireboreP41练习2即学即练 bo

20、re excite tire satisfy1.We became _ when thinking about those beautiful locations in Finland.We expected to experience a lot of _ things there.想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里检验很多令人激动的事情。excitedexciting感到激动的令人激动的做表语做定语P41练习2.即学即练 bore excite tire satisfy2.We went to bed as soon as we arrived at the hotel b

21、ecause we were so _.The eight hour train ride was quite _.由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八个小时的火车行程令人疲惫不堪。tiredtiring感到累的令人疲倦的做表语做表语即学即练 bore excite tire satisfy3.I was not _ with the hotel.It was not as clean as I expected.But we had a _ meal at the hotels restaurant,so I felt a bit better later on.我对这家宾馆不满意，它

22、的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不过我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好一些了。satisfiedsatisfying感到满意的做表语令人满意的做定语即学即练 bore excite tire satisfy4.It was raining hard the next day,so we just stayed in the hotel and watch TV.Sadly,the TV programmes that day were _.As we had nothing else to do,we felt pretty _.第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是带在宾馆看电视。不幸的

23、是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊赖。令人厌烦的做表语boringbored感到厌烦的做表语即学即练P41练习1.Practice and Apply(1)see frighten head amaze 1.The girls were _ to see such an open country.即学即练amazed修饰感到惊讶的姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。The farm covered a very large area,which was _.amazing修饰令人惊讶的表语 see frighten head amaze 2.Going

24、 into the wilderness alone can be _.即学即练frightening修饰独自一人进入荒野令人害怕。你一个人进入荒野感到害怕吗？Do you feel _ when going into the wilderness alone?frightened修饰令人害怕的表语感到害怕的 see frighten head amaze 3._ from the top of the mountain,the scenery was really fascinating.即学即练Seen景色被人从山顶上看到从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引

25、。_ the scenery from the top of the mountain,I was fascinated by the autumn colours.Seeing人从山顶看风景状语被动关系主语主语主动关系即学即练4._ eastwards,you will pass the Canadian Rockies.Finally,the company _ by its new manager stared to make a profit.Heading see frighten head amaze Headed主动关系被动关系状语往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。最终，在新经理的带

26、领下，公司开始盈利。P41练习3.即学即练Example:Step 1切分主句与改写部分Step 2找到改写部分的动词Step 3找到逻辑主语Step 4确定主被动关系改写部分主句部分时间状语被动关系即学即练P41练习3.Rewrite the sentences 1.Butchart Gardens was transformed from a quarry.It has now become a famous destination for travellers._ _ 2.If you compare Quebec City with other cities in Canada,it

27、seems more like a charming European village._ Transformed from a quarry,Butchart Gardens has now become a famous destination for travellers.Compared with other cities in Canada,Quebec City seems more like a charming European village.P41练习3.3.They did not know where to start their sightseeing in Luoy

28、ang,so they went to the Tourist Information Centre._ _4.When they heard that the Sea-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination._Not knowing where to start their sightseeing in Luoyang,they went to the Tourist Information Centre.Hearing that the Sea

29、-to-Sky Highway was Canadas most scenic drive,they made West Vancouver their first destination.P41练习1.1.（2022新高考I卷）_(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park,the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.2.（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum f

30、or International Cooperation _(hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute(致敬)to the ancient Silk Road.3.（2022全国甲卷）He flew 4,700 kilometers from Xian to Kashgar on Sept.20,_(plan)to hike back to Xian in five months.高考真题Coveringheldplanning4.（2022全国乙卷）_(strengthen)the connec

31、tion with young people,the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media,_(invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.5.（2022年新高考2卷）Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend.When he saw a

32、 young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台),Henry ran one hundred metres,jumped over a 1.2-metre fence,and held out his arms to catch the _(fall)child.To strengtheninvitingfalling高考真题6.（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it high

33、lights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your _ (ache)legs.7.（2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空）In 1985,urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries _ (study)had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.achingstudied高考真题8.（2021.1 浙江卷浙江卷 语法填空）语法填空）This may b

34、e due to some disadvantages for people (live)in the countryside,including lower levels of income and education,higher costs of healthy foods,and fewer sports facilities.9.（2021.3 天津卷 单选）Chinas National Highway 318，(extend)over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu,Tibet,is known as the heavenly

35、road for its amazing views.10.（2020新课标I卷）I like eating (fry)tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must to be easy to cook.livingfriedextending高考真题11.（2020新课标II卷语法填空）They represent the earth (come)back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.12.（2020新课标II卷语法填空）They make great gifs and you see them m

36、any times (decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.13.（2020新课标III卷语法填空）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds (surround)the mountain tops,he was reduced to ingdecoratedsurrounding高考真题14.(2020浙江卷语法填空)Later，they learned to work with the seasons，planting at

37、 the right time and，in dry areas,_(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.15.（2020江苏卷）Technological innovations,_(combine)with good marketing,will promote the sales of these products.16.（2020（天津卷)_(complete)in 1931,the Empire State Building,the highest skyscraper until 1954,inspired the imagination of the world.makingcombinedCompleted高考真题