Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 定语从句（ppt课件）(5)-2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、Book1 Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures STEP 1:学习目标 11.理解什么是定语从句2.分清关系代词的用法3.能够完成语法填空相关练习，恰当运用定语从句写作STEP 2:问题导学1.什么是定语，什么是定语从句？2.英语和汉语中的定语从句位置上有什么区别？3.定语从句中的关系代词是哪五个？4.定语从句中的关系代词什么时候只用that？STEP 2:问题导学一1.看视频，回答什么是定语2.什么是从句？STEP 3:点拨运用（一）”-的“为定语，表示修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。从句：从属于某个主句的句子叫从句。STEP 2:问题导学（二

2、）1.英语和汉语中的定语从句，定语的位置有什么区别？2.定语从句中有哪些关系代词？STEP 3:点拨运用（二）观察意义对等的英汉句子，找出句子的对应部分 People,A who take medicine to lose weight,B are most likely to harm their health,C.服用药物减肥的，c人，b很可能损害他们的健康，a。答案：A-c，B-b，C-a。结论：英语中定语从句放修饰词后，作后置定语，以引导词作为标志;汉语中定语从句放修饰词前，以“的”为标志。定语从句有哪些引导词，引导词分为几类？翻译下列句子，把定语从句的引导词进行分类。1.All th

3、at glitters isnt gold.2.Vienna is a place where top musicians gather.发光的不一定都是金子。引导词 that 是关系代词。维也纳是顶尖音乐家的聚集地。引导词that，those是关系代词。3.Gods helps those who help themselves.4.Gone are the days when teachers were looked down upon.自助者天助引导词where是关系副词教师受歧视的日子一去不复返了。引导词where,when 是关系副词。STEP 2:问题导学（三）1.定语从句涉及的三

4、要素是什么？2.关系词的作用有哪些？STEP 3:点拨运用（三）定语从句“三要素”1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词指人的先行词指物的先行词 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。He has passed the driving test,which surprises all of us.(which替代前面所叙述的事情)先行词2.关系词：引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用替代先行词（替代作用）引导定语从句（连接作用）充当句子成分（成分作用）(2)关系词的分类标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类关系代词：在从句中做 主，宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose

5、/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)定语从句“三要素”STEP 2:问题导学（四）1.关系代词的用法2.关系副词的用法STEP 3:点拨运用（四）关系代词先行词在从句中的成分that物、人主、宾who人主Whom人宾（一般在动词、介词后面）Which物主、宾whose人、物定关系代词用法总结关系副词用法总结关系副词词义在从句中的成分能否省略how（ever）（无论）如何方式状语不能省when（ever）（无论）何时时间状语不能省where（ever）（无论）在哪地点状语不能省why为什么原因状语不能省STEP 2:问题导学（五）1.什么时候用关系代词，什么时候用关系

6、副词？2.什么时候只用that不用which？定语从句的解题方法(1)去掉关系词，从句完整，则用关系副词；不完整，则用关系代词充当成分。(2)准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状)从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词。STEP 3:点拨运用（五）1.And it may even become the winning choicebut be sure to carefully evaluate every school ()has accepted you,since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.

7、当先行词前有all,every,any 等不定代词修饰时，关系代词多用that,少用whichthat2.（浙江卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool（）gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.3.（江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online,from _ students can choose for free.that/whichwhich介词+关系代词4.（天津卷）Dr.Rowan,_ secreta

8、ry resigned two weeks ago,has had to do all his own typing.5.（新课标卷）In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike（逼真的，栩栩如生的）.whose罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。_ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，翻译成“的”whoseSTEP 4 课堂小结回答问题 什么是定语从句。关系代词和关系副词有哪些？关系代词的作用是什么？关系副词的作用是什么？6.We have enter

9、ed into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.7.（天津卷）Their child is at the stage_ she can say individual words but not full sentences.when句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。where句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一个定语从句，先行词是the s

10、tage，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。STEP 5 当堂检测常见的抽象地点名词有:point,case,activity,situation,position,occasion,job,race,letter,platform,letter,email,policy,environment 等等。一、看例句，加深理解。You reach a point where medicine cant help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。We have reached a point where a change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。There are

11、 cases where the word“mighty”is used as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。8.（全国I卷；改错）One afternoon where I was in primary school,I was walking by the school playground.9

12、.（全国II卷）Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，_ she opened with her late husband Les.分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。which10（全国I卷，改错）They also had a small pond which they raised fish.My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by selling the fish.答案：which改成in which或where考查定语从句的关系词。他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pond是先行词，其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用in which或where。感谢您欣赏THANKS