Unit5 词汇精讲（ppt课件）-2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、Words and expressions1.classical klskl:adj.古典(文艺)的;经典的;传统的 classical music:古典音乐 a classical movie:经典影片classic adj.典型的；最优秀的2.hip-hop hphp:n.嘻哈音乐;嘻哈文化 hip-hop music:嘻哈音乐3.techno tekn:n.泰克诺音乐 (一种节奏快,通常无歌声相伴的音乐)词源：来自词源：来自technology(科技科技)的逆构词的逆构词musicFolk music(民族音乐)Rock n roll(摇滚音乐)Classical music (古典音乐

2、)Jazz (爵士乐)Choral(合唱)Country music (乡村音乐)Rap(说唱音乐)Orchestra(管弦乐)_ adj.精力充沛的精力充沛的;积极的积极的energetic精力充沛精力充沛有精力做某事有精力做某事 1.Running is cheap,easy and its always _(energy).2.He works so hard that he doesnt have the energy _(exercise).energeticto exercise adv.energetic4.energy n.能量能量;能源能源;精力精力 易混词易混词区别区别en

3、ergystrengthpowerforce易混辨析：易混辨析：energy/strength/power/force指人的精力、活力或自然界的能源指人的精力、活力或自然界的能源指指“体力体力;力气力气”;指指“强项强项(s);长处长处”“力力;力量力量”;指人或国家甚至是某个机构的指人或国家甚至是某个机构的权力、势力或影响力权力、势力或影响力强制力量，暴力，武力等强制力量，暴力，武力等选词填空选词填空:energy/strength/power/force1.Matters of this kind should be solved in a peaceful way instead of

4、by means of _.2.She interviewed six women who had reached positions of great _ and influence.3.The ability to keep calm is one of her many _.4.Since I started eating healthily.Ive got much more _.forcepowerenergystrengths5.soul sl:n.灵灵魂魂;心心灵灵1)This classical movie touched my heart/soul.2)We must ser

5、ve the people heart and soul.6.bagpipes bpaps:n.风笛风笛合成法：bag(袋子)+pipe(管子)：插在袋子上的管子风笛7.stringed strd:adj.有弦有弦的的 string str:n.弦弦;绳索绳索;线线 stringed instrument:弦弦乐器乐器Violin is a stringed instrument.8.virtual vtul:adj.很接近很接近的的;事事实上实上的的;虚虚拟的拟的 virtually adv.virtual worlds 虚拟世界虚拟世界choir kwa(r):n.合合唱唱团团 virtu

6、al choir:虚虚拟合唱拟合唱团团virtue美德_ vt.组成组成;创作创作 _ n.作曲者作曲者;作曲家作曲家composecomposerThe _ which was _ by the _ is _ of many modern and classical elements(元素元素).(compose)position n.成分成分;作品作品;作文作文=be made up of 词根词缀：com-(一起)+pose(放置)：放到一起构成10.opportunity 把握住把握住/抓住抓住/利用机会做利用机会做.珍惜机会珍惜机会You should take _ of this

7、opportunity and try to make a good impression on them.AcareBadvantageCchargeDplaceBA 关系、照顾；B 利用；C 掌管、负责；D 代替；句意：你应该利用这个机会尽量给他们留下好的印象。故B正确。(1)(2)n.表演者表演者;演员演员 n.C表演表演;表现表现;U执行执行 表演节目表演节目履职尽责履职尽责做手术做手术/实验实验表现很好表现很好/很差很差performer performance 学习成绩学习成绩 11.perform 语段填空语段填空:The _ wonderful _ made the audie

8、nce moved.(perform)_ an operation calls for devotion and carefulness(perform)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted,Henry did his best _(perform)his duty.performersperformancesPerformingto perform12.ordinary adj.普通的；平凡的（事事）每天发生，平淡无奇）每天发生，平淡无奇（人人）无特别之处，普通人）无特别之处，普通人（多指（多指物物）很常见，不稀奇）很常见，不稀奇

9、常见、常闻和常做的事常见、常闻和常做的事或举动，或举动，强调惯常性强调惯常性普遍的普遍的，很少有例外情况，语气强于，很少有例外情况，语气强于commonin the ordinaryout of the ordinary一般地；通常地一般地；通常地不寻常；出乎意料不寻常；出乎意料1.To select the best volunteers，you need to take into consideration their abilities,experience and _ performance.2.Arriving at the clinic five minutes after the

10、 due time is a(n)_ practice in Western countries.3.It is good because it is written in friendly,_ language.4.Whats the _ idea of Passage A?usualcommonordinarygeneral归纳拓展：归纳拓展：The new test should enable doctors _(detect)the disease early.So far we havent been able _(find)anything,but were still resea

11、rching.你应该养成早睡早起的习惯，这能使你保持精力充沛。你应该养成早睡早起的习惯，这能使你保持精力充沛。我们的政府现在非常重视教育，这使许多人能够接受更好的教育。我们的政府现在非常重视教育，这使许多人能够接受更好的教育。to detectto find You should foster a habit of sleeping early and getting up early,which enables you to keep energetic.Our government attaches much importance to education now,which enable

12、s many people to be well educated.13.enable vt.She has proved her innocence to us.The fingerprints on the knife proved him(to be)the murderer.This just proves that I am right.For this case,we need more .prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事向某人证明某事prove sb/sth(to be)+adj./n.证明某人或某事是证明某人或某事是prove that.证明证明14.prove

13、v.证明证明;展现展现;证明是证明是 n.证明证明;证据证据proof 即学即练即学即练:1.Just give me a chance and Ill prove it _you.2.Can you prove _ you are not telling a lie?3.那个设计后来证明很成功。那个设计后来证明很成功。_4.她证明了自己是一个诚实的人。她证明了自己是一个诚实的人。_to that She proved herself(to be)an honest girl.She proved that she was an honest girl.The design proved(to

14、 be)very successful/a great success.win/receive/get an award(of+money)for sth give sb an award 15.award1)She was awarded the prize _ the film.2)Its said that she received an award _ 1,000 dollars?他因品行优良被授予奖章。A medal _award sth to sb(for sth)award sb sth(for sth)for of was awarded to him for his good

15、 conduct.16.conduct conductor传导;引导;实施,执行 行为;实施导体导体,引导者引导者conduction n.传导，传输传导，传输17.fall in love with.:爱上爱上(强调动作强调动作)be in love with.:爱上爱上(强调状态强调状态)1)He fell in love with Mozarts classical music when he sang for the university choir.18.original rdnl:n.原件原件;原原作作 adj.原来原来的的;独独创创的的;原原作的作的 originally:adv

16、.原原来来;起初起初 origin rdn:n.起起源源;源头源头;身身世世Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan.传说端午节的起源是为了纪念屈原的灵魂。传说端午节的起源是为了纪念屈原的灵魂。originate v.起源；发源；创立；创建；发明19.phenomenon fnmnn:(复数复数phenomena)现象现象 cultural/natural/social phenomena：文化：文化/自然自然/社会现象社会现象1)Since then,t

17、he virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon.2)The picture describes a very common phenomenon in our society.n.现象;奇迹;杰出人才phenomenal adj.非凡的，杰出的非凡的，杰出的20.thus s:adv.如如此此;因此因此;所以所以;于是于是 so:conj.因此因此;所以所以 thereforeef(r):adv.因此因此;所以所以1)She wants to enter a key university.Thus/Therefore,she studies

18、 harder and harder.2)He doesnt live here.Thus(,)I think he has parted(分开分开)with his wife.3)He doesnt live here,so I think he has parted with the woman.21.rap rp:n.快速敲快速敲击击;说说唱音乐唱音乐 v.敲敲击击;(说说唱歌中唱歌中的的)念白念白 knock on/at.:敲敲(门门/窗等窗等)rap on.:敲敲.1)I fell in love with rap music when I was a teenager.2)Ther

19、e was a sharp rap on the door.3)She rapped angrily on the door.4)The kids of the band not only rapped but also sang.能够做某事 1)Shes a capable/an able teacher/doctor.2)My father is a strong,capable man.3)The human body doing many things,such as jumping high,running very fast.22.capable (adj.)有能力有能力的的;有有

20、才能的才能的=ablen.能力能力 capabkepblti=ability adj.没有能没有能力的力的=unable 1)a sense of relief 解脱感解脱感2)relieve vt.减轻减轻,缓和缓和23.relief n.(焦虑、痛苦的焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除减轻或消除;(不快过后的不快过后的)宽慰或解脱宽慰或解脱令某人宽慰的是令某人宽慰的是如释重负如释重负,宽慰地宽慰地解除某人的负担解除某人的负担 Hearing the news,Della burst into laughter relief.our relief,most children have a chance

21、 to good education.The new secretary will relieve us some of the paperwork.in/withTo of 治疗或纠正治疗或纠正.的药物的药物/方法方法24.cure v.治愈治愈;治好治好(疾病疾病);解决解决(问题问题)n.药物药物;治疗治疗;There is still no cure _ cancer.A pretty girl does not cure a man _ fever.forof知识拓展：知识拓展：of 控告某人犯某事控告某人犯某事remind sb of sth 提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事warn

22、sb of sth 警告某人某事警告某人某事rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物抢劫某人某物 suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人某事怀疑某人某事be absorbed in(doing)sth 在句中作状语、定语时在句中作状语、定语时,常用其过去分词形式常用其过去分词形式absorbed in.类似的结构还有类似的结构还有:be lost in.陷入陷入;专心致志于专心致志于be caught in.被困在被困在be buried in.埋头于埋头于be devoted to.致力于致力于;专心于专心于concentrate on.:专心于专心于.put ones heart i

23、nto.:专心于专心于.focus on.:特别关注特别关注;聚焦于聚焦于25.absorbed in sth/sb 被被吸引住吸引住;专心致志专心致志专心致志做专心致志做.先于；在之前 adv.先前地；以往地单句语法填空：Previous _ this,shed always been well.I havent met him _(previous)topreviously26.previous adj.先前的；以往的先前的；以往的 _ v.雇佣雇佣;使用使用 _ n.雇工雇工;雇员雇员 _ n.雇主雇主;老板老板 _ n.雇用雇用;职业职业;就业就业 hire/employ sb.雇佣某

24、人雇佣某人 解雇某人解雇某人employ sb.as sth.雇用某人当雇用某人当 employ sb.to do sth.雇用某人做某事雇用某人做某事27.unemployed adj.失业的失业的;待业的待业的fire/dismiss sb.1.The government has promised to take measures to help the _(employ).2.The woman was employed _(watch)over the old during his absence.3.She has been employed _ a secretary in a

25、big company in Shanghai.4.It is a fact beyond debate that the _(employ)pressure of graduates is heavy.unemployedto watch asemployment即学即练即学即练:n.巨大影响强大作用、冲击力impact28.impact mpkt:n.巨巨大影大影响响;强强大作大作用用;冲冲击击力力 mpkt:v.有影响有影响/作用作用;冲冲击击 have an impact on.:对对有影响有影响 have an/no effect/influence on:对对有有/无效果无效果(作

26、用作用/影响影响)力力争做争做.;目的是目的是.瞄准；针对；目的在于瞄准；针对；目的在于2)瞄准瞄准 以以.为目标为目标;目的是目的是 achieve the aim/goal:实现目标实现目标3)aimless adj.无目的的无目的的 aimlessly adv.无目的地无目的地e.g.Trust me!Im not aiming at you!29.aim29.aim n.n.目的；目标目的；目标 vi.&vt.vi.&vt.力求达到；力争做到；力求达到；力争做到；瞄准瞄准 All our projects aim _(promote)the development of poor an

27、d remote communities.Earth Day,marked on 22 April,is an annual event _(aim)to raise public awareness about environmental protection.She started the Ladybug Foundation,an organization _(aim)at getting rid of homelessness.Jane moved _(aimless)down the tree-lined street,not knowing where she was headin

28、g.to promote aiming aiming/aimed aimlessly30.set sth.up 安装好（设备或机器）;设立；建立set down 记下；写下记下；写下set aside 把把放在一边；省出放在一边；省出;不顾不顾set off 出发；动身；使爆炸出发；动身；使爆炸set out 出发；动身；着手做出发；动身；着手做set about doing sth.set out to do sth.开始做某事开始做某事e.g.A new government was set up after the war.31.equipment kwpmnt:n.设设备备;装备装备(

29、不不可数名可数名词词)equip:v.(equipped-equipping)装备装备;配备配备;使使具备具备1)The engineer has set up all the equipment.2)Last month we bought new equipment for the labs.常用的不可数名词有常用的不可数名词有：advice,news,weather,climate,information,baggage/luggage,wealth,paper,work,homework,housework,paperwork,equipment,room/space(空间空间),gr

30、ammar,evidence,fun,practice,wood,progress,furniture,cash,money,change(零零钱。作为钱。作为“变化变化”讲讲时，有单复数时，有单复数。),garbage/rubbish,cloth,clothing,ink,blood,bread,water,air,sweat,milk,tea,juice,beer,wine,rain,snow,ice,fog,soil,oil,silk,wool,sand,sugar,heat,coal,cheese,meat,rice,corn,wheat,corn,butter,soup,oxygen

31、,gold,grass,食食物物,粮食粮食,金金属等。不可数名词没有单数、复数，属等。不可数名词没有单数、复数，前面不可前面不可加加a/an,不可以给它们加不可以给它们加s或者或者es。它们前面可以加它们前面可以加:the,this,that,some,any,ones,much,a little,little,a lot of=lots of=plenty of,a good/great deal of.32.try out(for.):参加参加选拔选拔/试演试演;测试测试;试试验验 sign up for.:报名参加报名参加.1)Who can try out as a performer

32、?2)Last month she tried out for the school football team.3)Im always pleased to try out a new teaching method.33.talent n.天才；天资；天赋=gift有有的天资的天资/天赋天赋在在方面有才能方面有才能1.Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most _ (talent)individuals2019北京卷2.He had a gift _ musi

33、c when he was just 6 years old,so we all consider him to be a _(talent)musiciantalentedfortalented34.piano pn:n.钢钢琴琴(复数复数pianos)pianist pnst:n.钢琴弹奏者钢琴弹奏者;钢琴家钢琴家1)John,you can play the piano.2)When I was young,I dreamed of becoming a pianist.【play与乐器名与乐器名词词连连用时用时,乐器前乐器前要要加加 the】3)Can you play the gui

34、tar/the violin?1)assume sb/sth to be+n./adj.以为某人以为某人/某物是某物是 人们认为人们认为2)assuming conj.假如假如,假设假设为真为真 假定假定 assumption n.假定假定,假设假设 假定假定,假设假设35.assume vt.35.assume vt.设想；假设；以为；承担设想；假设；以为；承担It is generally _(assume)that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future.A thoug

35、htful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities _ the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors centers._(assume)that his story is true,what should we do?assumedonAssuming即学即练即学即练:“另外另外”，相当于副词，相当于副词 “除除以外以外(还有还有)”)”，用作介词短语，用作介词短语additional adj.附加的，另外的

36、附加的，另外的additionally adv.此外此外1 19 9.36.addition n.36.addition n.添加添加;加法加法;增加物增加物 add v.选词填空选词填空(in addition，in addition to)_the educational background,work experience is also necessary for job hunting.Reading can clear our minds and motivate us._，we can gain more knowledge through reading and broaden

37、 our horizons.The blanket will provide _ warmth and comfort in bed(addition)In addition toIn additionadditional37.disease dziz:n.(疾疾)病病(常指具体的病常指具体的病)illness:n.(身体或精神上的身体或精神上的)疾疾病病;病病 sickness:n.疾病疾病;恶心恶心;呕呕吐吐 mental illness:精精神病神病 heart disease/touble/attack:心脏病心脏病1)Two years ago,I was told I had a

38、serious disease which was difficult to cure.2)He suffers from a rare blood disease.38.ache ek:v./n.疼痛疼痛 headache/stomachache/toothache:头头痛痛/胃痛胃痛/牙痛牙痛1)My body ached all the time and thus I thought I didnt have much longer to live.2)Every bone in my body seems to ache.3)It makes my heart ache to see

39、such waste.4)She felt/had a dull ache(隐隐的痛隐隐的痛)in her shoulder.39.treatment tri:tmnt:n.治疗治疗;疗疗法法;对待对待;处处理理 treat:v.治疗治疗;对待对待;款款待待 treatas:把把作作为为对待对待1)Then one day,I had to go through a two-hour medical treatment.2)This new cancer treatment offers hope to many sufferers.3)She treats her dog as a chil

40、d.Id like to treat you to dinner this Saturday.我想这个星期六请你吃晚饭。40.from(then)on:从从(那时那时)起起 from now on:从从现在现在起起 from last year/1978 on:从去年从去年/1978年起年起 【on可以改为可以改为onward/forward】1)The song made me feel so much better that from then on I began to listen to music all the time.2)Jack failed his exams last t

41、erm and from then on his parents stopped him from playing computer games.3)From now on we will study hard.41.lean lin:v.依靠依靠;倾斜倾斜 (leant lent/leaned)lean on.:依靠依靠;依赖依赖 =depend/rely on.1)Can I lean my bike against the wall?2)She walked slowly,leaning on her sons arm.3)He leans heavily on his family.I

42、t is a beautiful meat,very lean and tender.这块肉很好，又瘦又嫩。42.get through Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening,but there must be something wrong with the network;I cant seem to get through._ Luckily,the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get through._ The little boy got throug

43、h all his money in just one week and had to ask his mum for some more._ Lets start there is a lot to get through._ 打通电话打通电话 通过通过 用光用光 完成完成get across 被理解；使人了解被理解；使人了解get away with 被放过；受到从轻发落被放过；受到从轻发落get down to 着手认真做某事着手认真做某事get over 克服克服_ v.使满意使满意;使满足使满足;满足满足_ adj.满意的满意的;满足的满足的_ adj.令人满意令人满意/满足的满足的

44、satisfy satisfiedsatisfyingwith satisfaction 满足地满足地;满意地满意地to ones satisfaction 使某人满意的是使某人满意的是be satisfied with/to do.对对.感到满意感到满意常见搭配常见搭配:42.satisfaction n.满足满足;满意满意;欣慰欣慰 1)她从来不满足于现状。她从来不满足于现状。2)看到儿子的成就看到儿子的成就,他很满意他很满意.Hes _ his sons achievements.3)我们赢了比赛我们赢了比赛,真是大快人心。真是大快人心。To our satisfaction,we wo

45、n the competition.Shes never satisfied with the current situation.43.being bi:n.身身心心;存在存在;生生物物 come into being/existence:形成形成;产生产生 a human being:人人1)It became my best friend.It spoke words of encouragement to deepest part of my being.2)I hated him with my whole being.3)A new president has come into

46、being.4)When did the universe come into being?44.various veris:adj.各种各种不同不同的的;各各种各样的种各样的 variety veris:n.种类种类;多样化多样化 vary veri:v.变变化化;改改变变 differ -different -difference.各各种多种多样样:variety of +复数名词复数名词 +复数动复数动词词 varieties of +复数名词复数名词 +复复数动数动词词 a variety of +不不可数名词可数名词 +单数动单数动词词vary from.to(1)One of th

47、e advantages is that we can find various (vary)topics,such as science,culture and history.(2)The research team is made up of the pupils,whose ages vary (various)from 10 to 15.(3)There are varieties(vary)of reasons in favour of my opinion that a Chinese dictionary shouldnt include English words.metap

48、hor暗喻 personification拟人 repetition重复 simile明喻1.The spring breeze holds my hands.4.Spring is a symbol of energy,spring is a sympol of life.2.The dog flied into the flower sea like a bird.3.The golden flower stream makes my day.rhetorical devices46.reaction rikn:n.反反应应;回回应应 react to doing:v.反应反应;回应回应 a chemical reaction:化学反应化学反应1)What was his reaction to the news?2)My uncle is a skilled driver with quick reactions.the reaction to doingthe opportunity tothe way tothe key to doingthe approach to doing