Unit4 Words and expressions 词汇课（ppt课件） -2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、Unit 4 History and TraditionsKey words&expressions PART ONE 词性转换词性转换1._ n.迷；智力游戏；疑问迷；智力游戏；疑问 vtvt.迷惑；使困惑迷惑；使困惑 _ _ adjadj.困惑的；糊涂的；茫然的困惑的；糊涂的；茫然的 _ _ adjadj.令人费解的；令人困惑的令人费解的；令人困惑的2._ vi.应在应在(某处某处)；适应；适应 _ n.所有物；行李所有物；行李puzzlepuzzledpuzzlingbelongbelonging词性转换词性转换3._ adj.渴望的；热切的渴望的；热切的 _ adv.渴望地；热切地渴望

2、地；热切地 _ n.渴望渴望eagereagerlyeagerness4._ n.防御；保卫防御；保卫 _ v.辩护；保卫辩护；保卫 _ adj.防御的；保卫的防御的；保卫的5._ vt.围绕；包围围绕；包围 _ adj.周围的周围的 n.环境；周围的事物环境；周围的事物6._ n.证据；证明证据；证明 _ adj.明白的；明显的明白的；明显的defencedefenddefensivesurroundsurroundingevidenceevident7._ n.成就；成绩；达到成就；成绩；达到 _ v.取得；获得；实现取得；获得；实现8._ vt.宣布；通知；声称宣布；通知；声称 _ n.

3、通告；宣布；声明通告；宣布；声明 _ n.播音员；宣告者播音员；宣告者achievementachieveannounceannouncementannouncer9._ n.地方；地点地方；地点 _ v.位于；定位位于；定位locationlocate10._ vt.问候；迎接问候；迎接 _ n.问候；打招呼问候；打招呼11._ n.人群；一群人人群；一群人 vt.挤满；使挤满；使拥挤拥挤 _ adj.拥挤的；塞满的拥挤的；塞满的12._ adj.引人注目的；显著的引人注目的；显著的 _ v.碰；撞；打；击打碰；撞；打；击打greetgreetingcrowdcrowdedstrikings

4、trike13.13._ n.n.哲学哲学_ n.n.哲学家哲学家14.14.adj.adj.法律的法律的;合法的合法的 adjadj.不合法的不合法的15.15.n.n.诗人诗人 n.n.诗诗;韵文韵文philosophyphilosopherlegalillegalpoetpoemPART TWO 短语集锦短语集锦 1._ 属于2._ 军事防御3._ 法律体系4._ 致命的弱点5._ 同；和；还6._ 把和连接起来7._ 解决问题的方法belong tomilitary defencelegal systemAchilles heelas well asjointoan approach

5、to problems重点短语重点短语 8._ 负责 9._ 增加10._ 渴望做某事11._ 脱离；背叛；逃脱12._ 注意；留心13._ 被包围14._ 位于；坐落在15._ 许多；大量a large amount ofin charge ofadd tobe eager to do sthbreak away(from sb/sth)keep ones eyes openbe surrounded by/withbe located in/on16.导致17.be referred to as 18.leave behind 19.date back to 20.in ruins res

6、ult in被称作留下追溯到成为废墟PART THREE重点单词重点单词1.1.puzzle n.谜；难题谜；难题 vt.迷惑；使困惑迷惑；使困惑 puzzle over/about 仔细琢磨；冥思苦想仔细琢磨；冥思苦想 be puzzled about.对对.迷惑不解的迷惑不解的 be in a puzzle 感到困惑；不知如何是好感到困惑；不知如何是好 be a puzzle to sb.对某人来说是个谜对某人来说是个谜派生派生puzzlement n.迷惑；困惑迷惑；困惑 puzzled adj.感到迷惑的感到迷惑的 puzzling adj.令人迷惑的令人迷惑的e.g.What _(p

7、uzzle)me most is why his books are so popular.puzzles1.Three sieves?Which three sieves?the man asked with _.2.He wore a expression,maybe the problem was quite _.3.Some people are puzzled _ the fact that he is still single.4._（令我困惑的是）is that I dont know the exact time for the test.puzzlementaboutpuzz

8、ledconfusedpuzzling/confusingWhat puzzles me2 2.belong vi.应在(某处);适应 belong to 属于属于;是是的一员的一员(1)belong to中的中的to是介词是介词,该短语既该短语既不能用于不能用于被被动语态动语态,也不能用于进行时态。也不能用于进行时态。(2)该短语作后置定语时该短语作后置定语时,形式为形式为“.belonging to”a sense of belonging 归属感归属感e.g.The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work togethe

9、r in some areas.派生派生 belongings n.(pl.)所有物所有物;财物财物 belonging n.归属归属衔接写作衔接写作 补全补全句子句子As parents we have a responsibility to give our children _.作为父母，我们有责任给孩子一种归属感。作为父母，我们有责任给孩子一种归属感。Have you ever _ a political party?你加入过什么政党吗？你加入过什么政党吗？巩固内化巩固内化 用用belong的适当形式的适当形式填空填空Many people still feel there is sa

10、fety in numbers when _ to a union.The cat _ to the people who live upstairs.I collected my _and left.The old house _to my grandfather was still in good condition.belongingbelongsbelongings belonged toa sense of belongingbelonging3 3.break away（from sb/sth）脱离；背叛；逃脱 break down（机器）出故障；（谈判等）失败；（机器）出故障；（

11、谈判等）失败；（身体）垮掉；分解（身体）垮掉；分解break in 打断（说话）打断（说话）；闯入；闯入break into 强行闯入强行闯入break off 中断；断开中断；断开break out（战争火灾、疫病等）突然发生（战争火灾、疫病等）突然发生break up（关系等）破裂；驱散；分手；分解（关系等）破裂；驱散；分手；分解e.g.In order to improve your study,you should first break away from your bad study habits.1.Shes broken _ with her boy-friend.2.A qu

12、arrel broke _ among them.3.The car broke _ and they had to walk home.4.They broke _ the house and took the necklace away.5.The little boy broke _ from his mother and ran away.6.Dont break _ when others are speaking.upoutdownintoawayin用用break相关短语填空相关短语填空单句语法填空单句语法填空4 4.as well as 同(一样也);和;还 as well a

13、s 连词用法，就远原则，有相同用法的还，有相同用法的还有有:with,along with,together with,besides,like,rather than,without except,including,but,in addition to等。等。as well as 介词用法，后接后接doing或名词，或名词，意为意为“另另外外”as well as 可用于可用于同级比较，意为，意为“和和.一样好一样好”as well 也也;又又;还（相当于还（相当于too，用于肯定句中用于肯定句中,于于尾）尾）may/might as well“还是还是为好为好;不妨不妨”。巩固内化巩固内

14、化单句语法填空单句语法填空 Tears welled up in her eyes,and her heart seemed to be torn _ well.The teacher as well as his students _(go)to plant trees tomorrow.Hes modest,as well as _(be)a great player.asis goingbeing衔接写作衔接写作 补全句子补全句子 If you do not like swimming,you _ go jogging.如果不喜欢游泳如果不喜欢游泳,你不妨慢跑。你不妨慢跑。They ar

15、e a couple in the real world _in the movie.他们在电影和现实生活中都是一对夫妇。他们在电影和现实生活中都是一对夫妇。may as wellas well as衔接高考衔接高考 (2019天津天津)Amy,as well as her brothers,_ (give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.(2020新高考新高考)His judgment and references are decidedly American,_well as his delicate stoma

16、ch.(2020新高考新高考)As well as _(look)at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟模拟)and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.was given aslooking5 5.defence n.防御；保卫in defence of 为了保卫；为为了保卫；为辩护辩护in sbs defence 为某人辩护为某人辩护defend.from(against)

17、.保护保护免免受受=protect.from.prevent.(from).;stop.(from).;keep.from.;派生派生 defend vt防守；保卫；辩护；维护防守；保卫；辩护；维护 defensive adj.防御的防御的,保护的保护的e.g.We shouldnt forget the doctors and nurses who died in defence of peoples health and safety(1)单句语法填空单句语法填空 In addition,firewalls are no defence _ internal hackers Strengt

18、h lies not in _(defend)but in attack.Nobody spoke out _.没有人站出来替他辩护。没有人站出来替他辩护。defenceagainst in his defence 6 6.surround vt.围绕;包围 surround.with.用包围 be surrounded by/with.被包围派生派生 surrounding adj.周围的周围的;附近的附近的 surroundings n.周围的事物周围的事物;环境环境e.g.It is wise to surround yourself with people who have a hig

19、h level of self discipline.巩固内化巩固内化用用surround的适当形式填空的适当形式填空 We decided to explore the _ countryside.Its important to study in friendly _.When he came back to life,he found himself _ by enemy soldiers.They have _ the flat with the police.surroundingsurroundedsurroundedsurroundings衔接高考衔接高考 (2020全国全国)A

20、nd when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _(surround)the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears.surrounding 7 7.evidence n.证据，证词 There is evidence of/that.有证据证明 in evidence 可看见的，明显的 It is evident that.显而易见派生派生 evident adj.明显的，明白的；明显的，明白的；【翻译】【翻译】显而易见，他的观点不对。显而易见，他的观点不对。It is

21、evident that his opinion is wrong.8 8.charge n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电 (1)charge for.收的费用charge sb money for sth因某事向某人收费charge sb with(doing)sth=accuse sb of(doing)sth 控告某人(做)某事(2)free of charge(=for free)免费 take charge of.接管/负责 in charge of.负责/主管(主语通常为人)in the charge of.被管理(主语通常为物)巩固内化巩固内化用用charge的适当形

22、式填空，并翻译其意思的适当形式填空，并翻译其意思 We can arrange this for a small _._ Before use,the battery must be _._ The company used to be in his direct _._ They have the evidence _ him._charge要价，收费充电charge主管to chargecharged指控，起诉 衔接写作衔接写作 补全句子补全句子 We wont _ delivery.我们送货不收费。我们送货不收费。She _ driving under the influence.她被控

23、酒后驾驶。她被控酒后驾驶。The leaflet is available _ from post offices.宣传单可以到邮局免费领取。宣传单可以到邮局免费领取。charge you for was charged with free of charge衔接高考衔接高考(2020天津第一次天津第一次)Suppose you are _ charge of the Shy and Mighty Society,what will you do to help other shy people?(2020全国卷全国卷参赛短文参赛短文)My English teacher,who has be

24、en teaching for twenty years,is _ the school work.我的英语老师负责学校的工作我的英语老师负责学校的工作,他已经教了二十年书了。他已经教了二十年书了。一句多译一句多译 几年前，巴克里尔接管了该公司。几年前，巴克里尔接管了该公司。A few years ago Bacryl _ the company.A few years ago Bacryl was _ the company.A few years ago the company was _Bacryl.took charge of in charge of in in the charge

25、 of in charge of 9 9.announce vt.宣布;通知;声称 (1)announce sth to sb=announce to sb sth 向某人宣布某事 It is/was announced that.据宣布 =announce that.宣布;通知(2)make an announcement 发布通告派生派生 announcement n.公告公告;发表发表;宣告宣告;通告通告 announcer n.播音员播音员,广播员广播员e.g.It was announced that new speed restrictions would be introduce

26、d.巩固内化 单句语法单句语法填空填空The government has announced plans_ create one million new training places.Sir Robert made his _(announce)after talks with the President.toannouncement 衔接衔接高考高考 (2017.全国全国II).He said the 60 woman will _(announce)on the website and the trip will be shared online.(2022.全国全国II)First

27、_(announce)in April,2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml,was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity.announced be announced1010.amount n.金额金额;数量数量 a large amount of+不可数 大量;许多 large amounts of+不可数 大量;许多a large amount of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语用单数。large amount

28、s of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语用复数。amount to 合计，等于，相当于 the amount of.的数量e.g.His earnings are said to amount to 300 000 per annum.据说他每年的酬金高达据说他每年的酬金高达30万英镑。万英镑。巩固内化巩固内化 单句语法单句语法填空：填空：A small amount of this paint _(go)a long way.The server is designed to store huge _(amount)of data.The total collection last week a

29、mounted _ 250.The amount of fuel that this car uses_(be)a big strike against it.goes amounts to衔接写作衔接写作 一句多译一句多译:一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。一大笔钱已捐给了当地的学校。_ money has been donated to the local school._ money have been donated to the local school.A large amount of isLarge amounts of 衔接高考衔接高考(2020新高考新高考)Rainforests

30、 are the lungs of the planet-storing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and producing_significant amount of the worlds oxygen.(2021浙江高考读后续写浙江高考读后续写)Mom said seriously,patting me on the shoulder,“Lazy people will not _ anything in life.”妈妈拍着我的肩膀严肃地说妈妈拍着我的肩膀严肃地说:“懒惰的人在生活中一事无成懒惰的人在生活中一事无成”(2022.全国全国I)fr

31、om“ugly”(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts _ uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.a amount to of 1111.approach n方法；途径；接近；方法；途径；接近；vt.接近；接洽；着手处理；接近；接洽；着手处理；vi.靠近靠近(1)at the approach of 在快在快的时候的时候 an approach to doing.做某事的方法做某事的方法(2)approach to .接近接近，靠近，靠近

32、approach 作名词时，后面常跟介词作名词时，后面常跟介词 to，表示，表示“的方的方法法”，而，而way,method,means 表示表示“方法方法”时后常跟介词时后常跟介词 of。e.g.They have a laissez-faire approach to bringing up their children.他们采用放任自由的方法来养育子女。他们采用放任自由的方法来养育子女。衔接写作衔接写作 一句多译一句多译:随着这重大日子的临近她心情越来越紧张随着这重大日子的临近她心情越来越紧张。_,she grew more and more nervous._,she grew mor

33、e and more nervous._,she grew more and more nervous.巩固内化巩固内化 用用approach的适当形式填空的适当形式填空,并翻译其意思并翻译其意思As I _ the house,I noticed a light on upstairs._In my view，the best _ to working out is to go jogging every day._ The Bank has _ the issue in a practical way._ approachedAs the great day approached appr

34、oach approached At the approach of the great day 走近;靠近方法;途径着手处理With the great day approaching 衔接高考衔接高考(2019北京北京)She also _(approach)dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.(2020浙江浙江)I couldnt see Don,but as I _(approach)the tractor(拖拉机拖拉机)he jumped out onto the road,apparently unhurt,and dashed

35、back to me.(2022北京北京)The result_ approach known as systems thinkingis now seen as essential in meeting global challen.approached approached an1212.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的慷慨的；大方的；丰富的be generousIt is generous of sb.to do sth.to sb.对某人很慷慨对某人很慷慨with sth.in(doing)sth.在某方面很慷慨在某方面很慷慨乐于做某事乐于做某事某人做某事真是慷慨某人做

36、某事真是慷慨 派生派生 n.generosity adv.generously People present were impressed by his _(generous).generosity(广东卷写作）广东卷写作）She herself lived a simple or rather poor life but she was so generous _ the people in need of help.（2019.浙江卷阅读）浙江卷阅读）While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign,Bridges said

37、the only goal was to show _(generous)and sympathy.他因慷慨解囊而得到好名声。他因慷慨解囊而得到好名声。He got a fine fame for _his money to help others.to generosity being generous with 1313.eager adj.热切的热切的;渴望的渴望的be eager for.急于得到急于得到be eager to do sth渴望做某事渴望做某事be eager that.热切希望热切希望(从句谓语动词用从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形动词原形”,should可省略

38、可省略)e.g.He was eager to communicate his ideas to the group.他急于把他的想法传达给小组。他急于把他的想法传达给小组。派生派生 eagerly adv.急切地急切地;渴望地渴望地;热心地热心地 eagerness n.渴望渴望;热热巩固内化巩固内化 单句语法填空单句语法填空Everyone in the class seemed eager _(learn).We listened _(eager),for he brought news of our families.They were eager _ a second bite of

39、 the cherry.I couldnt hide my _(eager)to get back home.to learnforeagerness eagerly衔接高考衔接高考(2016.(2016.浙江高考浙江高考)Each week I _(eager)counted my growing saving increased by extra work here and there(2021.(2021.全国全国I)I)As she was leaving she was eager _(say)goodbye to each of us in the nursing team.to

40、say eagerly 1414.greet v.迎接，问候，致敬迎接，问候，致敬 greet sb.with sth.以某物向某人问候以某物向某人问候 be greeted as 被当作被当作受到欢迎受到欢迎 nod greetings to 向向点头致意点头致意 give/send my greetings to 请代我向请代我向问候问候【翻译】【翻译】她被当作一个英雄。她被当作一个英雄。She was greeted as a hero.派生派生 greeting n.问候，致意，迎接；问候，致意，迎接；1515.crowd n.人群人群;一群人一群人;民众民众 vt.挤满挤满;使使拥挤

41、拥挤a crowd of/crowds of 一群一群;许多许多crowd into 挤进挤进crowd in(on sb)涌上涌上(某人心头某人心头);涌入涌入(某人的脑海某人的脑海)be crowded with 充满充满;挤满挤满=be full ofe.g.The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me.我与最好的朋友相处的我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。派生派生 crowded adj.拥挤的拥挤的巩固内化巩固内化单句语法填空单句语法填空 The crowd

42、crowded _ the stadium which was crowded _ audience.A crowd _ people were waiting for the bus when the accident happened.He led me through the _(crowd)shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it.The hungry refugees crowded _ the tractors.intoofcrowdedwitharound/round1616.keep ones

43、 eyes open 睁大眼睛，留心，注意睁大眼睛，留心，注意keep an eye on 照看，照管，留心注意照看，照管，留心注意have an eye for 对对有判断力有判断力/鉴赏力鉴赏力catch sbs eye 吸引某人的注意吸引某人的注意【翻译】【翻译】如果你留心点，你能学到很多。如果你留心点，你能学到很多。If you keep your eyes open,you can learn a great deal.PART FOUR 课堂练习.单句语法填空1.In the 1960s,while studying the volcanic history of Yellowst

44、one National Park,Bob Christiansen became _(puzzle)about something.2.The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp,which _(surround)by a high wire fence.3.With her _charge,I was confident all would be OK.4.If a child _(approach)him,he will pause to give that child his undivided attention.puzzledwas

45、surroundedin approaches5.Cultural relics are treasures _ to all peoples rather than any individual.(belong)6.Remember to take your valuable _ with you when you get off the car.(belong)7.The famous musician,as well as his students,_(invite)to perform at the opening ceremony.8.I have to say in her _(d

46、efend)that she knew nothing about it beforehand.9.It was _（announce)that new speed restrictions would be introduced.10.The president made an unexpected _(announce)this morning.belongingbelongingswas inviteddefenceannounced announcement 11.He is eager _ knowledge about the construction of the party b

47、ecause he is eager _(join)the party.12.We would like to thank all the judges who _(generous)spent their spare time dealing this affair.13._(surround)by the policemen,the thief couldnt escape being caught.14.We felt a great sense of _(achieve)when we reached the top of the mountain.for to join genero

48、usly Surroundedachievement15.He was charged _ robbery.16.It _(announce)that they will be married next month.17.She was eager _(get)back to work as soon as possible.withis announcedto get18.The _problem made the students _.(puzzle)19.She had to _(defence)herself against the guard dog.20.Some athletes take drugs to improve their performance,which is _(legal).21.This interest in international dance was especially _(evidence)in Paris.22.Despite its _(locate)far from any urban center,the site attracts roughly one million visitors per year.puzzlingpuzzleddefendillegalevidentlocationThank You!