Unit 4 History and Traditions 词汇讲解 （ppt课件）-2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、必修二UNIT 4HISTORY AND TRADITIONSVocabulary（I）1.cemetery n.墓地，公墓墓地，公墓eg:1.He was buried in Highgate Cemetery.2.She rests beside her husband in the local cemetery.联想词：tomb 墓穴 tomb stone 墓碑graves 坟墓2.philosophy n.哲学哲学 philosopher n.哲学家哲学家eg:1.He is a doctor of phylosophy.2.The book is simple homespun ph

2、ilosophy.3.descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙后裔；后代；子孙Chinese descendant in American 美籍华裔美籍华裔descend v.下降；遗传下降；遗传descent n.下降；血统；袭击下降；血统；袭击(1)adj.单独的,个别的A teacher cant give_attention to each student if his class is large.如果班上的人数多，老师不能给予学生个人辅导.(2)n.个人The contribution is open to both teams and _.团队和个人均可捐款。例题：他们等待团体

3、做出决定而不是各自做出决定。They wait for group to decide rather than make_decisions.individually adv.分别地，单独地，个别地 individualindividualsindividual5.6.（1）puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 puzzled adj.感到困惑的 puzzlement n.困惑；疑惑（2）be puzzled with 对.感到困惑 be in a puzzle(about)对（.）感到困惑 sth.is a puzzle to sb.某事对某人来说是一个谜When the little gi

4、rl was asked such a _question,she stood there with a _look on her face.(puzzle)7puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑puzzlingpuzzledeg:Her mother lives in a nearby town.8.nearby adj.附近的附近的 adv.在附近在附近9.join.to.把把.和和.连接起来连接起来 =connect.to/with/and.join in 加入加入eg:Every individual or group is joined to the world b

5、y the Internet.The island is joined to the mainland by the bridge.break into强行闯入；忽然开始(大笑、唱歌、欢呼等)break off断开；停顿；中断break in强行进入；打断；插嘴break out(战争等)突然发生，爆发break up分解；打碎；破裂；分手break down发生故障；垮掉；失败；失控崩溃10break away(from sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱用break的相关短语填空If you go on working like that,you will _ sooner or late

6、r.A fire _ in this hotel last night and three people were killed.With so many problems unsettled,a few countries wanted to _ the Union.In my opinion，marriage based on money is likely to _.break downbroke outbreak away frombreak up11belong to 属于(1)belong vi.应在(某处)；适应(2)belongings n财产，所有物belong to中的to

7、是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，形式为“.belonging to”。完成句子那些书是图书馆的，但这本是我自己的。Those books _ the library but this is my own.任何人都没有权力占有属于国家的土地。Anyone has no right to take the land _the state as their own.belong tobelonging to注意：as well as前后连接的虽然是两个并列成分，但强调的重点在前面，翻译时先翻译后面再翻译前面。Living things need air and s

8、unshine as well as water.生物不仅需要水，还需要空气和阳光。1.as well as用于连接主语时，谓语动词要和as well as前的主语在数上保持一致。遵循就远原则就远原则She，as well as，I _an English teacher.她和我一样，都是英语老师。is as well as,along with,together with就远原则2.as well“除.之外；也；还”，常位于肯定句句末，无需逗号隔开3.may/might as well do sth.只好做某事练习：(1)I can speak fluent English and I ca

9、n speak French well.(2)Many students as well as Tom (be)present at the meeting.(3)Now that you have a good chance,you may/might well make full use of it.asareas13.13.14.14.15defence n防御；保卫 eg:It is our duty to defend our motherland.拓展：defend vt.防御；保卫；辩护 defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护 defend against 抵御 defe

10、nd sb.from/against 保护某人免受.(1)Most countries have armies for their (defend).(2)He gave his life his country.他为保卫祖国而献出了生命。defenceto defend16.16.17surround vt.围绕；包围(1)surround.with/by.以.包围.be surrounded with/by.被.包围(2)surrounding adj.周围的 surroundings n.环境(1)They surrounded the sick girl every comfort.(

11、2)Jim was sitting on the floor (surround)by boxes.吉姆正坐在地板上，周围到处都是箱子。withsurrounded 18.evidence n.证据；证明证据；证明 (1)There is some/no evidence that.有/没有证据表明.in evidence 显眼；显而易见(2)evident adj.明显的 It is evident that.很明显.evidently adv.显然；明显地(1)Theres some evidence outdoor activities are good for us.(2)At pre

12、sent we have no (evident)of life on other planets.(3)Poverty is much evidence in the city slums.(4)is evident that his house was completely destroyed in the earthquake.thatevidenceinIt 19.achievement n.C 成就；成绩；达到成就；成绩；达到 (1)a sense of achievement 成就感 (2)achieve vt.完成；达到 vi.成功 achieve ones success 获得

13、成功 achieve ones goal 达到目标(1)That surely gave us a great .那无疑给了我们很大的成就感。(2)It takes hard work to .要取得最终的成功需要努力工作。(3)She hoped to to become a singer.她希望实现自己的目标，成为一名歌手。sense of achievementachieve the final successachieve her goal20.location lken:n.地地方方;地点地点;位位置置 destination:n.目的目的地地 locate:v.使位于使位于;确定准

14、确定准确地点确地点 be located in/at/to:位位于于;坐坐落在落在 The factory _ at the foot of a hill.is located 21.Keep your eyes open(for)留心；留意留心；留意 keep ones promise keep in touch with keep up with keep pany keep away from.keep.in mind keep an eye on sth.遵守承诺遵守承诺保持联系保持联系追上追上陪伴某人陪伴某人远离远离.牢记牢记.照看；密切注意照看；密切注意 22.charge vt.

15、收费；控告；充电收费；控告；充电 n.收费；指控；主管收费；指控；主管 (1)charge(sb.)for sth.为.(向某人)收费/要价 charge sb.with sth.指控某人某事 (2)be in charge(of.)主管/看管/负责（.）be in/under the charge of sb.=in ones charge 在某人的掌管下 take charge of.负责/看管.free of charge 免费(1)The hotel this room.这家旅馆的这个房间每天收费200元。(2)The police stealing the jewels.警方指控那个

16、小偷偷窃珠宝。(3)The company was badly organized before she it.在她掌管前，这家公司管理很差。(4)The company is Tom when the boss is away.当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。=Tom is the company when the boss is away.charges 200 yuan a day forcharged the thief with in the charge ofin charge oftook charge of 23.announce vt.宣布；通知；声称宣布；通知；声称 (

17、1)announce sth.(to sb.)(向某人)宣布、通告某事 announce that.宣布.;通知.It is/was announced that.据宣布.(2)announcement n.通知；通告 make an announcement 宣布；下通知 (3)announcer n.广播员；播音员1.He said the lucky woman and the trip will be shared online.他说这位幸运的女士将在网站上公布出来，整个旅行也会在线分享。他说这位幸运的女士将在网站上公布出来，整个旅行也会在线分享。2.One day with a ba

18、sket of vegetables,he he was going to cook a delicious dish.一天他带着一篮子的蔬菜，向我们宣布他将烹饪一道佳肴。一天他带着一篮子的蔬菜，向我们宣布他将烹饪一道佳肴。3.At the end of the meeting,it an agreement had been reached.会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。would be announcedannounced thatwas announced that 24.approach n.方法；途径；接近方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理接近；接

19、洽；着手处理 vi.靠近 (1)an approach to(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法/途径 at the approach of 在快到.的时候 make approaches to sb.想接近某人 (2)approachable adj.可接近的；友好的 (3)With.approaching 随着.来临 1.Yesterday we held a meeting and made an approach the low-carbon life.2.We found him very (approach)and easy to talk with.3.Unfortunatel

20、y,just as I took out my camera,from behind,and planted herself right in front of my view.不幸的是，正当我拿出相机的时候，一位女士从后面走了过来，站不幸的是，正当我拿出相机的时候，一位女士从后面走了过来，站在了我的眼前，挡住了我的视线。在了我的眼前，挡住了我的视线。4.the cinema,he stopped and waited for his friends.在快到电影院时，他停下来等他的朋友。在快到电影院时，他停下来等他的朋友。toapproachablea woman approachedAt t

21、he approach of 25.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 (1)be generous to sb.对某人大方 be generous with sth.在某方面大方；不吝啬某物 It is generous of sb.to do sth.某人做某事真是慷慨 (2)generously adv.慷慨地；大方地 generosity n.慷慨；大方These volunteers are very generous the old men.It is generous of you (lend)your smartphone to me.She

22、 is well-known for her (generous).toto lendgenerosity 26.greet vt.问候；迎候问候；迎候 (1)greet sb.迎接/问候某人 greet sb.with.用.迎接某人 be greeted with/by sth.对某事做出某种反应 (2)greeting n.问候；招呼；祝贺He warmly as they arrived.客人到达时他都热情接待。They and sat down to lunch.他们相互致意后便坐下吃午饭。He his teacher “good morning”.他向老师说了句早安。greeted

23、themgreeted each othergreetedwith 27.custom n.风俗；习惯；习俗风俗；习惯；习俗 (1)Its the custom(for sb.)to do sth.（对某人来说）做某事是一种习俗 a local custom 当地的风俗习惯 What are the best ways to experience Chinese traditions and customs?(2)customs n.海关；关税 a customs officerIt to hold a party to celebrate the harvest every year.每年举

24、行聚会庆祝丰收已成为一种习俗。is the custom.单句语法填空1Every day,the sun rises,_(announce)the beginning of a new day.2At the meeting they discussed three different approaches _ the study of mathematics.3All of the villagers were fighting against the flood in defence _ their own homes.4_(surround)by rows of trees，our s

25、chool stands out from all the other buildings.announcingtoofSurrounded5In order to prove that he is innocent,some new _(evident)is needed.6Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her great _(achieve)7In _(strike)contrast to their brothers,the girls were both intelligent and charming.8Children unde

26、r sixteen are not _(legal)allowed to buy cigarettes.evidenceachievementsstrikinglegally9Id like to express my gratitude to you for your _(generous)during my stay there.10How many adults，who complain about the long drives to work,_(eager)drove for hours at a time when they first got the licenses?gene

27、rosityeagerly根据汉语提示完成句子1.Everything was perfect for the picnic_(除了)the weather.2.I wouldnt have accepted anything _（除了）a job in Europe.3._（除了）working as a doctor，he also writes novels in his spare time.apart from 除.之外（即可包括也可不包括）except(for)exceptBesides写准并记牢(一)阅读词汇1philosophy n_2heel n_3military adj_

28、4currency n_5fascinating adj_6gallery n_ 哲学足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟军事的；军用的通货；货币极有吸引力的；迷人的(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊写准并记牢7landscape n_8butter n_ vt_9honey n_10ancestor n_11snack n_12county n_(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景黄油；奶油涂黄油于蜂蜜祖宗；祖先点心；小吃(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县短语巧练写准并记牢1_把和连接或联结起来2_脱离；背叛；逃脱3_属于4_同(一样也)；和；还5_留心；留意6_与相似7_如果有的话 join.to.break aw

29、ay(from sb./sth.)belong toas well askeep your eyes open(for)be similar toif any写准并记牢8_增加；增添9_导致；造成；引起10_涉及，谈到，提到；查阅；参考11_接收；接管12_把丢在后面；留下；忘带13_在的入口14_对有影响 add toresult inrefer totake overleave behindat the entrance ofhave an influence on写准并记牢15_点缀着16_编造；形成；构成；弥补17_吸入18_向某人做自我介绍19_被包围/环绕 be dotted wi

30、thmake upbreathe inintroduce oneself to sb.be surrounded with/by.写准并记牢拓展词汇我会变1individual adj.单独的；个别的 n个人 _ adv.分别地；单独地；个别地2chief adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n(公司或机构的)首领；酋长 _ adv.主要地；首要地3puzzle n谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑 _ adj.迷惑的 _ adj.令人迷惑的 individuallychieflypuzzledpuzzling写准并记牢4belong vi.应在(某处)；适应 _ n财产，所有物；行李5defe

31、nce n防御；保卫 _ vt.防护；防卫6legal adj.法律的；合法的 _ adv.合法地 _ adv.违法地；非法地 _ adj.非法的7surround vt.围绕；包围 _ adj.周围的 _ n环境8evidence n证据；证明 _ adj.明显的 belongingsdefendlegallyillegallyillegalsurroundingsurroundingsevident写准并记牢9achievement n成就；成绩；达到 _ vt.完成；达到10location n地方；地点；位置 _ adj.位于 _ vt.使坐落于vi.定位；定居11announce vt.宣布；通知；声称 _ n声明；宣告 _ n广播员，告知者12generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 _ adv.慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地 _ n慷慨 achievelocatedlocateannouncementannouncergenerouslygenerosity