Unit 4 History and traditions 单词（ppt课件）-2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.pptx

1、1.Confucius/knfju:s/孔子Confucian/knfjun/adj.儒家的;儒学的;孔子学说的Confucianism英/knfju:nizm/n.儒学;儒教2 mansion/mnn/cn.公馆公馆;宅第宅第;大厦大厦cemetery/semtri/cn.墓地墓地;公墓公墓复数：复数：cemeteries同义词：graveyard岗位介绍philosophy/flsfi/un.哲学复数：philosophiesphilosopher/flsf(r)/cn.哲学家;深思的人;善于思考的人philosophical/flsfkl/adj.哲学的;达观的;处乱不惊的 philos

2、ophically adv.philosophic/flsfk/adj.同 philosophical;哲学的descendant/dsendnt/cn.后代;后裔;子孙descend 下降+ant 表人 往下传的人 后代A AB BC Cindividual adj.个别的;单独的;cn.个人;与众不同的人;e.g:The competition is open to both teams and individuals.individually/ndvduli/adv.分别地;单独地;各别地e.g:The manager spoke to them all individually.ind

3、ividualism/ndvdulzm/un.个人主义;heel/hi:l/n.足跟足跟;(脚脚、袜子、鞋等的袜子、鞋等的)后跟后跟Achilles heel/kli:z/(喻喻)(希腊神话希腊神话)阿喀琉阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱斯的脚跟，致命的弱点点kingdom/kdm/n.王国王国;领域领域PPT模板 http:/ adj.最重要的最重要的;最高级别的最高级别的=most important;mian n.(公司或机构的公司或机构的)首领首领;酋长酋长(复数复数:chiefs)同根词同根词：主要地主要地 adv.chiefly e.g:According to the text,what

4、 are two chief advantages of studying the history of a country?(1)be a puzzle to sb 对某人来说是个谜 puzzle(oneself/sb)about/over 苦苦思索，绞尽脑汁 (2)puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑的 puzzling adj.令人困惑的，令人迷惑的 puzzlement n困惑，苦思When the little girl was asked such a question,she stood there with a look on her face.(puzzle)Their re

5、ason for doing it is still a _ to me.People have long puzzled how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.puzzlingpuzzledpuzzleover/aboutpuzzle n谜；智力游戏；疑问谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑迷惑；使困惑 nearby adv.在附近在附近 adj.附近的附近的;邻近的邻近的(常在名词前常在名词前)be near to.:距距.近近be far from.:距距.远远她妈妈住在附近的小镇。她妈妈住在附近的小镇。Her mother lives in a

6、 nearby town.（adj.）Her mother lives in a town nearby.（adv.）join.to.把把和和连接起来连接起来(1)join the army/club 参军/加入俱乐部join in 参加(比赛、活动等)(2)connect.with.把和联系起来e.g：Every individual or group is joined to the world by the Internet.break away(from sb/sth)脱离；背叛；逃脱脱离；背叛；逃脱e.g:It took great courage to break away fro

7、m his family at that time.break down 损坏；发生故障；分解；累垮break into 闯入；破门而入break out(战争)爆发；(火灾)突然发生break up 结束；破裂However,the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and to form its own government.If you go on working like that,you will sooner or later.In my opinion,marriage based on money is likely to.Fire

8、during the night.broke awaybreak downbreak upbroke outbelong vi.应在应在(某处某处);适应适应,合得来合得来 拓展拓展：(1)belong to属于属于 (2)belonging n.归属感归属感;所有物所有物 a sense of belonging归属感归属感 belongings n.所有物所有物;财产财产 注：注：belong to 没有被动语态和进行时态没有被动语态和进行时态,用作非谓语动词时要使用动词用作非谓语动词时要使用动词-ing形形式。式。Having sold most of his(belong),he al

9、most had nothing left in the house.The future _ （属于）（属于）those who believe in the beauty of their dreams.The wooden house(belong)to me is being decorated now.belongings belongs tobelonging70%难点项目情况as well as同同(一样也一样也);和和;还还拓展拓展：(1)as well as“既既又又”,可连接两个平行结构。连接两个名词可连接两个平行结构。连接两个名词作主语时作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与谓

10、语动词的单复数形式与as well as之前的主语一致。之前的主语一致。e.g：I,as well as my friends,_(be)keen on the contest to be held at 8 am.next Saturday in the lecture hall.(2)as well as 相当于介词时，可放在句首，相当于介词时，可放在句首，意思是意思是“除除.之外之外”与与besides,in addition to意思相近。意思相近。后接名词或动名词后接名词或动名词 e.g:As well as knowing some Russian，she speaks Engli

11、sh very well(3)as well as 和和一样好一样好e.g:He speaks Spanish as well as English(4)as well 也，又，常放在句尾，相当于也，又，常放在句尾，相当于too。e.g:People with disabilities have got a vote as well,am工作不足之处currency kr()nscn/un.通货，货币通货，货币 un通用；流行；流传通用；流行；流传 拓展拓展：current kr()ntadj.现行的;流通的 currently krntladv.当前,目前e.g:Youll need som

12、e cash in local currency but you can also use your credit card.There are words that are no longer current.military mltri:adj.军事的军事的;军用的军用的拓展拓展：military defence 军事力量军事力量 military training 军训军训(1)in defence of.保护/保卫()；(为)辩护 build up a defence 筑起一道防线e.g:In defence of our motherland,a large number of pe

13、ople lost their lives.(2)defend vt.保护；保卫defend.from/against.保护/保卫免受defend oneself from/against 自卫；自行辩护e.g:Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves from/against some attacks.defence n防御；保卫防御；保卫工作完成情况legal lig()ladj.法律的法律的;合法的合法的;法定的法定的 拓展拓展：legally adv.法律上；合法地法律上；合法地 illegally

14、adv.不合法地不合法地 It is legal to do sth 做某事是合法的做某事是合法的e.g:For legal reasons,most restaurants have a policy against giving away food waste.(1)surround.with.以包围be surrounded by/with.被环绕/包围(2)surrounding adj.周围的，附近的surroundings n(复数)环境用复数形式，主要指周围的具体物质环境。surround vt.围绕；包围围绕；包围This county is surrounded rollin

15、g green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.The(surround)villages have been included into the growing city.The buildings have been designed to blend in with their _(surround).environment 是集合名词单数，既可表示抽象概念，也可表示具体是集合名词单数，既可表示抽象概念，也可表示具体意义，指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环意义，指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。by/withsurroundingsurr

16、oundings工作总结概述evidence un.证据，根据，证明evident adj.清楚的；明白的；显而易见的 evidently adv.明显地；显然地 (1)There is some evidence that.有证据证明Its evident that.很明显e.g:There is some evidence that the economy is recovering in this countryIt is evident that you belong to the Class 7.工作总结概述achievement n.C成就，成绩，功绩；U达到，完成；achieve

17、 vt.v.实现;完成;achieve ones goal 实现目标a sense of achievement 一种成就感make an achievement/achievements 取得成就Handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of _.(2016全国II)先处理最重要的任务，这样你才会有真正的成就感。The father of success is work,and the mother of _ is ambition.勤奋乃成功之父，志向乃成功之母。achievementachieveme

18、nt工作总结概述location n.地方;位置;地点 拓展拓展：locate vi.找出的准确地点;确定的准确地点 located adj.位于;坐落在 be located/situated at/in/on.位于1)It is a suitable for a new airport.2)The factory at the foot of a hill.Located in the northwest of Hubei,Shiyan is a beautiful city.location is locatedconquer kk v.占领占领;征服征服;控制控制conqueror n

19、.征服者，胜利者 conquest n.征服;战利品battle/btl/n.战斗；战斗；vt./vi.搏斗搏斗;奋斗奋斗添加标题添加标题添加标题port/p:t/n.港口港口(城市城市)fascinating/fsnet/adj.极有吸引力的极有吸引力的;迷人的迷人的keep an eye on 照看；留神；留意e.g:We should always keep an eye on the progress of science in the world.fix ones eyes on 注视；盯着看e.g：The headteacher is fixing her eyes on a bo

20、y who is sleeping.look sb in the eyes 直视某人e.g:He didnt even have the courage to look me in the eyekeep your eyes open(for)留心；留意留心；留意(1)free of charge 免费in charge(of)负责，主管(状态）in the charge(of)(由)负责，主管take charge of 负责，主管（动作）Hes in charge of the hospital./The work in the charge of our monitor has been

21、 finished.charge n收费；指控；主管收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电收费；控告；充电(2)charge sb for sth 因某事/物向某人收费charge sb with 因某事指控某人We have enough confidence to charge you abuse of power.The generous owner of the pub charged us only a small amount of money wine and beer.Your order will be delivered free charge within a ten-m

22、ile limit.He cant take charge the computer company because it is beyond his ability.withforof of 未来工作思想 此处添加详细文本描述，建议与标题相关并符合整体语言风格。此处添加详细文本描述，建议与标题相关并符合整体语言风格。announce vt.宣布；通知；声称宣布；通知；声称(1)announce sth to sbannounce to sb sth 向某人宣布某事Its announced that.据宣布e.g:They announced their engagement to the

23、family.=They announced to the family their engegement.It is announced that the sports meeting will be held next Tuesday.(2)announcement n宣布，声称make an announcement 宣布，通告Hell make an announcement at the banquet tomorrow.(3)announcer n宣告者；播音员；报幕员；解说员approach n.接近接近;方法方法;途径途径vt.接近接近;接洽接洽;着手处理着手处理vi.靠近靠近

24、(1)approach sb/sth 靠近/接近某人/某物be approaching 临近，靠近e.g：The final exam is approaching.(2)(an)approach to 接近，近似；(做某事)的方法(途径)e.g:an approaching to studying.at the approach of.在快到的时候e.g:His spirits rose at the approach of the holidays.The job market has changed and our approach to(find)work must change as

25、 well.(approach)the city centre,we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.findingApproaching同义词approach、way、means、method等表示“做某事的方法”时，各自的搭配如下the approach to(doing)sththe way to do/of(doing)sththe means of(doing)sththe method of(doing)sthensure vt确保确保;保证保证(=make sure)1.ensure that 确保，保证确保，保证+

26、句子句子 ensure of+n 使使.确信，使确定确信，使确定e.g:His help ensure that we were successful.2.ensure against保护保护免受（某种）危害，防止，防备免受（某种）危害，防止，防备e.g：There must be safety devices to ensure workers against accidents.gallery/glri/n.(艺术作品的艺术作品的)展览馆展览馆;画廊画廊46%32%amount n金额；数量金额；数量 v总计，共计；相当于，等于总计，共计；相当于，等于(1)【注意注意:与与不可数名词不可数

27、名词连用。作主语时，谓语动词的连用。作主语时，谓语动词的单复数单复数与与amount的的数数保持一致保持一致】A large/small amount of+不可数名词+谓语单数 大量的、少量的 large/small amounts of+不可数名词+谓语复数 (2)the amount of.的数量+n v.单数 （3）amount to达到达到(某数量某数量);合计合计=add up to相当于相当于;等于等于;意味着意味着=be equal to1、With more forests being destroyed,a large amount of good earth _(be)b

28、eing washed away each year.2、There _(be)large amounts of valuable information about the Olympic Games.3、To my disappointment,a large amount of money _(waste)so far.is is arearehas been wasted has been wasted landscape/lndskep/cn.风景风景(乡村）乡村）generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的慷慨的；大方的；丰富的 反：反：mean(1)be generous t

29、o sb 对某人慷慨be generous with sth 在某方面大方Its generous of sb to do sth 某人做某事很慷慨(2)generosity n慷慨，大方；宽宏大量generously adv.慷慨大方地e.g:I couldnt have gone through that bitter period without your _(generosity)help.Although he was poor,he was quite generous _ his needy(穷困潦倒的)friends.It is very generous _ you to c

30、ontribute so much money.He treated them with _(generous)and thoughtfulness.ofgeneroustogenerositybutter/bt(r)/un.黄油黄油;奶油奶油 vt.涂奶油涂奶油于于honey/hni/un.蜂蜜蜂蜜ancestor/nsest(r)cn.祖宗;祖先;an 加强+cest=cess行走，前进+or 表人 走了很久的人 祖先词根ced,ceed,cess=to go,to proceed 行走,前进access n.接近；入口ac 加强+cess 行走，前进 一再向前走 接近proceed v.

31、继续进行，前进pro 向前+ceed 行走，前进 继续进行，前进succeedv.成功；继续suc 下+ceed 行走，前进 从下面走到上面 成功position/pzn/（1）n.位置;地方;姿态；地位;职位;处境；立场，主张；e.g:From his position on the cliff top,he had a good view of the harbour.Make sure that you are working in a comfortable position.The companys financial（财政的;金融的;财务的）position is not cert

32、ain.He held a senior position in a large company.（2）安装;安置;使处于The company is now well positioned to compete in foreign markets.courtyard/k:tjd/cn.庭院庭院;院子院子snack/snk/cn.点心点心;小吃小吃eager adj.热切的；渴望的热切的；渴望的(1)be eager for.渴望渴望be eager to do sth 渴望做某事渴望做某事e.g：She is eager for her parents approval（赞成（赞成/批准）

33、批准）.The company is eager to gain a foothold（立足处）（立足处）in Europe(2)eagerly adv.急切地；渴望地；热心地急切地；渴望地；热心地(3)eagerness n渴望；热心渴望；热心with eagerness热切地热切地;急切地急切地As soon as we came to the new city,we found ourselves eager(have)a taste of local snacks and beer.The young man was eager a car after he graduated fro

34、m college.to haveforpoet/pt/cn.诗人poem/pm/cn.诗;韵文poetry/ptri/un.诗;诗意;诗集;诗作poetic adj.诗的，诗歌的；诗意的；诗人的诗的，诗歌的；诗意的；诗人的county/kanti/cn.(英国、爱尔兰的英国、爱尔兰的)郡郡;(美国的美国的)县县 counties(pl.)feast/fi:st/n.盛宴盛宴;宴会宴会;节日节日feast your eyes(on sb/sth)尽情欣赏；大饱眼福；赏心悦目a wedding feast婚宴婚宴a visual feast视觉盛宴视觉盛宴rollv.(使使)滚动滚动;转动转动卷

35、卷roll over翻身翻身;打滚打滚nC卷卷;卷形物卷形物;面包卷面包卷;(正式的正式的)名册名册a roll of carpet/paper一卷地毯一卷地毯/纸纸Spring Rolls春卷春卷the honor roll光荣榜光荣榜dotnC点点;小圆点小圆点;(莫尔斯电码中的莫尔斯电码中的)点点on the dot准时准时vt在在(.上上/上方上方)加点加点;布满布满;星罗棋布于星罗棋布于be dotted with stars布满繁星布满繁星cattle(pl.)/ktl/n.牛牛roar/r(r)/(1)v.吼叫;咆哮;叫喊;大声地说;放声大笑;呼啸而行;熊熊燃烧e.g:We he

36、ard a lion roar.The crowd roared.It made them roar with laughter.A police car roared past.(2)n.咆哮;吼叫;His speech was greeted by a roar of applause.他的讲话引来了雷鸣般的掌声。ocean/n/n.大海大海;海洋海洋a drop in the ocean沧海一粟；九牛一毛an ocean of sth (informal)众多；大量scent/sent/cn.气味气味;气息气息greet/rit/vt.打招呼;迎接;欢迎;(以某种方式)对作出反应,回应;

37、映入的眼帘;(1)greet sb with sth 用向某人问候 be greeted with/by sth 对做出反应e.g：She greeted us with a smile.His speech was greeted by a roar of applause.(2)greeting n问候，打招呼；致意(常用复数形式greetings表示“问候语，贺词”)send greetings to 向致意They had an exchange of greetings.pub/pb/cn.酒吧酒吧;酒馆酒馆wine/wan/n.葡萄酒葡萄酒;果酒紫红色果酒紫红色;深红色深红色bee

38、r/b(r)/n.(一一杯杯)啤酒啤酒a barrel/bottle/glass of beer 一桶/一瓶/一杯啤酒stew /stju:/n.炖菜炖菜(有肉和蔬菜有肉和蔬菜);vt.&vi.炖炖;煨煨custom n(un/cn)风俗；习俗；风俗；习俗；(sing)习惯习惯 ;(un）惠顾，光惠顾，光顾顾adj.定做（制）的定做（制）的(1)customs and habits 风俗习惯风俗习惯It is the custom for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是一种习俗对某人来说做某事是一种习俗e.g：Its a local custom.It was her custo

39、m to rise early.Thank you for your custom.Please call again.(2)customs n海关海关sensory/sensri/adj.感觉的感觉的;感官的感官的sensible adj.能感觉的；明智的sensitiveadj.敏感的striking adj.引人注目的;显著的=noticable/remarkable/obviousstrike :罢工;侵袭;重创;打;碰撞;打动;敲钟;(钟)打点/报时strike -struck -struck/strickenA striking image.引人注目的形象There is a st

40、riking difference betweenTom and Peter.区别区别很大很大transition/trnzn;-sn/n.过渡过渡;转变转变;变迁变迁transitional/trnznladj.(时期)过渡的;过渡性的;过渡时期的crowd n人群；一群人；民众人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使挤满；使拥挤拥挤(1)a crowd of 一大群；许多的the crowd 人群(2)crowd into 涌入；挤入crowd into ones mind 涌入某人的脑海They had managed to crowd into a train.他们勉强挤上了一列火车。(3)crowded adj.拥挤的；塞满的 be crowded with 挤满了；充满e.g:The library is crowded with students.LOGOPPT模板：