Unit 1词汇单词讲解（ppt课件）-2023新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册.pptx

1、teenageadj.十几岁的（指（指13至至19岁）岁）;青少年的青少年的the teenage yearsteenage girls/boys teenagern.十几岁的青少年（13至至19岁之间的）岁之间的）a person who is between 13 and 19 years oldWords and Expressionsvolunteern.志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的vi./vt.自愿(1)volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事反义词：be forced to do 强迫做某事volunteer for sth.自愿做某事volunteer as sth.自

2、愿担任(2)voluntary adj.自愿的 反义词：compulsory adj.义务的；强制的volunteer to do sth.Helen volunteered to have Thanksgiving at her house this year.debate n辩论；争论辩论；争论Debate Club 辩论俱乐部*The students had a heated debate on the subjectvt.&vi.辩论；争论辩论；争论*The two sides debated whether to raise the price of school meals.双方

3、就是否应该提高学校用餐价格进行辩论。debate with sbabout/on sth就与某人进行辩论*I debated with Mary about this problem.我和玛丽就这个问题进行了讨论。debate(1)have a heated debate 进行激烈的辩论under debate 在讨论中；在辩论中beyond/without debate 无可争议(2)debate with sb.about/on.就与某人辩论discuss vt.讨论discussion n讨论debate n.&vi.争论The discussion turned into a heat

4、ed debate.这场讨论变成了激烈的争论。argue 指提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。reason 指据理力争以说服对方或求得对问题作更深入的研究。discuss 最常用词，指就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题。dispute 侧重对分歧进行激烈或热烈的争论或争辩，带一定感情色彩，常隐含“各持已见”或“争论不休”意味。debate 侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩。quarrel 指两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、吵吵嚷嚷地大声争论某事，尤指“吵嘴、吵架”。prefer vt.(preferred;preferre

5、d;preferring)更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)(教材P12)I prefer helping others.我喜欢帮助别人。prefer(sb.)to do sth.宁愿/更喜欢(某人)做某事prefer(doing)sth.to(doing)sth.与相比更喜欢prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿做而不愿做prefer that sb.(should)do sth.宁愿prefer A to B 更喜欢A而不是Bpreference n.偏爱；优先权；偏爱的事物 have a strong preference for偏爱in preference

6、to 优先于；而不是give preference to 优先考虑；优待注意:prefer意为“更喜欢；较喜欢”，相当于like better/more，所以prefer不与比较级连用。contentn.内容，容纳的东西v.使满足adj.满足的，满意的feel/be content with/in 满足于be content to do 甘愿做某事content oneself with 满足于 the content of the article 文章内容1.content 表示“甘心的，甘愿的”；2.contented指安于现状已无他求，有“知足”的意味；3.satisfied表示某事完全

7、满足了个人的欲望需要或要求，有积极愉快的意味在内。注意：(1)content作“所含之物”解时，通常用其复数形式。(2)“对满意”不一样的表达be content with.对满足/满意be satisfied with对满足/满意be happy with对满足/满意movement n.动；移动；变动；团体；乐章；机械装置；可动装置；运动；活动；动向辨析辨析:motion 指不处于静止状态而在移的过程中，强调本身，而不涉及其因。move 着重开始的行为或变化。movement 通常抽象地指有规则的作或定向，特指政治性的（具有共同思想或目标的运动）。move v.move into 搬进；m

8、ove on 接受现实clean up清理,清理干净,打扫；发大财；赢得(一项或系列体育竞赛或赛事)大满贯clean adj.清洁的，的；清白的vt.使vi.打扫，清扫adv.完全地n.打扫suitableadj.适当的;适宜的;合适的be suitable for sb./sth.适合于某人/某物be suitable to do sth.适合做某事扩展：suitn.套装，西装；诉讼；v.满足（某人）需要；相配，合身；适合；If not,let me know what time suits you best.如果不方便，请告诉我什么时间最适合你。(1)词尾加able变形容词小结：suit

9、suitable adj.合适的；适用的comfort comfortable adj.舒适的accept acceptable adj.可接受的(2)“适合某人”：be suitable for sb.be fit for sb.(熟词僻意熟词僻意:fit n.痉挛；合身；发作 have a fit 发病)suit sb.actually adv.事实上；的确(教材P13)Actually,I like acting better,but my friends go to the Ballet Club and I want to be with them.事实上，我更喜欢表演，但是我的朋友

10、去芭蕾俱乐部，我想和他们在一起。He looked calm,but actually he was very nervous.他看起来很镇定，但实际上却非常紧张。As a matter of fact,I have known the truth.事实上，我已经知道了事实真相。challenge n.挑战；艰巨任务vt.怀疑；向挑战face/take up a challenge面对挑战the challenge of(doing)某事的挑战accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战challenge sb.to do 激励某人做某事challenge sb.向某人挑战c

11、hallenger n.挑战者challenging adj.有挑战性的This is a time when we Chinese have both a great many challenges and chances.这是一个我们中国人既有许多挑战又有机遇的时期。title n.标题；题目；职称；职务；第一名；冠军；所有权；就任圣职需具备的资格；称号；称呼v.给加标题辨析：辨析：heading 通常指书的标题、文章的题目或者章节的标题headline 表示“大字标题”，一般指报纸上的大新闻的铅字大标题，同时，headline也可以指“新闻头条”。title 一般表示电影、电视剧、戏剧、

12、书籍等的名称，也可以指头衔、职称。name 最普通用词，指人、动物或事物的姓名、名称或名字。topic n.题目；话题；主题辨析：辨析：topic 普通用词，含义广泛，但其范畴小于subject。既可指文章、讲话的题目，谈话的内容，又可指提纲中的标题甚至段落的主题或中心思想。subject 一般用词，使用广泛。指书籍、文章、演讲、讨论等中所隐含的、暗示的，需要由读者或听众推断的主题或中心话题。theme 系正式用词，多指文学、艺术作品的主题，或论文、演说的主题。issue 指有争论、议论，急需讨论研究的热点话题。confusev.使糊涂，使迷惑；混淆 confuse A with/and B

13、混淆A和BThe old man is always confusing the boy with his younger brother.老人总是把男孩和他的弟弟混淆。confusion n.迷惑；困惑 confusing adj.令人迷惑的 confused adj.感到困惑的be confused about.对感到困惑confusion about/over sth.困惑 in confusion 困惑地He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long

14、time.这个让人困惑的问题也困扰了他很长一段时间。fluent adj.表达流利的；外语说写流利的；口头流利表达的；优美自如的；畅流的；能流动的fluentlyadv.流利地；通畅地fluencyn.流畅，流利graduatevi.&vt毕业；获得学位毕业；获得学位graduate from.毕业于(学校)graduate in.毕业于(专业)*She graduated from Harvard in history last year.她去年毕业于哈佛大学历史系。n.毕业生毕业生 undergraduate n.大学本科生大学本科生 postgraduate n.研究生研究生*Our c

15、ompany will offer more jobs to university graduates this year.今年我们的公司将为大学毕业生提供更多的工作。【拓展拓展】graduation n.毕业；毕业典礼毕业；毕业典礼*After graduation,he became a teacher.毕业后，他成了一名老师。*My whole family came to my graduation.我的家人都来参加了我的毕业典礼。recommend /rekmend/vt.建议；推荐；介绍建议；推荐；介绍*My adviser recommended that I should si

16、gn up for advanced literature.recommend sth.to sb./sb.sth.向某人推荐某物*I recommended the book to all my students.recommend doing sth.建议干某事*He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie.recommend sb to do sth.建议某人干某事*She recommend us not to travel on Thanksgiving Day.我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学课程。我向我所有的学生都推

17、荐这本书。他建议先看这本书，再去看这部电影。她建议我们不要在感恩节去旅游。recommend+that从句（从句中用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，should常可省略）She recommend that we（should）not travel on Thanksgiving Day.It is recommended that 推荐It is strongly recommended that the machines should be checked every year.强烈推荐这些机器每年被检查一次。同义词suggest doing=advise doing=recommen

18、d doingsuggest that sb.(should)do=recommend that sb.(should)do=advise that sb.(should)do advise sb.to do sth.=recommend sb.to do sth.她建议我们不要在感恩节去旅游。recommend 近义词辨析近义词辨析劝告；主张；建议劝告；主张；建议 propose 多指较正式地提出建议。prescribe 多指医生对病人在用药或饮食等方面的建议。suggest 语气较委婉，指提出不成熟的建议或参见意见。advocate 指公开表明对某事或某行为的完全赞同，语气强于recomm

19、end。recommend 指向对方提出公开的建议或规劝。sign up 注册;报名;报名参加 sign n.标记；标志；表示；手势；示意动作；宫；正负号；迹象；征兆；标牌v.签名于；签字于；打手势；示意；用手势语交流；签署；署；与（运动员、音乐人等）签约；签约；用手势语表达signaladj.显著的；作为信号的n.信号；暗号；导火线vi.发信号vt.标志；用信号通知advance adj.先进的/高级的vi.推进，促进；前进(1)advance on/upon/towards 朝前进(2)in advance 预先；提前(指事先)in advance of 在前面；超过(3)advanced

20、 adj.高级的；先进的advanced course 高级课程反义词：elementaryadj.初级的；基础的；advance 本身已有本身已有“向前向前”的的含义，因此后不必接含义，因此后不必接forwardobviously adv.明显地；显然；显而易见；不言而喻同义词：同义词：apparently,clearly,evidentlyObvious adj.明显的；显著的；平淡无奇的Obviousness n.显而易见；明显；显著性 quit v./n.离开，放弃，停止，辞职 (教材P14)Obviously,I was unhappy,but I wont quit.很明显，我不高

21、兴，但我不会就此停止。quit school/ones job/office退学/离职/辞职quit a place 离开某地quit doing sth.(stop doing sth.)停止干某事I knew it was time to quit smoking.我知道该戒烟的时候到了。Last century,a lot of people quit their jobs to run business.上个世纪，许多人辞职下海经商。responsible adj.负责的；有责任的负责的；有责任的*We thought he would have a more responsible

22、attitude.be responsible for 对负责任*I know Ill have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more.我知道作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力学习，并习惯于对更多的事情负责任。responsibility n.责任；义务 sense of responsibility 责任感 take responsibility for 对负责rights and responsibilities 权利和义务*He has

23、a strong sense of responsibility.solution n解决办法；答案(经典佳句)It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem.找到解决这个问题的办法可能要花很长时间。a/the solution to sth.的解决方法solve vt.解决；解答solve a problem 解决一个问题Then I give him my opinion about a solution.然后我给他意见，告诉他我的一个解决方案。After we solved the problem,we were ver

24、y glad to go home.我们解决了这个问题后，很高兴地回家了。schedule n工作计划；日程安排vt.安排；预定 近义词：time；arrange(教材P15)So I need to make a workable schedule.因此，我需要制订一个切实可行的日程安排。(1)ahead of schedule 先于预定时间on schedule 按照预定时间/按时间表behind schedule 迟于预定时间as scheduled 如期(2)be scheduled for 预定在 be scheduled to do sth.预计做某事Youd better fin

25、ish the project on schedule.你最好按预定时间完成这项工程。Thanks to your timely help,I could finish my work ahead of schedule.多亏了你及时的帮助，我能提前完成工作。editor n.主编；主笔；编辑edition n.版本；版；版次editorialadj.编辑的；社论的n.社论editoriallyadv.以编辑身份地；以社论形式editn.编辑工作vt.编辑；校订adventure n.冒险经历；冒险的刺激；不顾后果（或潜在危险）的行为；生意v.探险；拿（某物，尤指金钱、生命）冒险a sense

26、 of adventure 冒险精神adventurousadj.爱冒险的；充满危险的adventuresomeadj.冒险性的；爱冒险的survival n.幸存；残存物；残存习俗survivingadj.继续存在的；未死的；依然健在的v.生存（survive的ing形式）survivorn.幸存者；生还者；残存物survive vi.幸存；活下来vt.幸存；生还；幸免于；比.活得长survive on 靠活下来；靠生存expertn.专家adj.熟练的，有经验的 a person with special knowledge,skill or training in sth.He is a

27、n expert cook.be expert(at/in/on doing sth.)He is expert at playing the piano.同义词：specialist n.专家反义词：inexpert adj.缺乏技巧的；缺乏知识的behaviour n行为；举止；习性(教材P18)I recommend that you talk to your friend about his behaviour.我建议你就你朋友的举止同他进行交流。(1)behave vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现behavewell/badly towards to sb.对待某人好/差beh

28、ave oneself 守规矩；表现得体(2)wellbehaved adj.表现好的I want you to behave yourselves while Im away.我不在家时你们要乖乖的。generation n.一代人；同代人；产生generation gap 代沟(gap n.缝隙；洞；空隙；间隔；间断)generatorn.发电机；发生器；生产者generatevt.使形成；发生；生殖attract v.吸引，引起 Like attracts like.物以类聚(教材P18)It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation

29、 to be attracted to computer games and the online world.对你们这代青年人来说，被计算机游戏和网络世界所吸引是再正常不过的了。be attracted to 喜爱；被吸引到；沉迷于同义短语：be fond of(1)attract ones attention吸引某人的注意力attract sb.to sth.吸引某人关注某事(2)attraction n.有趣的东西；吸引人之物a tourist attraction (一个)旅游景点(3)attractive adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的；引起注意的focus on 集中于（做）某事；聚

30、焦于同义短语：concentrate on focus vt.集中 n.中心；重点；焦点the focus of attention 关注的焦点*Her children are the main focus of her life.addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的(教材P18)Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life.一些学生甚至沉迷于网络，无法把精力集中到学习和家庭生活中来。(1)be addicted to(doing)sth.沉溺于；专心做(2)addict vt.使沉溺；使上瘾n.有瘾的人 v.使沉溺,使醉心;使上瘾 addict oneself to sth.沉溺于(3)addictive adj.上瘾的；使人入迷的