高一高二期末考试备考资料 人教版课本必修5重点短语和句型英语语法.doc

1、高中英语英法时态 语态 句型 语气Unit 1 Great scientists重点短语1. point of view 态度；观点2. Put forward 提出3. draw a conclusion 得出结论4. expose.to. 暴露5. come to an end 结束6. apart from 此外7. look into 调查8. in addition 另外9. make sense 有意义10. at times 有时11. be for/against 支持/反对12. conclude sth. with/by sth 以.结束13. in conclusion

2、最后，总之14. blame sth. on sb. 把某市归咎于某人15. be to blame 应承担责任；该受责备16. If you are not to blame, then who is? 如果你不应受责备，那么谁应受呢？17. put away 放好;积蓄18. Put an end to 结束19. Put down 记下20. put out 熄灭21. Put up with 忍受22. Put off 推迟23. make sense of 明白，理解24. a sense of 感重点句型1. What do you know about infectious di

3、seases?你对传染性疾病了解多少?2. John Snow was a famous doctor in London so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成为维多利亚女王的私人大夫。3. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助患了霍乱的普通老百姓，他就感到很振奋。4. N

4、either its cause, nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。5. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。6. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。7. John Snow su

5、spected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.约翰斯诺猜想第二个理论是正确的，但他需要证据。8. It seemed that the water was to blame.看来要归罪于饮用水了。9. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.约翰斯诺马上叫宽街上惊惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成

6、了。10. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。11. Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的结构，你们还学过以下的一些短语。12. Although h

7、e had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion.虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字，然而他所有的数学计算都得出同样的结论。13. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其它行星的运动才能讲得通。14. Yet Copernicus theory is now the base on which

8、 all our ideas of the universe are built.然而哥白尼的理论却是我们对于宇宙的想法赖以建立的基础。Unit 2 TheUnited Kingdom重点短语1. Consist of 由组成2. to ones surprise 令某人吃惊的是3. Break away from 脱离；脱掉4. Leave out 省去；遗漏5. Make a list of 把列出清单6. In memory of 为纪念7. Feel proud of 对感到骄傲8. Divide into 把分成9. Refer to 说到10. On special occasio

9、ns 在特殊的场合11. Take the place of 代替12. Break down 损坏重点句型1. How many countries does theUKconsist of?联合王国由几个国家组成?2. You can easily clarify this question if you study British history.如果你学习了英国历史，很容易就能弄清楚这个问题。3. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James ofScotlandbecame King of England

10、 andWalesas well.令人高兴的是，这件事没有引起冲突就完成了，那时候苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为了英格兰和威尔士的国王。4. However, the southern part ofIrelandwas unwilling and broke away to form its own government.然而，爱尔兰的南部却不愿意而分离出去了，并建立了自己的政府。5. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas.值得赞扬的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作。6.Englandis the l

11、argest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.在这四个国家中，英格兰最大，为了方便起见，它大致被分为了三个地区。7. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to theUnited Kingdomenjoyable and worthwhile.如果你想要使你的英国之旅愉快又有意义，你就必须留心观察。8. Worried about the time available, Z

12、hang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想在伦敦参观的地点列了一张单子。9. It looked splendid when first built.刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌。10. What interested her most was the longitude line.她最感兴趣的是那条经线。11. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have liv

13、ed and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。Unit 3 Life in the Future重点短语1.take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续2.in all directions 向四面八方3. lose sight of 不再看见.4. remind of 使回想起或意识到5. in no time 立刻，立即6. sweep up 打扫；横扫7. assist in 帮助；援助；协助8. depend on 依靠，依赖9. catch sight of 瞥见10. speed up 加速11. A lack of

14、 的缺乏重点句型1. I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.我还是无法相信我是在接受去年赢得的这个奖励。2. I have to remind myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008.我得不断提醒自己我真的到公元3008年了。3. At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候,新的环境让我难以忍受。4. The air seemed thin, as th

15、ough its combination of gases had little oxygen left.空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的气体中剩下的氧气很少。5. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。6. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.很快我又重新振作起来，然后跟随他领取了一部由电脑控制的气垫车。7. However, I lost sight of

16、 Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.可是，当我们到达一个看上去像大市场的地方时，由于太多车子朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。8. He was swept up into the center of them.他被卷入到这群车队中去了。9. Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean roo

17、m.到了一幢看上去很奇怪的房子里，他把握带到一个明亮而清洁的大房间。10. I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen.后来我才发现，就是这些树的叶子为这栋房屋提供了最急需的氧气。11. Having said this, he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor.说完这些，他把食物摆在桌子上，又从地板下取出一张床来。12. Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell f

18、ast asleep.精疲力竭，我钻到床里很快就睡着了。Unit 4 Making the News重点短语1. on ones own 独自；独立2. be eager to do sth 渴望于3. concentrate on 全神贯注于4. accuseof 因指责或控告5. go on a story 去采访6. cover a story 采访/报道7. make sure 确定；查明；弄明白；确保8. ahead of time 提前9. have a good “nose” for sth 探查发现某事物的能力24. be supposed to 应当；认为必须25. defe

19、nd against 防卫以免于重点句型1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.周阳永远不会忘记他在一家知名的英语报报社第一天上班的工作任务。2. Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested.你将会发现你的同事们会热情地帮助你，如果你

20、对摄影感兴趣，以后你可以集中精力去钻研。3. Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.对摄影我不只是感兴趣，在大学里我还专修过业余摄影课来更新我的技术。4. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.只有提很多不同的问题，你才能收集到你需要的信息。5. They must use r

21、esearch to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.他们必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。6. Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the persons said.同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。7. Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the sti

22、ck?你们有没有过这样的情况：有人控告你的记者，说他们的报道完全失实呢？8. This is how the story goes.事情是这样的。9. He denied taking money but we were sceptical.他否认收了钱，但我们对此表示怀疑。10. It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.这事有些为难，因为如果我们错了，这名足球运动员就可以向我们索要赔偿。11. He tried to stop us publishing it b

23、ut later we were proved right.他竭力阻止我们发表这篇文章，但后来证实我们是正确的。12. We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers.为了抢在其他报纸前面我们这一版就需要它。13. All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives.然后，所有的报道材料就已准备好被制成底片。Unit 5 First aid重点短语1. first aid 急救2. get injured/burnt 受伤; 烧

24、伤3. protectagainst sth 防止; 遭受4. depend on 依靠; 取决于; 依而定5. squeeze out 榨出6. over and over again 重复7. in place 在适当的位置8. fall ill 生病9. sense of touch 触觉10. put ones hands on 找到11. dress the injuries 包扎伤口12. make a difference 有作用重点句型1. Burns are called first degree, second degree or third degree burns de

25、pending on which layers of the skins are burnt.根据皮肤烧伤的层次而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。2. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服黏贴在烧伤面上，否则如果必须的话就要用剪刀把衣物移除。3. If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，可能的话，就要把他们抬高到高于心脏的位置。4. it

26、 is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.立即把受害者送往医院或送去看医生至关重要。5. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。6. She was lying in her front garden bleeding very heavily.她躺在前花园的地上，流血不止。7. He immediately asked a number of nearby people for bandages, 他立即向

27、旁边的一些人要绷带，8. He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulancearrived.他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。8. There is no doubt that Jons quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫无疑问，是敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士的生命得救了。9. It shows

28、 that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。 高中英语语法学习方法首先，是我们最熟悉的定语从句，定语从句只需要掌握好定语从句的两种类型以及定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的使用就可以了，高中语法不会考查太难的。其次，名词性从句掌握好它的四种子从句，学会判断各种从句以及断句。名词性从句的引导词全部是初中就已经学习过的那些疑问词的使用，按照那种方式使用就可以了。最后，状语从句相对来说比较复杂，因为它种类繁多比较难记。而且它的连词又是属于最重要的部分在写作中，所以状语从句需要有比较好的语感。学完

29、动词和从句之后，过渡到我们高中的重难点非谓语动词，这一般是在高二年级开始学习。这个部分我们其实只需要记住三句话就可以概括：现在分词 doing表主动和进行;过去分词 done 表完成和被动;不定式表将来和目的。以上三大类就是我们高中语法的重点部分，剩下的就是一些相对来说比较容易学习的语法了。例如词类(名词，冠词，代词)还有我们的特殊句式。总体来说高中高考的重点就在我们前面所说的语法中。平时学习的过程中需要自己多进行总结和归纳。高中英语语法学习诀窍注重平时积累语法是死的，语言是活的。随着学习的深入，会发现有很多英语表达方法，一时很难找出规律。尤其是习惯用法，并不是在课本的某一个单元或某一篇课文中

30、集中出现，而是分散在整个英语学习过程之中。在这种情况下，只能靠平时不断积累来学习。不要死抠语法有些同学，往往把主要时间都用在做语法选择题上，死抠语法的细枝末节，非要把活生生的语言肢解成一堆语法术语，结果走火入魔，无法自拔，不但严重影响听说读写综合技能的发展和提高，还使自己痛苦不堪，丧失学习的信心。英语学习最重要的是学会应用，读懂了、会用了，这就行了，完全没有必要再继续花时间去对无关大局的细微之处进行孔乙己式的学究型探讨，更不要被语法规则束缚住手 脚。否则，即使知道“回”字有四种写法，又有什么现实意义呢?让语法学习生动起来有些同学认为语法学习十分枯燥无味，是一个苦差事。是的，语法中有很多抽象的概

31、念，如果囫囵吞枣般地去背记，确实令人头痛。怎样让语法学习生动起来?首先，不要孤零零地学习语法。要把语法规则和一定的上下文，或者和一定的生活情境结合起来，这样，语法规则变得有血有肉起来，比较容易记住。其次，可以采用画图的方式。用简单的图示来帮助自己形象地理解语法项目。另外，可自编一些顺口溜，或通过英文歌曲来学语法。高中英语单词学习方法 1.读音法在英语单词学习中，利用语音及构词法记忆单词是最常用及有效的方法。语音记忆是利用词汇的音和形两者之间的联系.结合词汇信息和其发音特征关系，掌握规律后在脑海中反复练习并建立词的音和形对应关系，达到记忆单词的目的。英语中一定的字母组合形成一定的发音，利用字母组

32、合后的读音规则可掌握词的拼写形式.因此利用词的正确读音来记忆单词是最基本和最好的方法。2.分类记忆法分类英语单词的拼写、构成都有一定的规律，在读音、领域、字形、意义以及用法等都有其共同的特征，通过词性分类和用法的对比，便于记忆和掌握其用法。可以根据单词的拼读规则、构词规则、词性、形似词、同音词、反义词、近义词等进行分类记忆。如围绕经济类主题展开，这类具有相同领域的词语同现使学习者容易形成知识框架的系统感，并在阅读理解和表达本领域方面的思想内容时具备一定知识结构的语言图式。学习者在记忆单词的过程中，尽量学会分类和归纳，使语言类别领域明显、条理清晰而易于记忆，能达到良好的效果。归纳能养成学习者独立

33、思考的习惯和认知处理能力，在词汇学习过程中寻找和总结单词变形的特点，激发个人的学习兴趣。如后缀可以使某些词类发生变化。而前缀通常会改变词义，结合语音和构词法规律等，把不同的词进行归类组合，能够大大提高学习效率。3 联想记忆扩展词汇词汇的组合愈紧密，利用联想的方法愈易于记住词汇。联想的词汇扩展包括形式联想和意义联想，结合分类记忆的联想更有益于扩大学习者的词汇。英语词汇记忆要降低学习的枯燥感，利用丰富的想象力引导和发挥想象，把词汇放到一定的语言组合中去记忆。联想同样可以围绕着一个中心词展开延伸，尤其在词语的使用 中，每个词都被相关词群所包围，学习者要创造联想进行记忆，活泼的联想可以增加学习趣味。学习者对有趣味性的联想有较高兴趣，容易增强记忆效果。