自学考试00015英语（二）第12章.pptx

1、英语（二）自学教程 Unit 12A Break from Life TEXT A Feeling FreeTEXT BSelf-Esteem and Body Image1.cranky adj.脾气坏的2.laundry n.要（或正在）洗的衣物；刚洗好的衣物3.resemble v.看起来像；显得像；像resemble:take afterresemblanceFeeling Free感受自由I woke up feeling cranky古怪发脾气.I didnt want to do housework,though the laundry洗衣 was piling up堆积.I d

2、idnt want to read the work I brought home from the office.I didnt want to do anything that resembled 看起来像responsible 负责任的behavior.It was that kind of day.（承上总结句）一醒来我的心情就很糟糕。我不想做家务，尽管要洗的衣服已经堆积如山。我也不想理会那些我从办公室带回家的工作。我不想做任何负责任的事。这就是那样的一天。4.throb n.（强烈有规律的）跳动；阵阵的疼痛5.subside v.趋于平静；平息；减弱；消退6.ache v.疼痛；隐痛

3、7.joint n.关节As I drank my morning tea,I thought I felt a headache coming on.Yes,there it was,a dull 迟钝阴郁的throb跳动阵阵的疼痛just behind my eyes.Maybe I should go back to bed until it subsided平复消退.As I put the dishes 碟子盘子in the sink,放下下沉 it seemed that my muscles体力肌肉 were beginning to ache疼痛.Or was the ache

4、 in my joints关节?That could mean I was coming down with患得染上小病 the flu流行感冒.（承上启下句）Everyone I knew had the flu this year.Why should I be the one to escape幸免避免漏掉 it?I absolutely should be in bed.当我喝早茶的时候，我就感到阵阵头痛袭来。是的，就是，一阵隐隐约约的疼痛充斥着我的眼睛。或许，我应该继续睡觉直到疼痛消失。当我把盘子丢进水槽里的时候，我的肌肉好像也开始隐隐作痛。或许是我的关节在痛?那是不是我得了流感了呢

5、?我认识的每个人今年都得了流感。凭什么我幸免于此?我的确应该躺在床上。8.shuffle v.拖着脚走9.wiggle v.（使）扭动，摆动，摇动10.sniffle n.抽鼻子（声）11.tissue n.(尤指用作手帕的)纸巾，手巾纸I shuffled 拖着脚走back to bed,wiggled扭动摆动under the covers遮盖被子 and shut my eyes.Another couple夫妇几个两三个 of hours of sleep would be so nice,but I was already completely awake.I ought to 本应

6、该get up.But no,there was that headache and the beginning of a sniffle抽鼻子（声）.Better get the tissues卫生纸.我拖拉着回到床上，在被子下扭动了下就闭上了眼睛。能再睡几小时就好了，可我现在已经完全清醒了。我应该起床。不，还是不要了。我的头还痛着，鼻子也开始抽抽搭搭了，我最好去拿些纸巾。be completely/wide awakebe fast/sound asleep12.pillow n.枕头On my way back from the bathroom with a family-sized（

7、适合全家用的）tissue box,I stopped to grab抓取掠夺 that big new novel I had bought but had no time to read.I opened the book and settled固定稳定 against the pillows枕头.我去浴室取了一盒家庭装的纸巾，在回到卧室的路上，我停下来抓起那本我早买了但一直没有时间看的大部头小说。我靠在枕头上打开了书。13.crack v.找到解决（难题等的）方法14.contagious adj.患接触性传染病的15.germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌16.resourceful adj

8、.机敏的；足智多谋的；随机应变的17.scrounge v.觅取；搜寻The morning was moving along and so was my reading.Another twenty pages and I was stretching.I should try to crack找到解决办法the report I was working on.I should at least get up and do the wash.What if I was contagious患接触性传染病的?I certainly didnt want to spread 传播散布any ge

9、rms细菌病菌.The wash could wait.My family was resourceful足智多谋的随机应变的enough to scrounge觅取搜寻clothing for the next day.一早上就这样过去了，我的阅读也这样继续着。接着我又看了20页，我伸展了一下身体。我应该把那个我一直忙着的工作报告做完。或许，我至少应该起床，洗点衣服。要是我患了传染性感冒怎么办?我可不想传播细菌啊。那些脏衣服可以等等再洗。家人有足够的能力找到第二天能穿的衣服。18.nurture v.养育；养护；培养19.chore n.令人厌烦的任务、乏味无聊的工作20.respite n

10、.暂停；暂缓21.manufacture v.编造；捏造22.symptom n.症状Maybe I wasnt actually getting the flu.I didnt really want to be sick.To be truthful,诚实的真实的 all I wanted was a little time off.I needed to nurture 养育培养myself away from people,chores厌烦的工作任务,career and the outside world.Did I have to wait to be sick to do tha

11、t?As a child,the only respite暂停 from school or family chores was illness.But I wasnt a child any more.Did I have to manufacture 编造捏造symptoms症状 to provide myself with an excuse?No,I decided,I didnt.或许我根本就没有感冒。我其实也并非真想生病。说实话，我只是想要一点闲暇的时间而已。我想让自己远离人群、琐事、职业以及外面的世界。我就非得等到生病了才能那样吗?孩子能不上课或不做家务的唯一方法就是生病，但我已

12、经不再是个孩子了。我不得不装出生病的症状来给自己找借口吗?不，我决定了，我不需要。nurture 养育，培养，培育；支持，鼓励Parents want to know the best way to nurture and raise their child to adulthood.父母们想了解把他们的孩子养育成人的最好方法。The human learns partly by nature,partly by nurture.人的学习能力部分是先天的，部分是后天培育的。provide sb.with sth./provide sth.for sb.23.pamper v.细心照顾；精心护理

13、；娇惯；纵容24.hermit n.隐土；隐修者；遁世者I talked to myself.Okay,I said,you need a day off.Admit 容许承认it.Accept it.Toss out the guilt罪过内疚负罪感 and enjoy a mini-vacation.What would you like to do?Read?Youre already doing that.Pamper细心照顾；精心护理；娇惯；纵容yourself?Take a bubble沸腾冒泡 bath.Be a hermit隐士?Let the machine answer t

14、he phone.我和自己交谈，好的，我说，你需要休息一天。承认吧，接受吧，抛掉罪恶感，去享受这个小假期。那你想做些什么呢?阅读吗?你已经那么做了啊。要不就纵容一下自己，洗个泡泡浴?还是就做个隐士，让答录机去接电话呢?25.gel n.凝胶，冻胶（尤指用于头发或护肤的产品）26.hearty adj.大的；丰盛的27.chamomile n.苹果菊；春黄菊；甘菊28.vanilla-scented adj.香草味的29.gingerly adv.谨慎地；小心翼翼地；轻手轻脚地30.grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的be grateful to sb.for sth.ungratefu

15、l比较：gracefuldisgraceful31.spa n.水疗32.tub n.浴缸；浴盆I poured half the bottle of bath gel凝胶冻胶into the streaming流动water and added a hearty大的丰盛handful of chamomile苹果菊甘菊bath salts要素精华.Then I lit a vanilla-scented香草味的candle and gingerly谨慎地；小心翼翼地；轻手轻脚地stepped into the bath tub浴缸；浴盆.With a grateful感激的 sigh,I i

16、mmersed沉浸陷入 myself in my homemade spa水疗.I heard the phone ring somewhere off in the distance and smiled.我在水中倒了半瓶沐浴露，还加了一大把甘菊浴盐，然后点起一支香草味的蜡烛，轻手轻脚地走进了浴缸里。我长舒了一口气，泡起了自制的水疗。我听见远处电话响起，笑而不应。33.drain n.下水道；排水管It is funny how the aches subsided in the heat of the tub.They just slipped away消失消亡 with the last

17、 of the bubbles down the drain下水道.My head felt just fine,the throb replaced by a sense of well-being.真是有意思，在热气腾腾的浴缸里，那些疼痛竞消失得无影无踪了，它们都随着最后的泡泡流进了下水道里。我的头感觉好多了，眼痛也被美好的感觉取而代之。34.refresh v.使恢复精力；使凉爽35.emotionally adv.感情上地；情感上地 emotion emotional36.empower v.增加（某人的）自主权；使控制局势37.permission n.准许；许可；批准 permit

18、38.justify v.对作出解释；为辩解（或辩护）39.awareness n.知道；认识；意识By late afternoon,I was back at it,refreshed恢复精力physically,mentally and emotionally感情上地.And ratherthan feeling helpless,I felt empowered增加自主权.I hadgiven myself permission准许批准 to listen and respond to作出反馈 my needs,to care for照顾 myself the way I tended

19、 to 照料护理my family.I didnt need the crutch 拐杖依靠支持 of illness to justify 对.作出解释 为.辩解 a rest.It was such a simple awareness意识but then isnt it the simple things that set us free?下午晚些时候，我恢复了精神，身体上，精神上，情绪上全都焕然一新。我也不再感到无助，反而感觉到充满力量。我给了自己倾听并满足自己需求的机会，像照顾家人一样关心了一下自己。我根本不需要生病这样的理由去休息。这其实是一个非常简单的意识，不过难道不是那些简单的

20、事情让我们感到自由吗?give sb.permission to do sth.respond to ones needs:meet ones needsthe way sb.did sth.tend to sb.照顾，照料crutch:拐杖；依靠，支持justify:prove sth.to be reasonableThe high quality of the cloth justifies its high price.Self-Esteem and Body Image自尊和自身形象1.skinny adj.极瘦的；干瘦的；皮包骨头的2.curly adj.鬈发（或毛）的；卷曲状的I

21、m fat.Im too skinny.Id be happy if I were taller,shorter,had curly hair,straight hair,a smaller nose,bigger muscles,longer legs.我很胖。我太瘦了。要是我能再高一点我就开心了。要是我能再矮一点我就开心了。要是我是卷发我就开心了。要是我是直发我就开心了。要是我的鼻子能再小一点我就开心了。要是我的肌肉能再发达点我就开心了。要是我的腿能再长点我就开心了。3.adjust v.适应；习惯Do any of these statements sound familiar?（承上句

22、）Are you used to putting yourself down使当众出丑?If so,youre not alone.As a teen,youre going through经历 a ton of changes（大量的变化）in your body.And as your body changes,so does your image of yourself.Lots of people have trouble adjusting,and this can affect their self-esteem.这些表述听起来熟悉吗?你经常贬损自己吗?如果是，那也不是你一个人这么

23、做。十几岁的时候，你的身体会经历大量的变化。你的身体改变了，你的个人形象也改变了。很多人都很难调整适应这些变化，这就会影响到他们的自尊。4.worthwhile adj.重要的；令人愉快的；有趣的；得花时间（或花钱、努力等）的Why Are Self-Esteem and Body Image Important?Self-esteem is all about how much people value themselves,the pride they feel in themselves,and how worthwhile they feel.Self-esteem is import

24、ant because feeling good about yourself can affect how you act.A person who has high self-esteem will make friends easily,is more in control of his or her behavior,and will enjoy life more.为什么自尊和自身形象这么重要?自尊就是关于人们如何评价自己，他们对自己的自豪感以及他们觉得自己的重要程度。自尊非常重要，因为自我感觉是否良好会影响到你的行为。自尊心强的人交朋友会比较容易，更能控制自己的行为，也更会享受生活

25、。Body image is how someone feels about his or her own physical appearance.For many people,especially those in their early teens,body image can be closely linked to与.有联系 self-esteem.Thats because as kids develop into teens,they care more about how others see them.（承上句）自身形象就是一个人对自己的外表感觉如何。对很多人来说，尤其是刚十

26、几岁的时候，自身形象和自尊心的关系紧密，这是因为随着孩子们步入青春期，他们会更在意别人怎么看他们。5.puberty pjubti n.青春期6.tempting adj.吸引人的；诱人的；有吸引力的7.celeb n.名人（celebrity的缩写）What Influences a Persons Self-Esteem?Puberty青春期 Some teens struggle with their self-esteem when they begin puberty because the body goes through many changes.These changes,c

27、ombined with a natural desire天生的欲望 to feel accepted,mean it can be tempting吸引人的诱人的有吸引力的 for people to compare themselves with others.They may compare themselves with the people around them or with actors and celebs名人 they see on TV,in movies,or in magazines.什么会影响一个人的自尊?青春期一些十几岁的孩子会在青春期开始时在自尊这个问题上比较纠

28、结，这是由于他们的身体经历着许多变化造成的。身体上的变化，加上希望得到认可的内在渴望意味着他们会很难不把自己和其他人比较。他们可能会把自己和身边的人比较，也可能会和在电视上、电影里或是杂志上看到的演员或名人来比较。it can be tempting（吸引人的，诱惑人的）for people to compare themselves with others 中it是形式主语，真正的主语是for people to compare themselves with others,for people作不定式的逻辑主语。注意不定式和动名词逻辑主语的选择Its selfish of you to t

29、hink of yourself all the time（你老是想着自己）.Its important for you to master a foreign language（你掌握一门外语）.Its+adj.+of sb.to do sth.此类形容词包括：nice,kind,cruel,selfish,selfless,brave,wise,foolish,stupid 等。Do you mind my/me/Toms/Tom opening the window（我/汤姆开窗）?His/Toms having left home（他/汤姆离家出走）made his parents v

30、ery sad.8.bloomer n.完全成熟的人9.temporary adj.短暂的；暂时的；临时的10.spurt n.（速度、干劲、活动或感情的）短时激增，迸发11.permanently adv.永久地；永恒地；长久地12.gene n.基因But its impossible to measure ourselves against others because the changes that come with puberty are different for everyone.（承上启下句、主题句）Some people start developing early;ot

31、hers are late bloomers完全成熟的人.Some get a temporary短暂的 layer of fat to prepare for a growth spurt迸发;others fill out长胖长肥 permanently永久地,and still others feel like they stay skinny no matter how much they eat.It all depends on how our genes基因 have programmed our bodies to act.（承上总结句）但是把我们和其他人作比较是不可能的，因为

32、在青春期的变化每个人都是不尽相同的。有些人会成熟得早，有些人成熟得晚。有些人可能因为生长发育会暂时发福，有些人可能一直都会很胖，还有一些人不管吃多少都会很纤瘦。这完全取决于我们的基因怎么样控制我们的身体去变化。But its impossible to measure ourselves against others because the changes that come with puberty are differentfor everyone.measure oneself against.对照评价自己，一较高下，与较量It all depends on how our genes

33、have programmed our bodies to act.depend on 取决于It depends.看情况吧。program 使按预定的步骤进行our genes have programmed our bodies to act 我们的基因已经设定好了身体将如何成长13.embarrassed adj.（人或行为）（尤指在社交场合）窘迫的，尴尬的，害羞的embarrassembarrassedembarrassingembarrassmentto ones embarrassmentmuch to ones embarrassmentto ones great embarra

34、ssment14.mature v.成熟；长成maturityimmatureThe changes that come with puberty can affect how bothgirls and guys feel about themselves.Some girls may feel uncomfortable or embarrassed尴尬 about their maturing成熟 bodies.Others may wish that they were developing faster.Girls may feet pressure to be thin but g

35、uys may feel like they dont look big or muscular enough.青春期里这样的变化会影响女孩和男孩对他们自己的看法。有些女孩可能会因为发育得快而觉得不舒服或者尴尬。还有人可能还希望他们能发育得更快一点。女孩们可能在保持纤瘦方面感到有压力，男孩们可能会担心他们看起来不够高大或者强壮。15.bulked-up adj.胀大的；发起来的16.influence v.影响；对起作用influential17.criticize v.批评；批判；挑剔；指责18.hurtful adj.感情的；伤害自尊的19.peer n.身份（或地）l相同的人；同龄人；同

36、辈20.racial adj.种族的；种族间的21.ethnic adj.种族的；民族的22.prejudice n.偏见；成见23.ignorance n.无知ignoreignorant Outside InfluencesIts not just development that affects self-esteem,though.Many other factors(like media images of skinny girls and bulked-up guys身材魁梧的男孩)can affect a persons body image too.Family life ca

37、n sometimes influence self-esteem.Some parents spend more time criticizing their kids and the way they look than praising them,which can reduce kids ability to develop good self-esteem.People also may experience negative comments and hurtful伤感情的 teasing about the way they look from classmates and pe

38、ers同辈.Sometimes racial种族的 and ethnic种族的 prejudice偏见 is the source of such comments.Although these often come from ignorance,sometimes they can affect someones body image and self-esteem.外界影响并不是只有发育会影响他们的自尊心。许多其他的因素也能影响个人的自身形象，比如媒体中纤瘦的女孩们或是身材魁梧的男孩们的形象。家庭生活有时也会影响自尊心。有些家长批评他们的孩子的行为和外表的时间比表扬他们的时间还要多，这样也

39、会削减孩子们培养良好的自尊心的能力。在外表这个问题上，人们还可能会遭受同学或是同龄人的负面评论或是恶意嘲讽。有时候，这样的评论也来源于种族或民族歧视。尽管这些评论通常都源于无知，但有时它们还是会影响一个人的自身形象和自尊心。24.independent adj.自立的；自食其力的25.boost v.使增长；使兴旺26.optimistic adj.乐观的；抱乐观看法的optimistoptimism反义词：pessimistpessimisticpessimism27.capable adj.有能力的；有才能的incapablecapability28.lifestyle n.生活方式；工作

40、方式bination n.结合体；联合体；混合体combinecombined 结合的，化合的Healthy Self-Esteem.If you have a positive body image,you probably like and accept yourself the way you are.This healthy attitude allows you to explore other aspects of growing up,such as developing good friendships,growing more independent from your pa

41、rents,and challenging yourself physically and mentally.Developing these parts of yourself can help boost your self-esteem.A positive,optimistic attitude can help people develop strong self-esteem.For example,saying,Hey,Im human instead of Wow,Im such a loser when youve made a mistake,or not blaming

42、others when things dont go as expected.Knowing what makes you happy and how to meet your goals can help you feel capable,strong,and in control of your life.A positive attitude and a healthy lifestyle(such as exercising and eating right)are a great combination for building good self-esteem.健康的自尊心如果你有

43、积极向上的自身形象，那么你可能会喜欢并接受你自己自然的样子。这种健康的态度让你探索成长过程中的其他方面，比如建立良好的友谊，更加独立于父母，或是在身体和精神上挑战自己。发掘你自身这些方面能够帮助你增强自尊心。积极乐观的态度能够帮助人们建立强烈的自尊心。例如，当犯错误的时候说“嘿，我只是个普通人”而不是“糟糕，我是个失败者”，或是当事情无法如愿发展的情况下不去责怪别人。知道什么能让自己开心并且怎样去实现目标能让你感到更有能力，更坚强，更能把握自己的生活。积极的态度和健康的生活方式(比如运动和合理饮食)是建立良好自尊的最佳组合。30.verify v.核实；查对；核准31.ultimately a

44、dv.最终；最后；终归Tips for Improving Your Body ImageSome people think they need to change how they look or act to feel good感到愉快 about themselves.But actually all you need to do is change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself.The first thing to do is recognize that your body is your own

45、,no matter what shape,size,or color it comes in.If youre very worried about your weight or size,check with your doctor to verify 核实that things are OK.But its no ones business but your own what your body is like.Ultimately最终,you have to be happy with yourself.提升自身形象的建议 有些人认为，他们需要改变自身的外表或是做事情的方式来让自己感觉

46、良好。但是其实你需要做的只是改变你看待自己的身体的方式以及你对自己的看法。第一件事就是认识到，不管你胖瘦、高矮或是肤色，你的身体都是你自己的。如果你非常担心你的体重或者身高，找医生检查一下是不是一切都正常。但是你的身体怎么样是你自己的事，和别人无关。最终，你还是要对自己感到满意。32.nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的 nutritionmalnutrition mlnjutrn n.营养不良mal-:表示错误，坏再如：maltreatmltrit vt.虐待malfunction mlfkn n.故障；失灵v.发生故障；不起作用Next,identify which aspe

47、cts of your appearance you can realistically change and which you cant.Everyone(even the most perfect-seeming（表面上）celeb)has things about themselves that they cant change and need to accept,like their height,for example,or their shoe size.If there are things about yourself that you want to change and

48、 can(such as how fit you are),do this by making goals for yourself.For example,if you want to get fit,make a plan to exercise every day and eat nutritious foods.Then keep track of了解.的情况your progress until you reach your goal.Meeting a challenge you set for yourself is a great way to boost self-estee

49、m!第二件事，确认一下你外表的哪些方面可以改变，哪些你不能改变。每个人(即使是看起来最完美的社会名人)都会有他不能改变而必须接受的东西，就像身高或是鞋子的尺码。如果有些事情你想改变并且能够改变(比如身体的健康程度)，那么就给自己制定一些目标。例如，如果你想变得健康，那么就制定一个计划，每天锻炼并且吃有营养的食物。然后掌握你的进步状况直到达到你的目标。达到自己设定的挑战是增强自尊心的一个好办法!do sth.for oneselfdo sth.by oneselflive to oneselfHe bought a house near his widowed mothers because he didnt want her to live to herself.