2022届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题.docx

1、2022届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、完形填空I was about to sleep when someone knocked on my window. Knock, knock. Then a three-second pause. Knock, knock. Immediately I knew it was my best friend, Ben. The knock _1_ was our emergency call which never means anything good.“Whats going on?” I rushed to

2、 open the window and asked.Ben climbed in. “Bad news.” He gave me a _2_ look, and I immediately knew what it was. My heart _3_ . I gave him a nod, and he sighed in response.“Where to?” I asked.“Virginia.”“Thats far from Florida.”We looked at each other knowing we were thinking the same. Both Ben and

3、 I had parents in the airforce. We were used to frequent moves.Ben and I became close friends since I crashed into Bens stand and sent plastic cups of lemonade flying into the heavens. At first, I _4_ Florida. Everything changed, though, when I _5_ rollers-kated into Bens lemonade stand.“It must hav

4、e been fate!” we claimed. But I think that, maybe, there was some _6_ in that lemonade, and that as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever.“Maybe your family will get moved to Virginia too.” Ben said.“Yeah, maybe.” I knew the chance was low, but I chose to hope.Ben grinned a

5、t me. Though it looked sad, I saw _7_ in him too.“Ill have a lemonade stand _8_ for you.”“Then Ill pack my roller-skates.”“Then Ill wear a poncho (雨披).”We _9_ . The humid Florida night closed around us, and I felt a tiny drop of liquid splash on my arm. I knew it was probably rain, but still, I thou

6、ght that, maybe, it was a drop of magic lemonade, because nothing on earth can break the _10_ between us.1AsoundBpatternCnumberDsymbol2AplayfulBgratefulCcheerfulDmeaningful3AfailedBsoftenedCsankDrelieved4AhatedBmissedCexploredDappreciated5AgraduallyBnarrowlyCconstantlyDaccidentally6AsignBmagicCflavo

7、urDwish7AhopeBjoyCcourageDsupport8AnecessaryBconvenientCreadyDuseful9AstruggledBarguedClaughedDcompromised10AruleBbondCbarrierDbalance二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Xu Mengtao, the flag-bearer for the Chinese delegation at the closing ceremony of 2022 Wi

8、nter Olympics, has got multiple world championships. But her road _11_ glory was not smooth, since it was accompanied by many injuries. It was her passion for sports, her persistence and determination that helped her continue and she finally _12_ (win) the gold medal at her fourth Olympics. Her succ

9、ess goes beyond sports as it motivates both athletes and ordinary people in _13_ (they) pursuit of dreams.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Based on AR and VR, the metaverse aims to bring people closer together in an online setting, enabling them to be connected in ways

10、they couldnt be before. Imagine _14_ (attend) a meeting from the comfort of your couch, where you dont dress up, but your avatar does. Youre seated at a virtual table with other people _15_ reactions and body language can be judged just as well as they would be in real life. A metaverse could very l

11、ikely bring these _16_ (imagine) to reality, and soon.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Everyone has a sense of humor, but its pretty evident that not everybody has a good sense of it. Psychologists are divided on _17_ humor is inborn or learnable. However, there is one

12、thing that _18_ (accept) universally so far the sense of humor is uniquely human. It is associated with laughter and laughter is associated with happiness and courage. These are qualities _19_ (share) with other forms of life. But if happiness is one of the goals _20_ (chase) in life, then it is the

13、 sense of humor that provides the key.三、阅读理解Old and unrestored theatres are all around us and yet so unnoticed. A new photobook unveils their often overlooked beauty.Proctors Theatre, Newark, New JerseyAlthough available outdoors from street sellers, food was banned in theatres to display respectabi

14、lity. In the late 1920s, however, the operators in Proctors Theatre in Newark began to set up stands to improve the economic situation during the Great Depression. Popcorn and Coke would become a significant part of the theatres income.Proctors Theatre, Troy, New YorkOriginally opened as Proctors Fo

15、urth Street Theatre in 1914, it hosted famous comedians such as Jack Benny and Bob Hope. From 1929, it was successively taken over, renamed as Proctors Troy Theatre and switched to screening films. In the 1960s, it began playing second-run films before closing in 1977. It was listed on the National

16、Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1979. In 2010, the theatre was repaired but is currently not being used today.RKO Keiths Flushing Theatre, New YorkOriginally opened in 1928, RKO Keiths Flushing Theatre was designed by Thomas Lamb. In 1982, it was listed on the NRHP. In 1986, the theatre was bo

17、ught and closed by its new owner who planned to build a shopping centre on the site, intentionally damaging the hall. In 2019, despite the preservation efforts, the hall was knocked down to make way for a residential tower block.Metropolitan Opera House, PhiladelphiaThe theatre was originally opened

18、 as the Philadelphia Opera House in 1908. In the 1920s, it was renamed as the Metropolitan Opera House, showing silent films in addition to hosting various opera companies. In the 1940s, it became a sports arena. In 1954, it was turned into a church. In the late 1990s, the building was purchased by

19、Mark Hatcher. The church and the developer came to an agreement on a repair for a music venue that was completed and reopened in 2018.21In the late 1920s, Proctors Theatre in Newark set up stands to _.Ashow respect for the guestsBincrease the theatres incomeCpromote newly released moviesDcompete wit

20、h the street sellers22What can we know from the passage?ARKO Keiths Flushing Theatre is well preserved.BProctors Theatre in Troy plays second-run films now.CMetropolitan Opera House has witnessed changes in its function.DProctors Theatre in Newark has been officially listed on the NRHP.23What is the

21、 purpose of this passage?ATo rank the old and unrestored theatres.BTo show the development of American theatres.CTo encourage people to protect the old theatres.DTo provide information on overlooked old theatres.To the untrained eye, a pingpong ball is just a pingpong ball. To a Beverly Cleary fan,

22、its two motorcycle helmets for mice.Ever since I read Clearys series about Ralph, the motorcycleriding mouse, Ive never looked at a pingpong ballor the worldthe same way. Amazing to think that its been more than forty years since I checked out The Mouse and the Motorcycle from my school library in N

23、orthport, and yet that one particular image is as clear to me as ever.And why shouldnt it be? Its perfect.How I wanted a mouse of my own to ride a toy motorcycle around my house! Thanks to Clearys genius, a talking mouse friend seemed not only possible but probable.While much of childrens literature

24、 attempted to explain the world from the point of view of a wise and gentle adult, Cleary created characters who saw the world as only children can. With great interest, I read every book that bore Beverly Clearys name. She seemed like a friend who understood me in ways I didnt yet understand myself

25、.Ive written eight childrens books and have always kept Beverlys sense of wonder in mind. I dont remember at exactly what age I decided I wanted to write books, but I know that by second or third grade, my teacher assigned a project that allowed us to focus on whatever we wanted. My best friend pick

26、ed dolphins; I chose childrens authors, with a large chunk of my project being about who else? Beverly Cleary!I told that story recently to a school group. One of the students said, “Thats fantastic! Youre your project on childrens authors and then you became one!”“Yes,” I said. “And my best friend

27、who did her project on dolphinsbecame a dolphin!”“Really?” the students said in chorus.And that perfectly sums up why I love writing for children: the belief that fantastic, magical things can happen. Best friends can become dolphins; mice can ride toy motorcycles and become our friends.Thats what B

28、everly Cleary taught me. In the hands of a gifted storyteller, anything is possible. and so very funny.24The Mouse and the Motorcycle impressed the author mainly because .Ait recorded animals lifeBit revealed the wisdom of lifeCit encouraged children to raise petsDit described the world from childre

29、ns eyes25When learning the authors friend became a dolphin, the students felt_.AamazedBdoubtfulCscaredDconfused26What is the passage mainly about?AWhat the author created to attract children.BWhat the author did to turn impossible into possible.CHow Beverly Cleary aroused childrens interest in readi

30、ng.DHow the author was inspired to be a writer by Beverly Cleary.When a chunk of ice fell from a collapsing glacier(冰川)on the Swiss Alps Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the long deep sound it produced was too low for human ears to detect. But these vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche

31、s(崩塌)critical characteristics.Low-frequency sound waves called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are already used to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some researchers in this field have switched focus from fire to ice: dangerous blocks snapping off glaciers. Previo

32、us work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. “This was different,” Johnson says. “A signature of a new material has been detected with infrasound.”Usually glaciers move far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal, w

33、hich researchers pick up using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collapsea sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glaciers main bodyis a prolific infrasound producer. Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches, which pose an increasing threat to people in mountainous regions as

34、rising temperatures weaken large fields of ice. A glacier “can become detached from the ground due to melting, causing bigger break offs,” says University of Florence geologist Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such

35、collapses.Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect breakoff events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches ac

36、ross a mountain. It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. “The model used by Marchetti is a first approximation for this

37、,” she says. Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanches speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound.Marchetti and his colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals across at-risk regions in Europe, and they have set up collabor

38、ations around the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce. They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice cascades physical details.27What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?AInfrasound has a major role to play in discovering new

39、materials.BIce avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.CResearchers are trying to use infrasound in detecting ice avalanches.DScientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places.28Which is an advantage of infrasound over radar? AThe combination with othe

40、r relevant signals.BThe accuracy in locating a certain avalanche.CThe ability in picking up signals in wider areas.DThe sensitivity in tracking air pressure changes.29The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to_.Adistinguishing different components of a signalBdetecting multiple avalanches a

41、t the same timeCcalculating the speed and path of ice avalanchesDmonitoring the specific location of ice breakoffs30Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AFrom Fire to IceBGlacier WhispersCNature is WarningDSecret of Ice AvalanchesIn over 25 years, DeSimone has spun his rese

42、arch findings into commercial gold by launching several businesses. As a faculty member at the University of North Caiolina, he provided scientific advice and held equity in the businesses. But he has never actually managed his companies. His employers bar him from simultaneously holding an academic

43、 post and an executive position. The dual roles can present huge conflicts.Conflicts of interest (COIs)occur when an individuals personal interestsfamily, friendships, financial, or social factorscould compromise his or her judgment, decisions, or actions in the workplace, and it makes sound career

44、sense to think about how to manage them. Researchers should disclose potential or existing conflicts across all aspects of academic life.In most places, COI management runs on an honor system. Researchers decide which financial holdings and relationships to disclose to university administrators. Jou

45、rnals and funders adopt a similar system when they ask authors and peer reviewers about potential conflicts related to manuscript or grant approvals.Most research institutions offer training to help faculty members to understand what constitutes a potential or existing conflict. Administrators then

46、decide whether the interest presents a conflict, and whether that conflict can be handled. If so, they create a management plan to address it. If not, researchers must abandon the work, partner with researchers at other institutions, or leave their university.Perception plays a part in defining a po

47、tential conflict, warns Walt, a chemist at Tufts University. Investigators who develop a technology in the laboratory and then transfer it to their company could create a conflict of interest in the eyes of their students, Walt says. But the potential conflict can be avoided by drafting a licensing agreement that bars discoveries from automatically being transferred to the investigators company. Walt created such an arrangement to assure his students that they werent actually working for his private companies.Relationships can pose conflicts when confe