北京市石景山区2021-2022学年高三下学期一模英语试题.docx

1、北京市石景山区2021-2022学年高三下学期一模英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、完形填空Up until I was eight years old. I was an only child in my family and life was sweet. Then along came Grant, my little brother, and everything changed.As Grant got older, he_1_ the habit of attaching himself to me and I found him totally_2_. By the t

2、ime I became a teenager, he was my_3_ , following me around, copying my every move, and generally being a pest.However,_4_ my annoyance, I began to enjoy him as time went by. He was a funny little guy, and I found his hero-worship pleasant. As we got older, we established boundaries and alliances (联

3、盟), becoming more_5_ of each other. Grant _6_ asking to go along on dates with me, and I no longer made fun of him in front of his peers. He cheered me on at my soccer games, and I_7_ to coach his baseball team.I wondered if the transition happened because he became less annoying and more of a buddy

4、 or because I became more_8_ , more able to share, more receptive to the unconditional love he offered. Looking back, I have come to the conclusion that maybe it was a/an_9_ of both.Today, Grant and I are a team. I know that we will always be close, if not in age or distance, then in the_10_ shared

5、by brothers.1AdevelopedBchangedCmaintainedDbroke2AreliableBannoyingCuniqueDdisappointing3AangelBguideCshadowDenemy4AbesidesBdespiteCbeyondDfor5AconsiderateBcriticalCenviousDrespectful6AmissedBsuggestedCstoppedDenjoyed7AhesitatedBhappenedCpretendedDvolunteered8AcreativeBambitiousCindependentDpatient9

6、AinnovationBcombinationClimitationDexpectation10AhopeBcourageCloveDpride二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用 括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 “Its so cute!” “I want one!” Since such posts spread on social media, the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics mascot Bing Dwen Dwen _11_ (become) a star acro

7、ss the globe. The lovable panda wears a full-body “shell” _12_ (make) out of ice, which looks like an astronaut suit. With the popularity of the Olympic mascot, it has served _13_ an ambassador for winter sports, bringing joy to those _14_ participated in and watched the Olympic Winter Games.阅读下面短文，

8、根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用 括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Usually, joy and happiness _15_ (understand) to be the same thing. In fact, theyre very different. Joy is an emotion that occurs within us when we develop an appreciation or thankfulness for the contents of life, such as nature, _16_ (free), re

9、lationships with people, or through having faith in something _17_ (large) than ourselves. Happiness is an emotion that is aroused in us when we buy a new car or get a promotion at work. It depends on our circumstances satisfying our desires.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用 括号内所给词的正确

10、形式填空。The economic achievements of the Tang Dynasty promoted the development of Chinese medicine. The Tang government _18_ (take) the lead in completing the editing work of the worlds first herbal medicine book, Tang Bencao. The book _19_ (contain) 850 kinds of drugs and a drug map, further _20_ (imp

11、rove) the scale of Chinese medicine.三、阅读理解Paragliding is a kind of flying, but instead of the wing being made of metal, wood or plastic, it is made of nylon or polyester. The wing is attached to a harness by lines where a pilot sits, similar to a parachute.Is it safe?Paragliding, is as safe as saili

12、ng and deep-sea diving. The big advantage is that its probably the slowest form of aviation, so if you do crash, youll hit the ground quite gently! Its a very relaxing sport as youre mostly sitting down. Yet, youll probably experience pain in some muscles you didnt know you had while learning, but m

13、any of those will be due to the walk up the training hill to launch.Where do I learn?There are lots of schools, mainly based inland by appropriate hills or mountains, and there are also schools on the coast near spectacular cliffs. These are very attractive, though the prospect of landing in the sea

14、 seems to discourage beginners! It takes seven days to get your basic license; then youre free to fly independently at sites across the country.What do I need?Pilots normally wear warm clothes in case they get very high up, and a helmet in case they stumble on landing. In terms of gear, schools supp

15、ly basic training, canopies, harnesses, etc. However, youll probably want to buy your own more sophisticated equipment, which youll be able to choose much better once youve tried some out on your course.Who can do it?Theres no upper age limit provided your instructor judges you capable, but the youn

16、gest is 14. Anybody with good eyesight and good balance is a potential paraglider pilot.Flying a paraglider is a great sport. We hope to see you in the air with us this season!21Which would be the best heading for Paragraph 1?AWhat is paragliding?BWho invented paragliding?CHow is paragliding special

17、?DWhy is paragliding popular?22According to the passage, paragliding is_ .Aexciting but tiringBsafe and relaxingCattractive but expensiveDfast and challenging23What can we know from the passage?AFit people of any age can take up paragliding.BMost paragliding schools are situated by the sea.CPilots n

18、eed to buy basic equipment on their training course.DLearners can fly on their own after at least a weeks training.I remember driving to Palm Springs from San Diego two Thanksgivings ago. None of us pictured an icy blizzard (暴风雪)on our California vacation, but one hour into the drive, the first snow

19、flake fell. My eyes lit up. Id missed snow. Seeing it land on a prickly cactus made my tears well up. How I longed for cold Minnesota, my hometown.As the altitude rose, the storm got fierce. It wasnt long before we had no choice but to pull over. As our car slid to a stop, I looked into the distance

20、. A line of cars as long as the Mississippi River were lined up.Just then, a car came from behind, suddenly changing the direction to avoid hitting our car. The driver, an old man, slammed on the brakes and his car drifted across the path. It didnt take us too long to realize his car was awfully nea

21、r the edge of the mountain and slowly creeping more and more towards the side of the cliff.Suddenly, 10 people who were sitting in their cars leapt out. From the car window, I watched an inspiring scene. Four people took the chains that protected their tires off their cars and put them on the old ma

22、ns tires. One person shoveled the snow out from his tires and tried to break the ice with his boot. Just as the old mans car and all his belongings were about to be lost off the edge of the cliff, people stepped up and let their kind hearts override the snowstorm.Though it was minus 30 degrees centi

23、grade, my heart was as warm as ever. This act of kindness just reminded me how thankful I am for people and moments like these.24Why did the author cry when he saw the snow?AHe felt a little homesick.BHe disliked the bad weather.CHe was surprised to see the snow.DHe was anxious about the traffic del

24、ay.25What happened to the old mans car?AIts braking system failed.BIt was about to drop from the cliff.CIt ran into the authors car.DIt lost control due to the sudden speeding.26Which of the following can best describe the people involved?AReliable and modest.BKind and easy-going.CBrave and cooperat

25、ive.DEnthusiastic and ambitious.Psychologists tell us our self-image defines what we believe we can and cannot do. Each of us over the years has built up belief about ourselves: Unconsciously, our pictures of who we are have been formed by past experiences. Our successes and failures, what others ha

26、ve told us and what we think people believe about us all help form impressions of what we think we are. Because self-image is so important in our growth, it is important to examine our concepts of self in order to reach our full potential.Changing our self-image is possible: Some psychologists sugge

27、st we begin to change our self-image by mentally picturing ourselves performing well at some task. Since we presently react to things based on our present images, its suggested that we replace those with better ones. In many experiments, people were asked to sit quietly for a few minutes each day an

28、d imagine themselves doing well. For instance, subjects would sit and imagine themselves throwing darts at a bulls-eye on a target. Over a period of weeks, their dart game improved. This has been done with people who wanted to play chess better, throw a ball more accurately increase their salesmansh

29、ip or musical talents, and improve many other skills. In most cases, remarkable improvement is made.The point of changing self-image is not to develop an image of ourselves that is not real. To try to become something we really arent is just as wrong as living the unrealistic, inferior image we may

30、have. The aim is to find the real self, to bring our mental images of ourselves in line with our true potential. However, it is generally accepted among psychologists that most of us fail to do justice to ourselves. Were usually better than we think we are.Another important part of changing self-ima

31、ge is to not think about past mistakes.Dont let failures do harm. Our errors or humiliation over mistakes are necessary steps in learning. It is all right to make mistakes. But when they have taught us what we did wrong, we should forget them and not dwell on them. Sometimes we keep remembering our

32、failures or mistakes and feel guilty or embarrassed about them. We let them take over, and then we develop a fear.It is important to have realistic expectations of ourselves. Some of our dissatisfaction might come from expecting too much of ourselves. If we demand constant perfection in everything w

33、e do, we can be disappointed and our poor self- image will continue. If our goal is to reach perfection, we are doomed from the start.27Which situation agrees with the idea of the passage?ATo outshine his colleagues, Joe sets an idealistic goal.BTo get along with her classmates, Doris always humbles

34、 herself.CTo become a star player, Alex repeatedly plays back his faults in his mind.DTo win a speech contest, Tina visualizes herself speaking more confidently.28What is the purpose of Paragraph 3?ATo confirm the effect of changing self-image.BTo clarify the principle of changing self-image.CTo pro

35、pose a new view on changing self-image.DTo stress the importance of changing self-image.29According to the author, how should we regard our past mistakes?AThey are part of our growth.BThey are warnings for future.CThey are tools for overcoming fear.DThey are barriers to our development.30Which of th

36、e following would be the best title of the passage?AWe Are WhatWe DoBBe the Best We Can BeCWe Are WhatWe Think We AreDWhat We Are Decides What We ThinkWhen it comes to lowering our carbon emissions (排放), it seems that nothing is simple. Electric vehicles (EVs) act as an example of potential greenwas

37、h. “They seem very attractive at first sight,” writes The Next Web in a report. “When we look more closely, it becomes clear that they have a substantial carbon footprint.”The rare earth metals and costly minerals included as essential ingredients in EV batteries are not renewable. Whats more, their

38、 extraction (提炼) is often anything but green.So the question is: is it worth it? Just how much emission reduction can EVs justify? Luckily, a life cycle assessment has been done to give us some answers.“A life cycle analysis of emissions considers three phases,” writes The Next Web. “the manufacturi

39、ng phase, the use phase, and the recycling phase.” In the manufacturing phase, the battery is to blame. “Emissions from manufacturing EV batteries were estimated to be 3.2 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), 1/4 of those from an electric car, 13 tons of CO2. Those were bigger than emissions from gas cars,

40、 10.5 tons of CO2.” If the vehicle life is assumed to be 150,000 kilometers, emissions from the manufacturing phase of an electric car are higher than gas cars.”In the use phase, the source of electricity the consumer is using to power their car comes into play in a major way. “To understand how the

41、 emissions of electric car vary with a countrys renewable electricity share, consider Australia and New Zealand,” continues the report. “In 2018, Australias share of renewables in electricity was about 21%. In contrast, the number in New Zealands was about 84%. Electric car emissions in Australia an

42、d New Zealand are estimated at about 170g and 25g of CO2 per km respectively. As a consumer, our car is only as green as our countrys energy mix.”Finally, in the recycling phase, we look at vehicle dismantling(拆除), vehicle recycling, battery recycling, and material recovery. “The estimated emissions

43、 in this phase, based on a study, are about 1.8 tons for a gas car and 2.4 tons for an electric car. This difference is mostly due to the emissions from battery recycling, which is 0.7 tons,” shows in the report. “While electric cars cause more greenhouse gas emissions than gas cars do, its importan

44、t to note the recycled batteries can be used in subsequent batteries. This could have significant emissions reduction benefits in the future. For complete life cycle emissions, the study shows that EV emissions are 18% lower than gas cars.”So heres the takeaway: EVs are greener. Maybe theyre not as

45、green as we thought. Theres certainly room for improvement. But the real challenge lies in speeding the global energy transition toward greener energy-production.31Why is a life cycle analysis of emissions made?ATo illustrate the advantages of EVs.BTo show how gas cars outperform EVs.CTo weigh the e

46、nvironmental impact of EVs.DTo examine the energy sources of gas cars and EVs.32How does the author support the underlined statement in Paragraph 5?ABy giving instructions.BBy highlighting features.CBy making comparisons.DBy analyzing cause and effect.33According to the passage, what contributes to

47、EVs beating gas cars?ARecycling of batteries.BOverall driving distance.CManufacturing technology.DGovernments energy policy.34Which of the following statements does the author support?AEVs are worthy of the praise they have received.BEVs are not successful for their environmental downsides.CEVs will no longer be widely accepted for their emissions.DEVs are not truly green until their energy sources become green.四、七选五Move to the MusicMusic helps us exercise, but why does it have this effect? _35_ The first is simple: Music distracts us. When we listen to a s