第四节数词 2021年广东中考英语复习ppt课件.pptx

1、基基本本点点1.基数词112是独立的单词。one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve2.1319基本上是在基数词后面加-teen构成，但13，15，18有点特殊。thirteenthirteen,fourteen,fifteenfifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,eighteen,nineteen考考点点精精讲讲续表续表基基本本点点3.2090的整十位数是在基数词后面加-ty构成，但20，30，40，50，80有点特殊。twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,twen

2、ty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,eighty,ninety4.“几十几”是由十位数加连字符“-”再加个位数合成。twenty-one,forty-two5.三位数或三位数以上的基数词：百位与十位之间一般要用连词“and”（如果十位是“0”，则百位与个位间用and)；最后的两个完整的数字之间要用and。156：one hundred and fifty-six709：seven hundred and nine(十位为0)3,765：three thousand，seven hundred and sixty-five续表续表基基本本点点3,

3、456,007,068：three billion，four hundred and fifty-six million，seven thousand and sixty-eight6.英语中的大数词有：hundred(百)，thousand(千)，million(百万)，billion(十亿)。one hundred 一百one thousand 一千ten thousand 一万one million 一百万 one hundred million 一亿one billion十亿续表续表基基本本点点7.四位数以上的数字读法：从个位数往前数，每三位数加“，”，第一个逗点读“thousand”

4、，第二个逗点读“million”，第三个逗点读“billion”。1,000 千1，000，000 百万1，000，000，000 十亿5,237,166,234：five billion，two hundred and thirty-seven million，one hundred and sixty-six thousand，two hundred and thirty-four续表续表提提升升点点8.hundred,thousand,million,billion的考查点：(1)复数形式与“of”连用，前面不能有具体的数词，但它们可以被概数many,several,a few等修饰(即

5、：s of+可数名词复数；many/several/a few +s of+可数名词复数)；(2)单数形式则后面不接“of”，前面有具体的数词（即:数字+（原形）+可数名词复数)。hundreds of 数以百计的thousands of 成千上万的millions of 数以百万计的 many hundreds of ants数百只蚂蚁two hundred两百three thousand三千four million四百万()1.How many hours do you sleep every night?About _ hours.From 9：00 p.m.to 6：00 a.m.A.

6、nine B.nineteen C.ninth D.ninety()2.Yesterday,_ people came to the town to watch the car race.A.hundreds B.hundred C.hundreds of D.hundred of考考点点演演练练A AC C()3.Basketball is so exciting that _ people play it for fun.A.million B.two millions C.million of D.millions of ()4.Its reported that over eight

7、_ people lost their lives in the earthquake.A.thousand B.thousands C.thousand of D.thousands ofD DA A()5.There are _ people in my family.They are my sister,my brother,my parents and me.A.fourB.fiveC.sixD.sevenB B1.基数词变序数词的规则：（1）1、2、3：完全变；（2）4、6、7、10、11、1319、整百：直接加-th;（3）5、8、9、12：先变化再加-th(以ve结尾的变ve为f

8、再加-th；以e结尾的要先去掉e再加-th；以t结尾的直接加-h);（1）onefirstfirst,twosecondsecond,threethirdthird(2)fourfourth,sixsixth,sevenseventh,tententh,eleveneleventh，thirteenthirteenthone hundredone hundredth考考点点精精讲讲续表续表（4）整十：去y再加-ieth;（5）几十几：变个位为序数词；（6）长数字：变最后的完整数字。(3)fivefifthfifth,eighteightheighth，ninenineninthninth,tw

9、elvetwelfthtwelfth(4)twentytwentieth,thirtythirtieth，fortyfortieth,fiftyfiftieth,sixtysixtieth,seventyseventieth,eightyeightieth,ninetyninetieth（5）twenty-onetwenty-first,thirty-seventhirty-seventh（6）three thousand and onethree thousand and first续表续表2.序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。1st，2nd，3rd，4th，28t

10、h，30th3.序数词前若无物主代词或名词所有格修饰，则要在序数词前加定冠词the；若表示“又一；再一”，则加不定冠词a或an。即：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二长河。My first teacher is Mr.Li.我的第一位老师是李先生。续表续表（1）the+序数词+名词（第几个）；(2)ones+序数词+名词（某人的第几个）;(3)a/an+序数词+名词(又/再一)。Ill have to do it a second time.我不得不再做一次。续表续表4.当序数词作状语时不加the。I t

11、ook out my book first.首先我拿出了我的书。5.序数词与名词构成的复合形容词前不加the。a second-hand house 一间二手房6.一些固定短语中的序数词前不加 the。at first 首先；起初 first of all 第一；首先from first to last 自始至终 at first sight 乍一看；第一眼续表续表巧巧学妙妙记基变序，有规律，末尾加上-th；1、2、3单独记；8去t，9去e，ve要用f替；以y结尾变ie，后跟-th莫忘记；若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。()1.Wang Yaping became Chinas _ woman

12、 astronaut into space after Liu Yang.A.two B.second C.the second D.twelfth()2.Have you ever come to Xichang before?Yes.This is my _ visit to Xichang.I have come here twice before.A.two B.second C.three D.third考考点点演演练练B BD D()3.Its _ time for me to visit the Guanyin Lake.A.fifth B.the fifth C.five D.

13、the five()4.This Friday is my _ birthday.Welcome to my party!A.the thirteenthB.the thirteenC.thirteenD.thirteenthB BD D()5.How many American students came to visit your school yesterday?Nine.Five of them are from New York,and the other _ are from Boston.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.fiveC C考考点点精精讲讲1.表示编号：名词单数

14、形式+基数词(首字母大小写均可，但要统一)the+序数词+名词单数形式(首字母均小写)五号房：Room Fivethe fifth room 十三路车：Bus No.13the No.13 bus第一单元：Unit Onethe first unit续表续表2.表示时刻：(1)直接表示法：点钟：分钟；(2)添加介词表示法：分钟小于或等于30用past，分钟大于30用to。即：分钟30：分钟past点钟，意为“几点过几分”；(1)8：00eight(oclock)5：20five twenty(2)10：30half/thirty past ten12：05five past twelve 9：

15、50ten to ten(3)8：45a quarter/fifteen to nine续表续表分钟30：（60-分钟）to（点钟+1），意为“几点差几分”。(3)半小时用half；一刻钟用quarter。续表续表3.表示日期：(1)年、月连用时：月前年后，中间可不用逗号；(2)月、日连用时，表达方式有三种；(3)年、月、日连用时，表达方式有三种。注注意“日”用序数词，因为“日”是“月”中的第几天，在具体某一天用on。(1)2011年7月可写成：July 2011(2)9月10日可写成：September 10th=September the tenth=the tenth of Septem

16、ber(3)2009年3月9日可写成：on March 9th,2009(常用)=on March the ninth,2009=on the ninth of March in 2009续表续表4.表示年、世纪、年代(表示年代用“in+the+基数词的复数形式”)。注注意“in+物主代词+基数词的复数形式”表示人的年龄，意为“在某人多岁的时候”。(非整十时用：at the age of+基数词)(在)2012年：(in)twenty twelve/two thousand and twelve(在)18世纪：(in)the 18th century(在)90年代：(in)the nineti

17、es(在)20世纪20年代：(in)the 1920s/1920s在他30多岁的时候：in his thirties在他31岁的时候：at the age of thirty-one续表续表5.表示分数、小数、百分数：(1)分数：分子用基数词，分母用序数词;当分子大于1时，分母要加-s；(2)小数、百分数：小数点读成point,百分号“%”读成percent；(1):one fourth/a quarter :three fourths/three quarters :seven ninths/seven-ninths(2)5.6读成：five point six30%读成：thirty pe

18、rcent续表续表(3)与名词连用时，常用的表达方式为：分数/百分数/小数+of+名词。注注意 谓语动词的单复数要与它们所修饰的名词的数保持一致。(3)5/6的作业：five sixths of the homework50%的工人：50 percent of the workers1.5个苹果：1.5 of apples续表续表6.表示长、宽、高、面积等(基数词+量词+形容词=基数词+量词+in+名词)。two meters long=two meters in length 2米长three feet high=three feet in height 3尺高 four inches wi

19、de=four inches in width 4英寸宽two kilograms in weight 2千克重续表续表7.表示时间、距离(时间+-s/-+表出行方式的名词)。five minutes walk 5分钟的步14距离an hours ride 1个小时的骑程two hours flight 2个小时的飞机航程续表续表8.表示加、减、乘、除等运算。Eight minus one is seven.八减一等于七。Three times two is six.三乘二等于六。9.构成形容词性短语(基数词连字符“-”可数名词单数)，作定语。注注意 不能作表语。Its a five-minu

20、te walk from the library to the playground.从图书馆到操场需要走五分钟。a sixteen-year-old girl一个16岁的女孩an eleven-meter-high wall 一座11米高的墙an eighty-minute film 一部80分钟的电影续表续表10.表示倍数；（1）固定单词（一、二）：once,twice;（2）基数词和times连用（从“三”开始）：three times,four times;（3）倍数词+比较级+than；倍数词+as+原级+as。two times bigger than 比大两倍twice as b

21、ig as 是的两倍大续表续表 11.表示“又一；再一”(a/an序数词，意义上相当于another)。The man had two houses，and he bought a third one.这个男人有两套房子了，而他又买了一套(房子)。12.表示数量在原有基础上增加(基数词more可数名词复数another基数词可数名词复数)。two more hoursanother two hours 再多两个小时续表续表13.几个含数词的短语。first name 名；名字ones and twos/twos and threes三三两两 one or two 一两个 one or two

22、days=one day or two一两天sixs and sevens 乱七八糟知知识补补充 1.表示时间、距离、金钱的数字或名词短语作主语表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Four years is not long.One hundred dollars is not a lot of money.Ten kilometers is not far,either.四年不长。一百美元不是很多钱。十千米也不是很远。2.half的用法：数字+a half+可数名词复数=数字+可数名词单数或复数+a half。如：half an hour 半小时one and a half hour

23、s=one/an hour and a half 一个半小时three and a half hours=three hours and a half 三个半小时two apples and a half=two and a half apples 两个半苹果注注意 half是可数名词，复数为halves。3.年的读法：1996：nineteen ninety-six1806：eighteen and six2008：twenty zero eight或two thousand and eight二、复合不定代词二、复合不定代词1.初中阶段常见的复合不定代词somesomeone有人；某人so

24、mething某事；某物somebody有人；某人anyanyone任何人anything任何事anybody任何人everyeveryone每个人everything每件事everybody每个人nono one没有人nothing没事；没什么nobody没有人2.复合不定代词的用法基基本本点点(1)由some构成的不定代词一般用于肯定句中；由any构成的不定代词一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句的各种句型中。I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事要告诉你。I cant see anything.我什么都看不见。Do you have

25、 anything to say？你有什么要说的吗？If anyone helps you,you will succeed easily.如果有人帮你，你将容易成功。续表续表基基本本点点(2)复合不定代词与形容词连用时，形容词应放在它们的后面（即：复合不定代词+形容词）。There is nothing wrong with the radio.这台收音机没有毛病。(3)复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Nobody knows the answer.没有人知道答案。Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲门。()1.Do you know tha

26、t _ of the earth is covered with water?Thats 75%.A.two thirdsB.three fourthsC.two thirdD.three fourth()2._ of the students _ willing to help others with their pocket money.What about the other two fifths?A.30%；isB.40%；isC.50%；areD.60%；are考考点点演演练练B BD D()3._ of the Grade _ students entered for the sp

27、orts meeting.A.Two-fifths；FiveB.Two-fifth；FiveC.Second-five；FifthD.Two-fifths；Fifth()4.How long is the sofa in the middle of your room?_.A.3 metersB.6 yardsC.5 kilosD.4 inchesA AA A()5.The river is only_,so we can swim across it.A.6 meters longB.6 meters wideC.6-meter longD.6-meter wide()6.Sorry.I c

28、ant finish the work right now.I need _hours.A.more twoB.two moreC.two anotherD.another secondB BB B数词主要在语法选择中考查。具体如下：语法选择：考查基数词和序数词的用法。针对此类试题，考生要弄懂基数词和序数词之间的区别。主要体现在编号的表示法；时间的表示法；分数、百分数、小数的表示法；thousand等词加-s与不加-s的表示法；倍数的表示法等。并结合前后语境来选择正确选项。一般情况下，4个选择中有基数词，也有序数词。数词在今年的语法选择中还没有考查到，但它在往年的单项填空时有考查。如：We a

29、re proud of our country.The year 2019 is her _32_ birthday.（2019 广东）A.seventyB.the seventyC.the seventiethD.seventieth解析：解析：根据上下文，可知此处表示“第70个生日”，应用序数词，且其前面有her,不用加the，所以答案选D。语法选择（专练）语法选择（专练）China,which was founded in _,is becoming more and more powerful.Big changes have taken place in science and te

30、chnology in recent years._ have helped China catch up with other developed countries or even lead in some fields.China is between the worlds research leaders in chemistry,science and physics.Take hybrid rice(杂交水稻)as _ example first.Chinese scientist Yuan Longping developed the 1 12 23 3first hybrid

31、rice _,and it has been feeding the country since then.By the end of the year,farmers in more than 40 countries have planted more than 7 _ hectares(公顷)of the crop.What great contribution _ made to the whole world!He is one of the greatest _ who makes the world become better and better!Next,the Jiaolo

32、ng,_ manned(载人的)deep-sea research submersible(潜水器),went into service in 2010.It made China the 4 45 56 67 78 8_ country,after the United States,Russia,France and _,to develop deep-sea exploration technology.However,China needs to work hard in key technological fields such as microchip(微芯片)developmen

33、t than before.The government needs to offer more support in many areas to encourage greater development.9 91010()1.A.1949B.1949sC.1949sD.1949s()2.A.ThisB.TheseC.ThatD.Those()3.A.aB.anC.theD./()4.A.in the 1970B.in the 1970sC.in the 1970D.on the 1970s()5.A.millionB.millionsC.million ofD.millions ofA AB BB BB BA A()6.A.hisB.himC.heD.himself()7.A.manB.mansC.menD.mens()8.A.Chinas the first B.the Chinas firstC.China firstD.Chinas first()9.A.fiveB.fifthC.fifteenD.five times()10.A.JapaneseB.JapanC.JapansD.JapanesesC CC CD DB BB B