第九节动词的时态 2021年广东中考英语复习ppt课件.pptx

1、考考点点精精讲讲1.定义现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段一直或反复进行的动作。2.构成 be(am/is/are)（助动词）doing(动词的现在分词)续表续表3.用法(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作；Im studying now.我现在正在学习。(2)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作（说话时不一定在进行）；He is building his own house these days.他这些天正在建他自己的房子。(3)表示动作即将进行或发生（部分行为动词用进行时表将来）He is joining the army.他要参军了。续表续表4.时间状语

2、（1）表示现在的时间暗示语或现阶段的时间(now，at the moment，these days，at present，from two to five,all the time等)以及when，while引导的时间状语从句；The students are playing basketball on the playground at present.现在学生们正在操场上打篮球。（2）表示提醒的祈使句：look，listen，be quiet等。Be quiet,someone is sleeping.安静，有人在睡觉。续表续表5.句型结构否定句在be 后加not(即：be not)，疑问

3、句倒装只需将be提至主语前。Is your mother cooking now?你妈妈在做饭吗?Yes,she is./Not,she isnt.是的，她在做。/不，她没有。Whats your father doing now?你爸爸正在做什么？()1.Do you know where the twins are?Oh,they _ the basketball match on the playground.A.watch B.will watch C.are watching D.watched考考点点演演练练C C()2.Shall we go to see a movie now

4、,John?Oh,no.I _ the car for my father.A.am cleaning B.cleans C.has cleaned D.was cleaning()3.I havent seen them for a long time.Because they _ ready for the coming test these days.A.are getting B.get C.got D.will getA AA A()4.May I speak to Mrs.Black?Sorry,she cant come to the phone now.She _ a show

5、er.A.has B.had C.is having D.was having()5.Look!Tom and Tim _ happily in the pool.Would you like to join them?Yes.It looks so cool.A.swim B.will swim C.are swimming D.swamC CC C考考点点精精讲讲1.定义一般现在时表示现在经常或反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。2.构成用行为动词原形或第三人称单数形式，be动词用is/am/are。续表续表3.用法(1)表示习惯性或经常发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用；I l

6、eave home for school at 7：00 every morning.我每天早晨七点离开家前往学校。(2)表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征;Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安的英语写得很好但讲得不好。(3)表示现在的状态;Shes twenty-two.她22岁。(4)表示客观事实、自然规律和普遍真理;Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证实地球是圆的。续表续表(5)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作;When Bill comes，ask

7、him to wait for me.当比尔来了的时候，叫他等等我。(6)引用书籍、通知或最近接到的信件的内容。The notice says，“No parking!”通知上说：“不许停放车辆!”4.时间状语never，hardly，seldom，sometimes，often，usually，always，every day/year/month，once/twice/three times a day等。He never plays football.他从不踢足球。续表续表5.句型结构(1)行为动词的否定句或疑问句的构成要借助助动词dont/doesnt和do/does，其后一律接动词原

8、形；肯定句：She sings well.她唱得好。否定句：She doesnt sing well.她唱得不好。一般疑问句及其回答：Does she sing well？她唱得好吗？Yes，she does./No，she doesnt.是的，她唱得好。/不，她唱得不好。续表续表(2)含有be动词(is，am，are)和情态动词的否定句或疑问句，只需在其后加not或将它们提至主语前。肯定句：Jacob is a sailor.雅各布是一名水手。否定句：Jacob isnt a sailor.雅各布不是一名水手。一般疑问句及其回答：Is Jacob a sailor？雅各布是一名水手吗？Yes

9、，he is./No，he isnt.是的，他是。/不，他不是。()1.Does she often clean the room?_.A.Yes,she does B.Yes,she is C.No,she isnt D.Yes,she did考考点点演演练练A A()2.Tell him about the news when he _,John.Yes,I will.A.comes B.will come C.would come D.came()3.He seldom _ exercise at school,so he is very fat.A.takes B.take C.too

10、k D.will take A AA A()4.Miss Li,Im going to play basketball.OK.But please dont leave before your parents _ back.A.came B.comes C.will come D.come()5.How does your cousin go to school every day?He _ by subway because its very convenient.A.went B.goes C.go D.will goD DB B考考点点精精讲讲1.定义一般过去时表示在过去某一时间发生的动

11、作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2.构成动词的过去式的构成：（1）规则变化（原形加-ed）；（2）不规则变化。续表续表3.用法(1)表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态；Tom didnt come to class yesterday.汤姆昨天没来上课。(2)表示过去习惯性或经常发生的动作。I went to the cinema once a week when I was at school.我上学时每周去看一场电影。续表续表4.时间状语表示过去的时间yesterday,the other day,last week,just now,in+过去时间，一段时间+ag

12、o等。She went to Beijing two weeks ago.她两周前去了北京。5.句型结构与一般现在时一样，若为行为动词，其否定句或疑问句形式要借助助动词did和didnt，后接动词原形；若为be动词或情态动词，则只需在它们后面加not或将其提至主语前。Did you have an English text just now?你刚刚有一场英语测验吗？Yes,I did./No,I didnt.是的，我有。/不，我没有。()1.He went into the cinema secretly.Nobody _ him enter just now.A.seesB.will see

13、C.has seenD.saw考考点点演演练练D D()2.Ive just returned from my trip to London.I _ many interesting places there.A.visit B.will visit C.am visiting D.visited()3.Mr.Liao _ to live in this city 10 years ago.Nearly everybody knows him well.A.startsB.startedC.was startingD.will startD DB B()4.When _ you _ your

14、old friend,Tom?The day before yesterday.A.will;visitB.do;visitC.have;visitedD.did;visit()5.Miss Wang _ us English in No.1 Middle School from 2018 to 2020.A.taughtB.teachC.teachesD.is teachingD DA A考考点点精精讲讲1.定义一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。2.构成(1)be going todo/be；(2)will(用于任何人称)/shall(用于第一人称)do/be

15、；(3)bedoing续表续表3.用法表示即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。We will have a meeting tomorrow.我们明天要开会。4.时间状语tomorrow,soon，next year/week/month,from now on,in the future,in a few days等。I will study hard from now on.从现在开始我会努力学习。续表续表5.句型结构否定句借助be not，will not(wont)；疑问句只需将be/will提至主语前。Will you go to the zoo tomorrow?你明天将要去动物园吗？Y

16、es,I will./No,I wont.是的，我要去。/不，我不去。()1.From now on,I _ the same mistakes again.Believe me.A.makeB.will makeC.wont makeD.made考考点点演演练练C C()2.All of the students in Grade Nine _ from middle school in a few months.A.will graduateB.graduateC.graduatedD.have graduated()3.Dont forget to tell him the good n

17、ews.Of course I _.A.dont B.wont C.havent D.willA AB B()4.The day after tomorrow,we _ horses on the farm.A.rideB.will rideC.rodeD.were riding()5.The bell is ringing.You _ all of the workers rushing into the office soon.A.seeB.sawC.have seenD.will seeB BD D考考点点精精讲讲1.定义过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或过去某一时间段正在进行或发生的动作。

18、2.构成 was/weredoing(现在分词)续表续表3.用法(1)表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作；What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday？昨天九点她在做什么？(2)表示过去某一时间段正在进行的动作；We were watching TV from 7 to 9 last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。续表续表(3)在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续性的并且是同时发生的，那么主、从句的动词都可用过去进行时。While he was waiting for the bus，he was reading a newsp

19、aper.他边等车边看报。续表续表4.时间状语then,at that time,at this time yesterday,when（无论是主句还是从句，延续性的动作用过去进行时，突然发生的动作用一般过去时）,while等。I was reading when he came in.当他进来时我在看书。（“看书”在延续，“进来”突然发生）续表续表5.句型结构与现在进行时一样，否定句或疑问句形式只需改变be(was/were)的形式或位置。I was not reading when he came in.当他进来时我不在看书。What were you doing when I calle

20、d you yesterday？我昨天给你打电话的时候你在做什么？()1.Did you hear the strange noise next door around 10 oclock last night？No.I _ my favorite TV program in my bedroom.A.watch B.watched C.was watching D.am watching 考考点点演演练练C C()2.I called you at 8 oclock last night.But you didnt answer me.I _ my baby son go to sleep

21、and I set my mobile phone mute(无声的).A.madeB.have madeC.would makeD.was making()3.My brother _ the Indian film Dangal when I phoned him yesterday.A.watches B.has watched C.is watching D.was watching D DD D()4.I _ with my father at that time.I didnt know what _.A.was swimming;was happening B.am swimmi

22、ng;has happenedC.was swimming;happens D.swam;was happening()5.When I arrived at the airport yesterday,many fans _ for me there.A.are waiting B.were waiting C.waited D.waitsA AB B考考点点精精讲讲1.定义现在完成时表示开始于过去、持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能继续下去(也可能不继续下去)；也可以表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果。2.构成助动词have/has(主语为第三人称单数形式时)done/be

23、en(过去分词)续表续表3.用法(1)表示开始于过去、持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能继续下去(也可能不继续下去)；She has taught in the school for ten years.她在这所学校教书已经10年了。(2)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在产生的影响或结果(说话目的是强调其影响或结果）；She has had a good education.她受到过良好的教育。续表续表(3)表示从过去某一时间到说话时的这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次动作的总和。He has done a lot of work in the past two years.在过去两年里他做了许

24、多工作。续表续表4.时间状语already,yet,ever,never,just,before,in the past(last)few days,so far,twice,recently,for+时间段,since+时间点/一般过去时从句,how long（针对for/since提问）等。I have seen him twice.我见过他两次。The boy has live here sine he came.这个男孩自从到这儿以来就一直住在这里。续表续表5.句型结构否定句在have/has后面加not，疑问句将have/has提至主语前。Mr.Liu has not been to

25、 Shanghai.刘先生还没去过上海。How long have you taught?你教书多长时间了？续表续表6.注意事项（1）现在完成时可以和疑问词where,why,how 连用，但不能和when连用。故现在完成时对时间的提问不用when，只用how long。Where have you been?你去哪里了？Why have you turned off the radio?你为什么关掉了收音机？续表续表When（）/How long（）has he been in China?他来中国多久了？He has been in China for 4 years.他来中国4年了。续表

26、续表（2）have been to,have been in,have gone to的辨析：具体辨析详见本书的第一部分第三节的“其他短语综合辨析”（P43P44）。I have been to Beijing three times.我已经去过北京三次了。I have been in Beijing for three years.我在北京已经待了三年了。Have you seen Lucy recently?你最近见过露西吗？No.She has gone to Beijing.没有。她去北京了。续表续表（3）短暂性动词和持续性动词的现在完成时若没有时间状语“for+时间段”“since+

27、时间点”和how long时，短暂性和延续性动词都可用于现在完成时。I have bought（短暂）a new computer.我买了一台新电脑。（）He has already lived（持续）in the small village.他已经住在小村庄里了。（）续表续表若有时间状语“for+时间段”“since+时间点”和how long时，要用延续性动词的肯定式或短暂性动词的否定式。They have stayedhave stayed（持续）in the village for 10 yearsfor 10 years.他们在这个村子呆了10年了。I have taughthave

28、 taught（持续）English at this school since 5 years ago.since 5 years ago.自从5年前起，我一直在这所学校教英语。You havent receivedhavent received（短暂）her letter for 2 weeks.for 2 weeks.你已经两周没收到她的信了。We havent lefthavent left（短暂）China since 20 years ago.20 years ago.自20年前我们就没离开过中国。续表续表6.注意事项（3）短暂性动词和持续性动词的现在完成时短暂性动词的肯定式不能与“

29、for+时间段”“since+时间点”和how long连用，若要和它们连用，则要将短暂性动词变为相对应的表示延续意义的动词。相关变化有：borrow/lendkeptcatchhadbuyhadput onwornleave/gobeen awaystart/beginbeen onget upbeen upmovebeen out（of）I have comI have come here for 3 years.（）I have been here for 3 years.（）e here for 3 years.（）I have been here for 3 years.（）续表续表

30、finishbeen overopenbeen openclosebeen closeddiebeen deadjoinbeen in/been a member（of）marrybe marriedsleepbe asleepcome/become/arrivebeen（in）续表续表总总结 若在句子中遇到“for+时间段”“since+时间点”和how long时，主句要用现在完成时，而且动词要有延续性。如果动词是短暂性的则要变为相应的延续性动词。变化规则是：有病（been）则选有been的，没病（been）则看特殊。没病特殊的有：put onworn,boughthad,caughtha

31、d,borrowkept。()1.Look！Your teacher Miss White is over there.No，it cant be her.She _ to Beijing.A.has gone B.has been C.went D.will go考考点点演演练练A A()2.I am surprised at the new look of my hometown,for it _ a lot over the years.A.changed B.changes C.will change D.has changed()3.He _ his homework and now

32、 he can listen to music or watch some TV.A.finishesB.has finishedC.finishD.is finishingD DB B()4.This is the most beautiful place that I _ ever _.A.do;visit B.am;visiting C.have;visited D.will;visit()5.The weather is very cold these days.I _ a cold for a few days.A.have caught B.have had C.catch D.h

33、aveC CB B考考点点精精讲讲一般情况下，简单句可根据句中的时间状语来确定谓语动词的时态。主从复合句可根据其时态一致性原则，通过主从句中任意一个句子的时态确定另外一个句子的时态；含有时间状语从句的主从句还可通过其引导词所表示的不同时间关系，确定主句和从句的时态。一、时态的判断一、时态的判断续表续表根据并列谓语的时态一致性原则、问句和答语的时态一致性原则、无转折时间的短文时态一致性原则等上下文时态的关联以及句子的逻辑关系，来判定句子中谓语动词的时态。二、时态的易混点二、时态的易混点一般现在时表将来如go，come，leave，arrive，begin，start等动词用一般现在时可以表示按规

34、定、计划或安排预计要发生的动作或状态。The train leaves for Beijing at six.火车六点钟出发去北京。School begins on September 1st.学校9月1日开学。续表续表现在进行时表将来常用于这种结构的动词有：go，come，leave等表示有位置移动的动词（趋向性动词）。I am going shopping this afternoon.今天下午我要去购物。三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1.侧重点不同现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响；而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间(即：现在完成时侧重于现

35、在的结果，而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间)。Mr.Green has bought a new computer.格林先生买了一台新电脑。(侧重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑)Mr.Green bought a new computer yesterday.格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。(强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天)续表续表2.时间状语不同现在完成时常与already，yet，just，ever，never，before等副词以及“for时间段”“since时间点/一般过去时从句”等时间状语连用；而一般过去时则常与just now，yesterday，last week以及“时间段+

36、ago”等表示过去时间的状语连用。She has lived here since two years ago.她两年前就住在这里了。She lived here two years ago.两年前她住在这里。Have you ever been to Korea?你去过韩国吗？Yes.I went there with my friend.去过。我跟我的朋友一起去的。()1.When a person _ difficulties，he _ two choices.One is to give up，the other is to face them bravely and try to o

37、vercome them.A.meets；had B.meets；will have C.will meet；has D.is meeting；having考考点点演演练练B B()2.The girl smiled at me and _ me some food and drinks when I waited in the queue.A.offersB.offeredC.is offeringD.has offered()3.Hurry up!The sky is covered with black clouds.Im afraid it _.A.rains B.is going t

38、o rainC.rained D.was rainingB BB B()4.Ming Tao _ for London by air the day after tomorrow.A.leaveB.leftC.has leftD.is leaving()5.Oh,no!I cant find my mobile phone!Well,where _ you last put it?A.have B.do C.did D.willD DC C过去完成时表示一个动作或状态发生在过去的某个时间或某个动作之前，即发生在过去的过去。主语+had+done/been(动词的过去分词)+（句型变化由had

39、变）He said that he had finished the work.他说他已经完成工作了。过去完成时与过去将来时过去完成时与过去将来时知知识识拓拓展展提提升升过去将来时表示一个动作或状态发生在过去的某个时间或动作之后。He said that he would finish the work.他说他将完成工作。续表续表主语+would should(主语为第一人称)was/were going to+do/be(动词原形）动词的时态主要在语法选择和短文填空中考查。具体如下：1.语法选择：考查初中六种时态的用法，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成

40、时。针对此类试题，考生要熟记各种时态的标志词以及其基本用法，并结合前后语境来选择正确选项。如：Judie thought for a moment and _36_,“Butterflies.”（2020广东）A.answersB.answeredC.will answerD.has answered解析：解析：此处有个标志词and,由于and连接的两部分时态要一致，所以选一般过去时。答案选B。2.短文填空：短文填空对动词时态的考查主要是在学生知道填哪个动词的时候，根据时态填写合适的动词形式。如：With the help of her mother,Jane _72_ up her firs

41、t lemonade stand(摊档).（2020广东）解析：解析：此句意为：“在她妈妈的帮助下，简搭建起她的第一个摊档。”因为上下文用的都是一般过去时，所以答案填set的过去式set或put的过去式put。一、语法选择一、语法选择(专练专练)A new singing competition show _ popular with all the people especially the students.It is held in the summer vacation,so students _ enough time to enjoy it.Its a large music sh

42、ow in China.Its said that this program is also the one which _ the voice as the only ruler.Here is some information about one of the power singers Li.1 12 23 3Li,a Chinese Australian,is 26 years old.He is heavy and his family is very poor,but he _ very well.Although he can sing so well,because of hi

43、s appearance,he _ refused many times before.But this didnt stop him,he believed he _ one day.And he was sure that he would be accepted.Everything came to him who _ for the moment all the time.The year 2015 was his lucky year,he 4 45 56 67 7_ a famous singer after he sang the song love is over in the

44、 TV show.What he did encourages me a lot.I _ to improve my English,but I gained a little.Now I know that I should try again.Nothing _ difficult if you put your heart into it.I am sure I will succeed if I try my best.8 89 91010()1.A.isB.wasC.will beD.has been()2.A.hadB.haveC.will haveD.has had()3.A.r

45、egardsB.regardedC.will regardD.has regarded()4.A.sangB.singsC.will singD.has sung()5.A.isB.will beC.wasD.has beenA AB BA AB BC C()6.A.succeedsB.succeededC.would succeedD.was succeeding()7.A.waitsB.waitedC.will waitD.was waiting()8.A.becomesB.is becomingC.becameD.will become()9.A.tryB.triedC.will try

46、D.am trying()10.A.areB.wasC.will beD.has beenC CD DC CB BC C二、短文填空（专练）二、短文填空（专练）请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在横线上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。China lies in the east of Asia.It _ one of the oldest countries in the world.Ancient China began about 5,000 years ago.The first villages were built at that time,but no on

47、e _ for sure the exact date when ancient China started.11111212Ancient China was ruled by many emperors from different dynasties.The _ emperor was Qin Shihuang.He beat the six Chinese kingdoms through many wars and _ up a big China in 221BC.After that,he _ the Great Wall to keep the enemies outside.

48、What we must mention in ancient China are the two dynasties:the Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty.People in these dynasties _ a long and peaceful time.They were rich and lived a happy life.1313141415151616But ancient China was very isolated(孤独的)at that time in the rest of the world.This isolation was

49、 reflected in the creation of _ Great Wall.Sometimes,you could feel the isolation from the name of some famous buildings,too.For example,the emperors of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty _ in a palace which is called the Forbidden City(紫禁城).Ordinary people _ not allowed 171718181919to go in.Howe

50、ver,the New Silk Road was formed to open trade between China and other countries.It will _ new China a lot to communicate with other countries.In this way,China will be stronger and stronger.202011._12._13._14._15._16._17._18._19._20._isisknowsknowsfirstfirstsetsetbuiltbuilthadhadthethelivedlivedwer