2023年中考英语定语从句专项训练ppt课件.pptx

1、 Revision ofthe Attributive Clause定语从句复习定语从句复习 小芳 村里有个姑娘叫小芳 长得好看又善良 一双美丽的大眼睛 辫子粗又长 在回城之前的那个晚上 你和我来到小河旁 There is a beautiful and kind girl named Xiaofang in the village.has a pair of beautiful big eyes and long thick hair.ShewhoI like the baby.The baby is listening to music.I like the baby who/that i

2、s listening to music.I like the baby.The babys eyes are big.I like the baby whose eyes are big.He is the man that I am looking for.He is the man.I am looking for the manthe manthe man先行词先行词 关系词关系词（）主句主句定语从句定语从句:在复合句中在复合句中,修饰某一名词修饰某一名词 或或 代词代词 的从的从句叫定语从句句叫定语从句 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先先行词行词”

3、，引导定语从句的词叫引导定语从句的词叫“关系词关系词”定语从句定语从句基础知识回顾基础知识回顾:定语从句的种类定语从句的种类定语从句定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句“，”My brother who lives in the USA has 6 children.My brother,who lives in the USA,has 6 children.限定性定语与非限定性定语从句的区别：限定性定语与非限定性定语从

4、句的区别：形式，连接词，用途形式，连接词，用途限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句：从句对主句起限制作用，从句必不可少。从句对主句起限制作用，从句必不可少。非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句：从句对主句进行补充，从句对主句进行补充，用逗号隔开。用逗号隔开。引导词不能用引导词不能用thatthat。引导定语从句的引导定语从句的9个关系词个关系词指代人指代人 指代事物指代事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who,whom,thatwhich,that,aswhose,of which/whomwherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词注：关系词在定语从句中作

5、宾语时，通常可以省略注：关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。做主语，宾语做主语，宾语做做状状语语Please pass me the book Please pass me the book whosewhose cover is green cover is greenHe is the man He is the man who who is to blame is to blame for the accidentfor the accidentThe package The package which/thatwhich/that he he waswas carrying wa

6、s mine carrying was mine请指出以下关系代词分别代替什么词，起什么作用请指出以下关系代词分别代替什么词，起什么作用1.Niagara Falls,_ is in the south-eastern part of Canada,is 670 metres wide.2.I didnt understand the reason _many wanted to leave her home town.3.Teresa,_ sister is my friend,is good at all her subjects.4.John is one of the many stu

7、dents _ want to Travel a round the world.（注）（注）5.Quebec,_ most people speak French,has A large population.思考以下句子，如何选用关系词思考以下句子，如何选用关系词whichwhywhosewhowhere1.选择恰当的关系词选择恰当的关系词2.介词介词+关系词关系词3.that与与which1.对对where的考查的考查2.as的使用的使用3.综合考查综合考查（即定语从句与其他（即定语从句与其他易混从句）易混从句）考点考点难点难点定定语从语从句句题题解解题题步步骤与骤与技巧技巧1.先找出定

8、语从句先找出定语从句2.判断先行词，确定先行词是人还是物判断先行词，确定先行词是人还是物3.分析定语从句中所缺的成分；分析定语从句中所缺的成分；并将先行词代入定语从句中验证并将先行词代入定语从句中验证4.确定恰当的关系词确定恰当的关系词.考点一、考点一、that or which?1.This is all_ I know about the matter.A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_ you require?A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visit

9、ed was the Great Wall.A.which B.that C.where D.itA B BChoose the correct answers:4.This is one of the best books_.A.that have ever been written B.which have ever been written C.that has written D.that have written 5.The scientist and his achievements _you told me about are admired by us all.A.which

10、B.that C.who D.whose 6.Which of the books _ were borrowed from him is the best?A.which B.what C.that D.whoseACB 先行词是先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词时等不定代词时;先行词被先行词被all,any,every,no,some,little,much等词修饰时等词修饰时;先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;先行词被先行词被the only,the very(正是正是,恰是恰是),

11、the last 修饰时修饰时;当先行词既有人又有物当先行词既有人又有物,定语从句用定语从句用that 引导引导 (that既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物)若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词who,which时，为了避免重复时，为了避免重复,关系代词不再用关系代词不再用who,which.-结论结论1:先行词有下列情况时先行词有下列情况时,通常通常用关系代词用关系代词 that：1.I have lost my watch,_I like very much.2.Taiwan is part of China,_ is known to all of us.3.Can you lend m

12、e the book about _ you talked last night?whichwhichwhichChoosing:that or which?结论结论 2.引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代词词which,不用不用that,且不省略。且不省略。介词介词+关系词引导定语从句关系词引导定语从句,先行词是物时，只先行词是物时，只用用which，不用，不用that.1.I refuse to accept the blame for something_ was someone elses fault.A.who B.that C.as D.what真题链

13、接真题链接 2.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,_,of course,made all the others upset.A.who B.which C.what D.that真题链接真题链接Tips:注意插入语注意插入语.考点二、考点二、关系副词的用法关系副词的用法 关系副词关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句引导定语从句时，时，when在从句中充当时间在从句中充当时间 状状 语语,where在从句中充当在从句中充当 地点状地点状 语，语，why在从句中充当在从句中充当 原因状原因状 语，语，介词介

14、词which Do you still remember the day _we joined the Party?=on whichwhenThis is the factory _ my father works?This is the factory _we visited last week?That is the reason _you are always late.That is the reason _he gave us.which/that/-which/that/-where/in whichwhy/for whichBlank-filling:先行词为先行词为时间、地点

15、、时间、地点、原因的名词原因的名词时时关系词在关系词在定从中作定从中作状语时状语时关系词在关系词在定从中作定从中作主语或者主语或者宾语时宾语时=要点一：要点一：1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place _I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was

16、late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.when/in whichwhichwhere/in whichwhichwhy/for whichthat/whichFinish exercise B on P9 and C2 on P100注：关系词的选取取决于：注：关系词的选取取决于：1先行词先行词 2关系词在从句中充关系词在从句中充当的成分当的成分1.A.Pisa is a city,_ has a leaning tower.B.Pisa is a city,_there is a leaning tower.a.which b.that c.where d.

17、there2.A.We still remembered the days _we travelled together.B.We still remembered the days _we spent together.a.when b.which c.in that d.thereacabPRACTICE MAKES PERFECT1.Ive come to the point _ I cant stand him.2.The country is in the situation _a war will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了

18、无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。要点二、某些特殊词之后的要点二、某些特殊词之后的where解析：某些抽象地点名词如：解析：某些抽象地点名词如：point,stage,situation,case,condition,activity,celebration等做先行词时，等做先行词时，定语从句常用定语从句常用where 引导，表示抽象化的地点。引导，表示抽象化的地点。wherewhere 1.Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only plan

19、et_ life has developed gradually.A.that B.where C.which D.whose真题链接真题链接 2.The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A.when B.that C.where D.which真题链接真题链接 3.I have reached a point in my life _I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.which B.where C.how D.why真题链接真题链接

20、.考点三、考点三、介词介词+关系词关系词This is the machine on _ she spent 1000 dollars.Xiao Wang,with _ I went to the concert,enjoy it very much.whichwhom 要点要点1：紧跟介词的关紧跟介词的关系词，引导定语从句时系词，引导定语从句时,指事物用指事物用which,指人用指人用whom。用适当用适当 的关系词填空：的关系词填空：1.Do you know who lives in the building_there is a well?A.in front of it B.in f

21、ront of whoseC.in front of which D.in front of that2.Ill never forget the day _ I first met you.A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which3.The woman _my brother spoke just now is my teacher.A.who B.to whom C.to who D whomCABChoose the correct answers:1 1）、看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭）、看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配；配

22、；-What were the things _ which he was not so sure?2 2）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭配；搭配；-The speed _ which you drive your car mustnt be too high.3 3）、可以通过句子的整体含义）、可以通过句子的整体含义,结合生活实际来判断。结合生活实际来判断。-China has many rivers,_ which the Yangtze River is the longest.要点要点2 2：介词：介词关系代词引导的定语从关系代

23、词引导的定语从句中句中,介词如何选择介词如何选择aboutatof/among1.Jeanne was her old friend,_ she borrowed a necklace.A.from who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom2.His glasses,_ he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke its leg.A.which B.with which C.without which D.that3.She is a teacher of much knowledge,_much ca

24、n be learned.A.who B.that C.from which D.from whomBCDPRACTICE MAKES PERFECT 1.Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ we may return in the near future.A.on which B.by which C.to which D.from which真题链接真题链接 2.She brought with her three friends,none of _ I had ever met before.A.them B.who C.whom D.

25、that真题链接真题链接.考点四、考点四、关系词关系词 as 的用法的用法关系代词关系代词as既可以引导限制性定从，也可既可以引导限制性定从，也可以引导非限制性定从，常用于以下情况以引导非限制性定从，常用于以下情况：1.先行词有先行词有so,such,the same修饰时，后修饰时，后面的定语从句常用面的定语从句常用as 引导，引导，as 在从句在从句中中 可充当可充当 主语，宾语，表语。主语，宾语，表语。There is no such place _ you dream of in this world.世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。I have t

26、he same trouble _ you have.我和你有同样的麻烦。我和你有同样的麻烦。asas2.在非限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，as常常 用于固用于固定搭配。定搭配。As is known to all/As we all know 众所周知众所周知 As has been said/mentioned before 如前所述如前所述 As often happens/As is often the case 正如经常发生的那样正如经常发生的那样在此用法中在此用法中,as所引导的定所引导的定语从句可放在主句的句首、语从句可放在主句的句首、句中、句末。句中、句末。1._wa

27、s natural,he married Jenny.A.Which B.That C.This D.As2.Such signs _ we use in the experiment_Greek letters.A.as,are B.as,is C.that,are D.that,is3.I passed him a large glass of whisky,_ he drank immediately.A.that B.as C.which D.whoDACChoose the correct answers:要点要点:引导非限制性定语从句时，引导非限制性定语从句时，as 跟跟which

28、的区别：的区别：asas“正如正如正像正像”句首，句首，句中，句中，句末句末若关系词指若关系词指代前面整句代前面整句话，且位于话，且位于主句之后，主句之后，二者有时候二者有时候可以互换可以互换.whichwhich“这这”“这件事这件事”句中，句中，句末句末1.It was raining,_was a pity.A.what B.that C.the which D.which2._has been said above,grammar is not a set of dead rules.A.Which B.What C.That D.As3.We do the same work _ t

29、hey do.A.which B.as C.than D.like4.The earth is round,_ is known to us all.A.that B.which C.who D.as DDBDPRACTICE MAKES PERFECT 1._is generally the case,those who care for the weakest members of society are respected.A.Which B.That C.What D.As真题链接真题链接 2.Ted came for the weekend wearing only some sho

30、rts and a T-shirt,_is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A.this B.that C.what D.which 真题链接真题链接.考点五考点五：定语从句与其他定语从句与其他 复合句的区分复合句的区分1.定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句 We all have heard the news _our team won.We dont believe the news _he told us yesterday.thatthat/which 同位语从句，同位语从句，that从句表示的是从句表示的是news的内容，的内容，tha

31、t 在从句中不作任何成分。在从句中不作任何成分。定语从句，定语从句，that引导的句子修饰前面的引导的句子修饰前面的news，that/which 在从句中充当宾语。在从句中充当宾语。2.定语从句与状语从句定语从句与状语从句 He left the key _ he had been an hour before.He left the place_ he lived for many years.wherewhere where引导的是状语从句，表示地点；引导的是状语从句，表示地点；相当于相当于in the place where where 引导的是定语从句，修饰引导的是定语从句，修饰th

32、e place，where在从句中做状语。在从句中做状语。易混淆句型 He is such a good teacher_ all of us love and respect.He is such a good teacher_ we all like him.asthatas 引导的是限制性定语从句，引导的是限制性定语从句，as 在从句中充当宾语。在从句中充当宾语。that引导的是结果状语从句引导的是结果状语从句,在句子中不作成分，在句子中不作成分，句型句型 suchthat 翻译成翻译成 “如此如此以致以致”3定语从句与主语从句定语从句与主语从句 _ is known to us all

33、,paper was first made in China._is known to us all that paper was first made in China.AsIt as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首，句中，句末。可置于句首，句中，句末。it 做形式主语，指代做形式主语，指代that 引导的主语从句引导的主语从句4定语从句与强调结构定语从句与强调结构 It is the house_ I met the young man.It was in the house_ I met the young man.wheret

34、hat(where 引导的是定语从句，修饰引导的是定语从句，修饰house，where在定语从句中作地点状语在定语从句中作地点状语)(本句为强调结构，去掉本句为强调结构，去掉it wasthat,句子依然完整，句子依然完整，可还原为可还原为I met the young man in the house.)1.A.The news _he told us was very exciting.B.He has brought us the news _our team has won the game.a.what b.as c.that d.where2.It is in a box _ I

35、have hidden my money.Well go _ we are needed.a.that b.in which c.where d.in itcc acPRACTICE MAKES PERFECT3.A.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.B.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.a.which b.that c.as d.about which4.A.All _ I need is a good rest.B._I need is a good rest.a.What b.All w

36、hat c.that d.Which cbca 1._ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A.It B.What C.As D.Which真题链接真题链接 2.The news came_ the British Queens mother celebrated her 101th birthday in good health,_ isnt surprising,because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical care.A.that;which B.which;which C.that;that D.when;as 真题链接真题链接 3.The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.A.which;where B.at which;which C.at which;where D.which;in which真题链接真题链接Thanks for your Thanks for your aTTenTion!aTTenTion!