2022年中考英语总复习之定语从句 ppt课件.pptx

1、概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子的句子.(Attributive clause)Mary is a girl who has long hair.句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl,叫做叫做定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系关系代词代词关系副词关系副词which,thatwho,whom,whose Where,when,why 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时当先行词是物时,用用which 或或that引导引导.These are the trees

2、which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时,用用who,whom,whose,that引导引导.I know the girl who is in red.1.The girl is happy.2.She won the race.合并句子合并句子:The girl who won the race is happy.1.The city is beautiful.2.The city is surrounded by mountains.The city which/that is surrounded by mountains is beaut

3、iful.The man called the police.His wallet was stolen.The man whose wallet was stolen called the policewho,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.who/that 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语

4、The old man whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The old man is a teacher.They wanted to visit the old man.分解分解作宾语作宾语注意注意：who、whom作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语时的时的区别区别做做介词介词的宾语只能用的宾语只能用whom做做动词动词的宾语的宾语who、whom可互用可互用He is the man whom I am waiting for.whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语.I know the girl whose hair is long.分解

5、分解I know the girl.The girls hair is long.作定语作定语注意注意:关系代词作动词关系代词作动词宾语宾语时可时可 省略省略.The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.小结：如何选择关系词小结：如何选择关系词先判断先行词是人是物先判断先行词是人是物指人：指人：who that whom whose指物：指物：that which再判断先行词在从句中的成分再判断先行词在从句中的成分指人：主语：指人：主语：who/that 宾语：宾语：who/that/whom 定语：定语：whose指物：主语指物

6、：主语 that which 宾语宾语 that which 定语定语 whoseExercise:1.Thisisthebag_mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.thisA2.Thegirl_yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.which D.asA3.Doyouknowtheboy_issingingintheclassroom?A.whichB.whoC.when D.whomB4.Jim dislikes people _talk much but never do anything.A.wh

7、om B.when C.whose D.whoD5.The village _I visited last year has changed a lot.Really?I hope to go there on day.A.that B.who C.whenA注意：定语从句的注意：定语从句的时态不受时态不受主句主句影响。影响。1.The girl who won the race is happy.2.Doyouknowtheboywho issingingintheclassroom?3.只能用只能用that,不能用不能用which的情况的情况 序数词序数词或或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰先

8、行词时修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等等不定代词不定代词作先行作先行词时词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true.先行词被先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。等修饰时。Ive read all t

9、he books that you lend me.先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。This is the very book that belongs to him.主句已有主句已有who或或which时时Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.当先行词同时指当先行词同时指人人和和物物时时Ive never heard of the people and things that

10、 you talked about just now.只能只能用用which不用不用that的情况的情况1.关系代词前有关系代词前有介词介词时时This is the classroom in which I studied for 2 years.2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句She has 2 dalls,which are from her parents.1.I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.The man _ leg broke in a match use

11、d to be a football player.2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.4.My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5.The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6.Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that7.Is there anything _ you want to buy in

12、the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9.The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.I like the music that I can sing alon

13、g with.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.The woman who lives next door is a teacher.定语从句定语从句关系副词关系副词的用法的用法关系副词：关系副词：when,where和和why，它，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语和原因状语表时间的名词表时间的名词+when引导的定语从引导的定语从句句IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.Hellneverforgetthedaywhenhejoinedthearmy.表地点的名词表地点的名词

14、+where引导的定语从引导的定语从句句ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Shanghai is the city where I was born.表原因的名词表原因的名词reason+why引导引导的定语从句的定语从句Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy.比较下面的几组句子比较下面的几组句子IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstmetyou.Iwillneverforgett

15、hedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.Thisisthehospital_mymotherworks.Thisisthehospital_wevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.wherethat/which关系代词与关系副词的选择关系代词与关系副词的选择方法一：定语从句的动词为方法一：定语从句的动词为不及不及物动词时，用关系副词。物动词时，用关系副词。This is the city where I lived 10 years ago.方法二：定语从句方法二：定语从句缺成分用关系代词缺成分用关系代词，不缺成分用关系副词。不缺成分用关系副词。I

16、 still remember the day when we first met each other.I still remember the days that we spenttogether.关系副词关系副词引导的从句可以由引导的从句可以由介词介词+which引导的从句替换引导的从句替换This is the house where I lived two years ago.This is the house in which I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day when you joined our club?Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?This is the reason why he came late.This is the reason for which he came late.