2022年中考语法专项介词ppt课件.pptx

1、中考语法专项中考语法专项 介词介词介词总述介词总述介词的作用：介词的作用：如果没有介词，一个句子只是名词、动词、如果没有介词，一个句子只是名词、动词、形容词、副词等的堆积。形容词、副词等的堆积。That picture hangs on the wall of my bedroom in the upstairs of my house.去掉介词后去掉介词后That picture hangs the wall my bedroom the upstairs my house.授课重点授课重点表示地点方位的介词表示地点方位的介词表示时间的介词表示时间的介词表示方法、手段的介词表示方法、手段的介

2、词常用介词搭配常用介词搭配中考真题实操中考真题实操表示方位的介词8The man is in front of the bus.9The driver is in the front of the bus.on the boxunder the boxin the box-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.near-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.next to-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the b

3、ox.in front of-Wheres the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.behind-Where is the soccer ball?-Its _ the box.across from14The brown box is opposite the orange one.-Where is the soccer ball?-Its _.between the big box and the small box16The brown box is next to/beside the orange box.17Floor 5 is above Floor 4.

4、Floor4 is below Floor 5.易混介词易混介词 1.along,across,throughHe likes to drive along the river.Dont run across the road.Go through bridge,please.总结：总结：(1)along 沿着沿着(2)across横穿（表面）横穿（表面）(3)through穿过（立体空间）穿过（立体空间）The policeman is helping the old man go _ the street.across从从物体表物体表面面穿过穿过through the forest指从指从

5、物体空间内物体空间内穿过穿过.over 指在垂直的上面，不接触表面或表示越指在垂直的上面，不接触表面或表示越过过.（jump over)on 在在之上之上（接触物体表面）（接触物体表面）above 在在上方上方（不接触物体，一般是斜上方不接触物体，一般是斜上方）Put away the books on the desk.Mom put a rug over me when I was asleep.There is a bridge over the river.The sun rose above the horizon.2.over/on/above The boy is _ (在树上在

6、树上)inin the tree the treeonon the treethe treeThere is a red apple_.树上长出来的东西树上长出来的东西,用用 on不属于树本身不属于树本身的东西的东西,用用 in 3.in 和和onThe boy is sitting _the two girls.Miss Li is standing _ the students.between 和和 amongbetweenamong在在两者两者之间之间在在三者三者或者或者三者以上三者以上之间之间inin 年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）onon 具体某

7、一天，星期、节日具体某一天，星期、节日atat 具体的钟点、（一段时间）的起点具体的钟点、（一段时间）的起点in 2021 /in December/in winter in two minutes on Saturday /on Christmas Eveon the morning of Monday (具体的某一天的早上具体的某一天的早上)at 7 oclock at the beginning of 在在.开始时开始时 in/on/at 区分区分for/since 区分区分for+段时间，表示某个动作持续多长时间段时间，表示某个动作持续多长时间I have lived here for

8、 twenty years.since+点点时间时间/.ago/+一般过去时句子，表示某一般过去时句子，表示某个动作是何时开始的。个动作是何时开始的。I have lived here since 2020.I have lived here since 2 years ago.He has lived here since he was born.by+时间点，表示时间点，表示“到到以前为止以前为止”You have to finish your homework by 11 oclock.by/until 区分区分until 用于用于肯定肯定句中表示句中表示“直到直到为止为止”(主句谓语必

9、须为延续性动词）主句谓语必须为延续性动词）用于否定句用于否定句(not.until)表示表示“直到直到才才”I did not watch TV until my mother came home.表示地点方位的介词表示地点方位的介词in：某一地区之内的地方（在该范围之内）：某一地区之内的地方（在该范围之内）to：某一地区之外的地方（在该范围之外）：某一地区之外的地方（在该范围之外）on：与某一地区接壤的地方：与某一地区接壤的地方Fujian is in the southeast of China.Japan is to the east of China.Russia is on the

10、north of China.表示地点方位的介词表示地点方位的介词in+大地点大地点 at+小地点小地点 in a country in a town in the street in a desertat home at school at the bus-stop at the crossroads表示地点方位的介词表示地点方位的介词in front of:在在之前（范围之外）之前（范围之外）in the front of:在在的前部（范围之内）的前部（范围之内）Tom stands in front of the classroom.Tom stands in the front of

11、the classroom.in front of 和和 in the front of The man is _the car.in front ofThe man is _ the car.in the front of在在(外部的外部的)前面前面在在(内部的内部的)前面前面inin 用法用法使用某种语言使用某种语言用汉语用汉语:in ChineseYou can solve this problem in this way.in this way用这种方式用这种方式in different ways用不同的方式用不同的方式 用用的方式的方式My sister is in red.The

12、woman in a yellow dress is my mother.inin+服装服装,颜色颜色 表示表示穿某种颜色的衣服穿某种颜色的衣服用日语用日语:in Japanese3.With the money,they built some schools in the poor area._ with 用法用法1.We see with our eyes and hear with ourears._ 使用人体器官做某事使用人体器官做某事2.Chinese usually eat with chopsticks._使用某一工具使用某一工具使用使用(利用利用)某材料某材料(金钱等金钱等)b

13、y 的用法的用法We go to school by bike/bus/car/ship/plane _by常接常接 ,表示交通方式表示交通方式.I talk with my friends by sending e-mail._by+doing 表示通过某种手段或方式表示通过某种手段或方式 注意：注意：on/in+冠词冠词+交通工具交通工具by bus=on a/the busby bike=on a/the/ones bikeby plane=on/in a/the planeby car=in a/the/ones car交通工具交通工具 at the same time 同时同时at

14、midnight 在午夜在午夜by the way 顺便说一下顺便说一下by the door 在门口在门口by the time 到到时候时候by mistake 错误地错误地in order 整整齐齐整整齐齐in order to 以便以便in turn 轮流轮流in the daytime 在白天在白天in future 从今以后从今以后in the future 将来将来in fact 事实上事实上on show/on display 展出；陈列展出；陈列on duty 值日值日on sale 出售出售on board 在船（飞机）上在船（飞机）上with pleasure 很乐意很乐

15、意with ones help 在在的帮助下的帮助下on the one hand 一方面一方面另一方面另一方面on the other hand on the telephone 在接在接/打电话打电话be excited about 对对感到兴奋感到兴奋be popular with 受受欢迎欢迎be pleased with 对对感到满意感到满意=be satisfied with be proud of 对对感到骄傲感到骄傲=take pride in call at+地点地点 探访某地探访某地call on+人人 拜访某人拜访某人send for 派人去叫派人去叫point at 指

16、着指着die of 死于（内因）死于（内因）die from 死于（外因）死于（外因）run across 碰到碰到hear from 收到收到来信来信hear of 听说听说at the age of 在在岁时岁时at the beginning of 在在开始开始at the foot of 在在脚下脚下on the top of 在在顶端顶端真题练习（2021 安徽中考）安徽中考）Our country has made great progress in the fight _ blue skies and clear waters.A.in B.forC.against D.betw

17、een【答案】【答案】B真题练习（2021甘肃天水中考）甘肃天水中考）We left _ such a hurry that we forgot our tickets.A.onB.forC.toD.in【答案】【答案】D真题练习（2021黑龙江牡丹江中考）黑龙江牡丹江中考）You should learn to relax and not to put so much pressure on yourself.The underlined phrase means“_”A.feel good aboutB.be too hard onC.be sure about【答案】【答案】B真题练习（2021湖北随州中考）湖北随州中考）I could tell _ the look on her face that something exciting had happened.Exactly!A.onB.withC.byD.at【答案】【答案】C