2022年中考英语完形填空解题技巧ppt课件(001).ppt

1、ClozeClozeClozeCloze 英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识英语基础知识和和综综合运用语言的能力合运用语言的能力，其中包括，其中包括词汇辨析能力、阅读词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力等。它不仅要求考等。它不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。完形填空的命题原则是完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化突出词汇语境化”。实词中偏重于对。

2、实词中偏重于对动词动词和和名词名词的的考查，同时也兼顾对考查，同时也兼顾对形容词、副词形容词、副词以及其它词类的以及其它词类的考查。试题以考查。试题以情境意义选择为主情境意义选择为主，纯语法性选择近，纯语法性选择近年已趋近于零。年已趋近于零。Guessing the words 广东高考完形填空题究竟考什广东高考完形填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看以下研究结果。么？怎么考？请看以下研究结果。命题揭密命题揭密完型填空的特点：完型填空的特点：(1)(1)首句不设空：首句不设空：因为首句是文章的窗口，不设空有因为首句是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意，助于考生了解或推测全文的大意，(2

3、)(2)选项特点：选项特点：同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，且为同一语法形式。且为同一语法形式。(3)(3)设空方式：设空方式：命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。句子层面：句子层面：在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。空格前，也可能在空格后。句组层面：句组层面：考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可选出正确答案。后一句之后才可选出正确答案。语篇层面：语篇层面：必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇

4、章，才可选出正确答案。个篇章，才可选出正确答案。轻语法，重逻辑轻语法，重逻辑ClozeClozeHow to get high scores？1.正确的答题步骤正确的答题步骤 2.必要的答题技巧必要的答题技巧 3.适量的实践训练适量的实践训练ClozeCloze1.1.注重首句，浏览全文注重首句，浏览全文,掌握大意。掌握大意。a.a.应用阅读技能应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读进行缺词阅读.b.b.注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.2.2.注重语境，瞻前顾后注重语境，瞻前顾后,试填答案。试填答案。a.a.先填上固定搭配与习惯表达先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较基

5、本句型等较容易的空格容易的空格.b.b.对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点力争突破难点.3.3.通读全文通读全文,检查核对检查核对.确保最佳。确保最佳。解题步骤与策略解题步骤与策略ClozeClozehospital nightno/little1.Mr Black is a doctor,he works in the _.2.A nurse not only works in the day,but also works during the_.3.He is rather busy,so he has _ time to have

6、lunch at home.ClozeCloze4.We have an English test this term,its very easy,most students can _this test.5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday,they were very tired _happy.pass butClozeClozeClozeClozeSkill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）In New York,on a Friday night,a young artist stood at the gate of

7、a train station.He was playing his _1_.His music was so great that many people put money into his hat.The next day,the young artist came to the same place,and played the violin as usual.1.A.piano B.guitar C.violin D.saxviolinviolinClozeClozeSkill 1：context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）Once a king was walking arou

8、nd a pool with his ministers（大臣）（大臣）.Suddenly,he came up with an idea.He asked,“How many baskets of 2 are there in the pool?”.as big as the pool,there is one basket of water2.A.fish B.flowers C.water D.applesbasket of waterwaterbaskets ofClozeCloze When we talked,I discovered（发现）（发现）some differences

9、 in school life between the US and China.For example,each class lasts fifty minutes in the US.It is a little _3_ than that in China.We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.3.A.shorter B.longer C.earlier D.laterfiftySkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）forty-fiveClozeClozeSkill 2：logic（逻辑推理）（逻辑推理）My mot

10、her often asked me，“What is the most important part of the body?”I thought sound was very important to us as humans，so I said“My 4 ，Mommy”She said，“NoMany people are deaf（聋的）（聋的）4.A.ears B.eyes C.body D.headsounddeafClozeCloze When two people are in a conversation,the speaker will only look at the l

11、istener from time to time,in order to make sure that the listener pays attention 5 what he or she is speaking5.A.for B.of C.with D.topays attentiontoSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）pay attention to 注意注意ClozeClozeSkill 3：regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）Nobel arranged in his will to give the lar

12、gest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes,which would be awarded to people who made great 6 to the causes of peace,literature,and the sciences.6.A.additions B.sacrifices C.changes D.contributionsmade great tomake contributions to对对做出贡献做出贡献ClozeClozeSkill 4：words analysis（词义辨析）（词义辨析）7.But

13、by using literary texts(文学文本文学文本)alongside other texts,teachers can 7 students improve their reading skills.7.A.want B.help C.get D.askClozeClozeSkill 5：background knowledge（背景知识（背景知识:包括生活及文化方面的）包括生活及文化方面的）But we run so fast that,afterwards,we had trouble 8 .8.A.speaking B.moving C.sleeping D.breath

14、ingrun so fastClozeClozeLiumei is among the _9_ ones.The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted(答应给）答应给）Liu a full scholarship-HK$500,000.Not all students are so fortunate.9.A.poor B.smart C.lucky D.silent 同义重现同义重现ClozeClozeFriendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language

15、.Some of us like _10_ friends while others like different friends.Personally I prefer both.Having similar friends has many advantages.10.A.true B.right C.same D.similar原词重现原词重现反义同现反义同现逻辑关系：转折逻辑关系：转折ClozeCloze1 1、context（上下文、语境）（上下文、语境）3、regular collocation（固定搭配）（固定搭配）2、logic（逻辑）（逻辑）4、words analysis（

16、词义辨析）（词义辨析）5、background knowledge（背景知识）（背景知识）ClozeCloze1.1.Martin Luther King was an important Martin Luther King was an important 1 1 of black of black people in American.He believed that black people and people in American.He believed that black people and white people should have equal rights.In

17、1963,Dr Kingwhite people should have equal rights.In 1963,Dr King led a march in Washington D.C.A lot of Americans led a march in Washington D.C.A lot of Americans went there to take part in the went there to take part in the 2 2 .They wanted the .They wanted the government to government to 3 3 the

18、laws that were unfair to black the laws that were unfair to black people.Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people.Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people through peace and not force.When he was killed people through peace and not force.When he was killed in 1968,the Un

19、ited States in 1968,the United States 4 4 a great leader.a great leader.1)A.runner B.singer C.leader D.teacher1)A.runner B.singer C.leader D.teacher 2)A.crowd B.war C.group D.march 2)A.crowd B.war C.group D.march 3)A.sign B sell C.pass D.change 3)A.sign B sell C.pass D.change 4)A.lost B.found C.boug

20、ht D.died 4)A.lost B.found C.bought D.died leaderleadermarchmarchthat were unfair tothat were unfair towas killedwas killedClozeCloze2.Every American knows the Mayflower.The Mayflower 2.Every American knows the Mayflower.The Mayflower was the name of the famous _1_ that_2_ from Englandwas the name o

21、f the famous _1_ that_2_ from Englandto the new world in 1620.There were 102 pilgrimsto the new world in 1620.There were 102 pilgrims（十六（十六世纪英国移民）世纪英国移民）on board.It was a dangerous trip for oneon board.It was a dangerous trip for one small ship to make,and it _3_ more than 66 days .small ship to mak

22、e,and it _3_ more than 66 days .The pilgrims were very _4_ when they finally saw land.The pilgrims were very _4_ when they finally saw land.In this New World,there were no homes or towns.They In this New World,there were no homes or towns.Theyhad to build their own _5_.This became Known as had to bu

23、ild their own _5_.This became Known as Plymouth,Massachusetts.Plymouth,Massachusetts.1)A.flower B.ship C.film D.place 1)A.flower B.ship C.film D.place 2)A.flew B.sailed C.planted D.grew2)A.flew B.sailed C.planted D.grew3)A.made B.took C.spent D.cost3)A.made B.took C.spent D.cost4)A.painful B.fearful

24、 C.powerful D.thankful 4)A.painful B.fearful C.powerful D.thankful 5)A.ship B.house C.fields D.city5)A.ship B.house C.fields D.cityPlymouth,MassachusettsPlymouth,Massachusettsshipshipwhen they finally saw landwhen they finally saw landClozeClozeHave a try!ClozeCloze Tess was eight years old when her

25、 parents talking about her little brother,Andrew.All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money.Only a very costly 1 could save him now and no one wanted to 2 them the money.She heard Daddy say to her Mother 3 ,“Only a miracle(奇迹)can save him now.”Tess got all the change she had and 4

26、her way to the drug store.A.surgeon B.companion C.protection D.operation2.A.borrow B.lend C.make D.leave3.A.happily B.proudly C.angrilyD.sadly4.A.made B.took C.sailed D.passedmake ones way to朝朝走去走去 ClozeCloze5.A.doubtful B.bad C.puzzling D.unlucky6.A.buy B.purchase C.sell D.share7.A.looked B.ran C.c

27、ame D.rolled “What do you want?”the clerk asked.“A miracle.”Tess answered.“My little brother has something 5 growing inside his head and my dad says only a miracle can save him now.”“We dont 6 miracles here,little girl.”The clerk said.The clerks brother was a well-dressed man.He 7 over and asked the

28、 little girl,“What kind of miracle does your brother need?”come over走近，走过来走近，走过来 look over仔细检查仔细检查 run over撞倒撞倒，跑过去，跑过去 roll over翻滚；翻身翻滚；翻身 ClozeCloze8.A.replied B.allowed C.accepted D.expected9.A.tired B.deaf C.nervous D.sick10.A.wait B.beg C.pay D.apply11.A.high B.low C.loud D.excited “I dont know

29、,”Tess 8 with tears in her eyes.“I just know hes really 9 ,but my dad cant 10 for a miracle,so I want to use my one dollar and eleven cents”.Tess answered in a 11 voice.ClozeCloze12.A.exact B.same C.proper D.reasonable13.A.spending B.waste C.charge D.tip14.A.achievement B.success C.medicine D.miracl

30、e15.A.devotion B.faith C.trust D.patience “A dollar and eleven cents-the 12 price of a miracle for a little brother.”smiled the man.That well-dressed man was Dr.Carlton Armstrong,a surgeon.The operation was completed without 13 and it wasnt long before Andrew was home again and doing well.That surge

31、ry is a real 14 .It costs one dollar and eleven cents,plus the 15 of a little child.ClozeClozeSummary（总结）2 _the answers according to the passage is a good way to do a cloze.Guessing1 You should_the passage,then you may find the answer is just in the passage.read through3:Chose the best answers.Cloze

32、Cloze1 1、跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意3、复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案2、瞻前顾后，瞻前顾后，先易后难，先易后难，各个击破各个击破2mins10mins2minsClozeClozeTips to Close Test:Tips to Close Test:1 1注重注重首、尾句首、尾句。2 2克服畏难、急躁情绪克服畏难、急躁情绪,耐心耐心通读全文。通读全文。3 3切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答切勿看到一个空格就急着选出一个答 案，必须案，必须纵观全文纵观全文、通篇考虑。、通篇考虑。4 4先易后难先易后难,注意从文中同样结构或类

33、似结注意从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。5 5如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须如果选项从语法角度无法确定，则必须从从 语篇语篇(前提示、后暗示前提示、后暗示)意义上意义上加以鉴别。加以鉴别。ClozeCloze 要充分利用首句的标示作用要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的

34、有用信息。（when,where,who,what,howwhen,where,who,what,how)要注意尾句的提示和总结作用要注意尾句的提示和总结作用故事的结局故事的结局问题的结论问题的结论幽默或富有哲理的结尾幽默或富有哲理的结尾 留意文章中有中文注释的词留意文章中有中文注释的词有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。Step 1 抓住首尾，了解短文抓住首尾，了解短文ClozeCloze完形填空。完形填空。共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟 Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too

35、 many activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”He said.“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have

36、too many activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排过量的课程安排)is a growing problem for Chinese families.”said Mr.WangIt i

37、s not good for both kids and their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they dont learn that now,it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 .Kids need time to

38、relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.ClozeCloze可以推测：可以推测：这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，首句：首句：Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many activities第三段首句第三段首句：“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排过量的课程安排)is a growing

39、problem for Chinese families.”中文注释：中文注释：an expert(专家专家)尾句：尾句：Kids need time to relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：撇开选项不谈，单从这些句子中，我们可以捕捉到如下信息：（1 1）XiaoQiang XiaoQiang 是个是个1212岁中国男孩。岁中国男孩。（2 2）他有许多活动。）他有许多活动。（3 3）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题）专家认为过量的课程安排是个问题 。（4 4）孩子们需要时

40、间休息。）孩子们需要时间休息。ClozeClozeStep 2 通读全文通读全文,把握脉络把握脉络 Xiao Qiang，通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、通过跳过空格，通览全文，我们明白了大意、理清了观点、分清了层次。理清了观点、分清了层次。本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走本文讲述了许多青少年学生在课余时间奔走于各种各样的于各种各样的after school activities after school activities 的问题，的问题，专家呼吁专家呼吁Kids need time to relax.Kids need time to relax.ClozeCloze Xi

41、ao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too manyactivitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do therest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”Hesaid.“More a

42、nd more kids become unhappy 4 they have toomany activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that theywished they had more 6 to play.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排过量的课程安排)is a growing problem

43、forChinese families.”said Mr.WangIt is not good for both kidsand their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fastfood 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.We allknow it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they dont learn that now,it will be more difficult to learn w

44、hen they get9 .Kids need time to relax.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.跳过空格通读短文：跳过空格通读短文：ClozeClozeStep 3 瞻前顾后，上下求索瞻前顾后，上下求索 本着先易后难的原则，先根据上下文和自己的语感，推测部分空格的可能答案，并划出语篇标志和答题暗示。然后，再结合选项逐一敲定。ClozeCloze完形填空。完形填空。（共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟）分钟）Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too man

45、y activitiesHis father 1 him away from school four afternoons a week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”He said.“More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too

46、many activities to do.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 5 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排过量的课程安排)is a growing problem for Chinese families.”said Mr.WangIt is no

47、t good for both kids and their parents.More families eat dinner 7 or often eat fast food 8 their way to football practice or music lessons.We all know it is important for kids to learn how to relax.If they dont learn that now,it will be more difficult to learn when they get 9 .Kids need time to rela

48、x.Parents should 10 about what is right for kids.平行结构平行结构1.A.take B.takes C.took D.has taken2.A.sports B.business C.homework D.housework3.A.riding B.flying C.walking D.drivingClozeCloze完形填空。完形填空。共共205词词 推荐做题时间推荐做题时间 10分钟分钟v Xiao Qiang，a l 2-year-old Chinese boy，has too many vactivitiesHis father 1 h

49、im away from school four afternoons va week and drives him across town to practice“I do most of my v 2 in the car when we are 3 to practice，and I have to do the rest when I get homeI am too tried,I just want to sleep.”He said.v “More and more kids become unhappy 4 they have too many activities to do

50、.”said Mr.Wang，an expert(专家专家)of child development“4lof the children aged 9-13 said they felt 46 most of the time，and more than 750f them said that they wished they had more 6 to play.”v “Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排过量的课程安排)is a growing problem forv Chinese families.”said Mr.WangIt is not good for both k