2022年中考英语语法+现在分词和过去分词与中心词的关系讲解及练习ppt课件.ppt

1、现在分词和过去分词与中心现在分词和过去分词与中心词的关系词的关系讲解及练习讲解及练习现在分词（短语）和过去分词现在分词（短语）和过去分词(短语短语)1.Murder in a Country House is a horror film _(direct)by Cindy Clark,a new director.2.Dressed up as Father Christmas and _(accompany)by a guard of honour of six pretty girls,he set off down the main street of the city _(ride)a

2、 baby elephant _(call)Jumbo.directedaccompaniedridingcalled在英语的时态中，现在分词用于进行时，过去分词用于完成时和被动语态。作为非谓语动词，分词可以用作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。分词可以有自己的宾语或状语，分词+自身的宾语或状语=分词短语 1.Murder in a Country House is a horror film _(direct)by Cindy Clark,a new director.2.Dressed up as Father Christmas and _(accompany)by a guard of h

3、onour of six pretty girls,he set off down the main street of the city _(ride)a baby elephant _(call)Jumbo.directedaccompaniedridingcalled分词或分词短语在句子担当的成分分词或分词短语在句子担当的成分及位置及位置1、分词用作定语时，单个分词放在被修饰的名词前；分词短语放在被修饰的名词后。China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.中国是一个属于第三世界的发展中国家。The man spea

4、king at the meeting is our headmaster.正在会议上讲话的人是我们的校长。Most of people invited to the party didnt come.大部分受邀参加晚会的人没来。2、用作状语时，分词短语多放在句首，有时也可以放在句尾。Looking out of the window,he saw a dog running after a mouse.往窗外看时，他看到一只狗追一只老鼠。Inspired by what the teacher said,he studied even harder.受到了老师说的鼓励，他学习更加刻苦了。3、

5、用作宾语补足语时，分词短语放在宾语后。I had my car repaired this morning.今天早上我找人修我的车了。I will have my hair cut this afternoon.今天下午我去理发。When he woke up,he found some strangers surrounding him.他醒来后发现一些陌生人围着他。When he woke up,he found himself surrounded by some strangers.他醒来后发现自己被一些陌生人围着。分词（短语）与中心词 1、分词或分词短语用作定语时，中心词是被修饰的名

6、词。2、分词或分词短语用作状语时，中心词是句子的主语。3、分词或分词短语用作宾语补足语时，中心词是宾语。找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词1、China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.developing是现在分词作前置定语，中心词是country。belonging to the Third World是现在分词短语用作后置定语，中心词是country。2、The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.speaking at the meeting是现在分词短语

7、用作后置定语，中心词是man。3、Most of people invited to the party didnt come.invited to the party是过去分词短语用作后置定语，中心词是people。找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词4、Looking out of the window,he saw a dog running after a mouse.looking out of the window是现在分词短语作状语，中心词是句子的主语he。running after a mouse现在分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是 宾语a dog.5、Inspired by w

8、hat the teacher said,he studied even harder.inspired by what the teacher said是过去分词短语作状语，中心词是主语he。找出下列句子中分词或分词短语的中心词6、I had my car repaired this morning.repaired是过去分词作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语car。7、I will have my hair cut this afternoon.cut是过去分词作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语hair。8、When he woke up,he found some strangers surroundi

9、ng him.surrounding him是现在分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语strangers。9、When he woke up,he found himself surrounded by some strangers.surrounded by some strangers是过去分词短语作宾语补足语，中心词是宾语himself。分词或分词短语与中心词的关系分词或分词短语与中心词的关系1、一般来说，现在分词用作定语时，与中心词，也就是被修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系，有时表示正在进行的动作；用作定语时，及物动词变成的过去分词，与被修饰的名词有被动关系；不及物动词变成的过去分词有已经完

10、成的意思。The bridge _(build)two hundred years ago is still in use.两百年前修建的那座桥任然在使用。The workers _(build)this bridge are all the young men of your age.修建这座桥的工人都是你这个年龄的年轻人。He likes to drink cold _(boil)water.他喜欢和凉开水。builtbuildingboiled分词或分词短语与中心词的关系分词或分词短语与中心词的关系2、现在分词用作状语时，与中心词，也就是句子的主语有逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词用作状语时，

11、与句子的主语有被动关系。_(open)the drawer he took out a dictionary.他打开抽屉，拿出一本词典。_(see)from the top of the TV tower,the city looks more beautiful.从电视台顶上看，这个城市看起来更美丽。_(compare)with the old one,the new house looks brighter 和旧房子相比，新房子看起来更明亮。SeenComparedOpening分词或分词短语与中心词的关系分词或分词短语与中心词的关系3、现在分词用作宾语补足语时，与中心词，也就是句子的宾语

12、有逻辑上的主谓关系；过去分词用作宾语补足语时，与句子的宾语有被动关系。1)He once heard the song _(sing)in German.2)On his way to school,he found a mobile phone _(lie)on the ground.3)Please keep us _(inform)of the latest development.4)Youd better have your article _(check)5)When I entered the clinic,I saw a patient _(examine)by the doc

13、tor.sunglyinginformedcheckedexamined现在分词和过去分词练习现在分词和过去分词练习一、找出下列句子中分词或分词短语，说出其与中心词的关系1、China is a developing country belonging to the Third World.2、The man speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.3、Most of the people invited to the party didnt come.4、Looking out of the window,he saw a dog running

14、after a mouse.5、Inspired by what the teacher said,he studied even harder.中心词中心词country,主动关系主动关系中心词中心词country,主动关系主动关系中心词中心词man,主动关系主动关系中心词中心词people,被动关系被动关系中心词中心词he,主动关系主动关系中心词中心词dog,主动关系主动关系中心词中心词he,被动关系被动关系6、I had my car repaired this morning.7、I will have my hair cut this afternoon.8、When he woke

15、 up,he found some strangers surrounding him.9、When he woke up,he found himself surrounded by some strangers.中心词中心词car,被动关系被动关系中心词中心词hair,被动关系被动关系中心词中心词strangers,主动关系主动关系中心词中心词himself,被动被动二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Have you heard the song (sing)by this famous singer?2.Do you know the singer _(sing)this song now?

16、3.(sing)by a young famous singer,this song is popular with young people.4.(sing)this song,the young people were very excited.5.They are listening to this famous singer (sing)this song.6._(wear)a new red dress,she entered the classroom.sungsingingSungSingingsingingWearing1.Murder in a Country House i

17、s a horror film _(direct)by Cindy Clark,a new director.乡宅凶杀案是一部由导演由导演Cindy Clark执导的执导的恐怖片。directed by 是过去分词短语，用作定语，修饰前面的film。2.Dressed up as Father Christmas and _(accompany)by a guard of honour of six pretty girls,he set off down the main street of the city _(ride)a baby elephant _(call)Jumbo.他他打扮成圣诞老人打扮成圣诞老人，在，在由由6个漂亮姑娘组成的个漂亮姑娘组成的“仪仗队仪仗队”的陪同下的陪同下，骑上骑上一头一头名叫江伯的名叫江伯的小象，小象，沿着城里的沿着城里的主要街道出发了主要街道出发了。accompaniedriding directedcalled