2022年中考英语语法复习ppt课件各类介词语法总结.pptx

1、语法知识归纳各 类 介 词 语 法 归 纳常见介词的意义和用法1.in(1)在.时间内(星期、月份、季节、年份、上午、下午、晚上)：in March,in spring,in the morning(2)在大地点范围内：in China,in the world(3)在一段时间后：Iwill return to my hometown in a week.我将在一周后回到我的家乡。(4)用.语言：Can you say it in English?你能用英语说它吗？(5)穿.衣服：The woman in blueis my mother.穿蓝色衣服的女士是我的妈妈。(6)在某些方面：His

2、brother does well in Maths.他的哥哥擅长数学。2.on(1)在.上方(与物体有接触)：There is a book on my desk.在我的桌子上有一本书。(2)在.时间(具体某一天):on Monday,on May Day,on a spring morning(3)关于.：This lecture is on science.这个演讲是关于科学的。(4)在.一边:on the left,on the right3.at(1)在.地点(较小的地方):at the airport,at home(2)在.时间点：at4oclock,at this time(3

3、)在.方面:She is good at dancing她擅长跳舞。(4)朝.方向:point at the tree指向这棵树(5)表示速度与价格:You shouldnt drive a car at a high speed.你不应该高速开车。(6)对.感到(情绪):He is surprised at the news.他对这个消息感到惊讶。4.by(1)乘坐交通工具:We often go to work by bus.我们经常乘坐公交车去上班。(2)用于被动语态:The cake is made by myself.这个蛋糕是我自己做的。(3)通过.方式:We improve ou

4、r English by speaking as much as possible.我们通过尽可能多说英语来提高我们的英语。(4)在.附近:The lady is sitting by the window.这个妇女靠窗坐着。(5)在.时间之前:They had finished the task by ten last night.他们在昨晚十点之前就已经完成任务了。(6)从.旁边经过:Laura passes by the post office every day.Laura每天都从邮局经过。5.for(1)一段时间：We have stayed here for a week.我们已经

5、在这里待一周了。(2)为，给，适合于(对象)：These books are suitable for children.这些书适合孩子们。(3)由于，表示原因:Polar bears cant feel cold for its warm coat.北极熊感觉不到寒冷是因为它们有温暖的覆盖层。(4)对于.:Swimming is good for oour body.游泳对我们的身体有好处。(5)前往某地:They will leave for London tomorrow.他们明天要去伦敦。6.of(1)表示从属关系，属于.:a friend of his他的一个朋友(2)由于；因为：d

6、ie of disease死于疾病(3)某部分或全部：Each of them passed his exam.他们每个人都通过了测试。(4)表示某种性质或内容：a basket of apples一篮子苹果(5)表示数量和种类：all kinds of flowers各种鲜花(6)关于：对于：hear of听说(7)表示同位：a city of Beijing北京的城市7.about(1)大约：It is about 100meters high.它大约100m高。(2)关于：The film is about scientists.这部电影是关于科学家的。8.over(1)在.上方：The

7、re is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。(2)超过：Over ten students go to school by bike in our class.在我们班超过10名学生骑自行车去学校。(3)越过：climb over the high mountain越过高山(4)遍布于:all over the world遍布全世界9.to(1)给.:Please give the history book to me.请把这本历史书给我。(2)对.:behind to sb.对.友好(3)到.:go to the zoo去公园(4)差几分几点:twenty to

8、 five四点四十10.with(1)和.一起：My brother sometimes plays football with me.我弟弟有时候和我一起踢足球。(2)有.(表伴随状态):a girl with a pair of glasses戴着一副眼镜的女孩a house with three rooms带有三间房间的房子(3)用.工具：cut watermelons with knives用刀切西瓜(4)随着:With these words,the man came into the room.说完，这个男人走进了房间。11.without没有:I went to work wit

9、hout breakfast this morning.我今天早晨去工作没有吃早餐。12.across,through,past穿过；通过；经过(1)across(表面通过)：The dog swan across the river.这条狗游过了河。(2)through(空间中穿过)：The red car goes fast through the tunnel.这辆红色小轿车快速通过隧道。(3)past(路过；经过)：He walked past me without saying“Hello”.他经过我旁边时没有说“你好”。13.since(1)自从.以来：since then从那时(

10、2)由于；既然：He was late for school since he got a cold.他上学迟到是因为他感冒了。14.besides,except for,but,except除了.(1)besides(包含在内，除.之外还有):We are all here besides Tom.包括Tom在内大家都到了。(2)except(除外)：We are all here except Tom.除了Tom之外，大家都到了。(3)but:相当于except,但but通常与表示否定的不定代词连用There is nothing in the room but a bed.房间里什么都没

11、有，除了一张床。(4)except for(表示整体除去其中的一部分):Her composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.她的作文很好，除了有一些拼写错误。15.after(1)在.之后：After school,Simon joined the army.毕业以后，Simon就参军了。(2)跟随：run after追赶16.before(1)在.地点之前：He stood before me.他站在我前面。(2)在.时间之前：I didnt go to bed before I finished the homework.在

12、我完成作业之前我没有去睡觉。17.behind在.后面：a broom behind the door在门后面的扫帚18.beside在.旁边：a park beside my house在我房子旁边的公园19.between,among(1)between(两者之间)：I sit between Lucy and Lily.我坐在露西和莉莉之间。(2)among(三者或以上之间)：I am sitting among the trees.我正在树林里坐着。20.around(1)大约：She is around 30years old.她大约30岁。(2)在.周围，环绕着：The moon

13、goes around the Earth.月亮绕着地球转。21.as作为：As a student,I should obey the school rules.作为一名学生，我应该遵守学校规定。22.under在.下方：a ball under the table在桌子下的球()1.Helens mother always goes shopping_Friday afternoons.A.inB.onC.atD.for()2.All of us helped to clean up the old peoples home_Eric.He had a bad cold.A.besides

14、B.againstC.withD.exceptB D()3.The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday_July1,2021.A.inB.atC.onD.around()4.Football fans are often called the“12th man”because of their influence_a team.A.onB.fromC.toD.atCA()5.The sun shone_the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.A.beyondB.alon

15、gC.throughD.acrossC 常见的介词搭配1.与动词搭配believe in 相信dream of梦想get rid of摆脱think of思考instead of代替suffer from患(病)depend on依靠rely on依靠receive from接到look at看prefer to更喜欢listen to听wait for等候agree with同意belong to属于look for寻找base on在.基础上 challenge to向.挑战compare with与.比较 arrive at(in)到达stare at盯着.看 ask for为.付款ap

16、ologize for因.道歉 pay for为.付款prepare for准备 search for寻找thank for感谢 consist of由.组成communicate with与.交流be made of/from由.制成separate from把.分开2.与名词搭配at first首先at last最后at table在吃饭at most至多at least至少at home在家at school在学校by accident偶然by bus乘坐公交车all kinds of各种各样的by the way顺便提一下at that moment在那个时刻with the help

17、 of在.的帮助下to ones surprise使.惊讶的是in the end最后；终于in fact事实上in time及时in surprise惊讶地in trouble处于困境in a hurry匆忙地in the open air在户外in line排成一行in bed在床上in hospital在医院on foot步行on duty值日on holidays在度假on show展出on ones own独自地on the way to在去.的途中3.与其他词搭配be angry with sb.生某人的气be interested in 对.感兴趣be happy with对.感

18、到满意be famous for因.而闻名be busy ed at对.感到惊异be made of由.制成(能看出原材料)be made from由.制成(不能看出原材料)be made by由.制造be keen on喜爱be fond of喜欢be made into被制造成.be made up of由.组成be made in在.制造be late for迟到be proud of为.感到骄傲be strict about sth./with sb.对.要求严格be different from与.不同be short of缺乏.be sure of 确信be ashamed of感

19、到羞耻look after照顾take care of照顾do well in在某方面做得好come up with想出catch up with赶上get on well with与.相处融洽()1.-Do you now about Florence Nightingale?-Yes,she was well-known_a nurse in England_her kindness to the sick and wounded soldiers.A.as;asB.for;asC.to;forD.as;forD()2.-I think washing hands every day is

20、 good_our health.-Yes.I agree_you.A.to;toB.with;toC.for;withD.at;with()3.I know how busy you are and naturally I wouldnt take_too much of your time.A.offB.upC.onD.downCB()3.-Are you going to do a part-time job in your free time?-Yes.I dont think I should always_my parents.A.turn onB.put onC.depend o

21、nD.come on()4._the help of modern technology,scientists got a photo of a black hole.A.AtB.InC.OnD.WithC D()5.-Many doctors and nurses went to Hubei in February.-Hubei is far from Heilongjiang.Its_the south of China,_the south of Henan.A.in;toB.on;toC.in;onD.to;on()6.-Suzy,your room is really in a me

22、ss.-Sorry,Mum.Ill_right now.A.tidy upB.put upC.look upD.stay upC A()7.When my mother came into my room,I was just lying in bed and waiting for the alarm to_.A.put offB.take offC.turn offD.go offD 用适当的介词填空。1.Tom gets up_seven every morning.2._Sunday morning,he played football with his friend.3.What happened_you?4.There is something wrong_my back.5.He often helps me_my English.6.Its time_breakfast.7.Can you sing a song_English?8.He looks_his father.at Ontowith with forin lieThank you for watching