2022年中考英语陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲义+练习ppt课件.pptx

1、句子按说话目的可分为四种类型：陈述句、句子按说话目的可分为四种类型：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句陈述句1.陈述句的五种基本句型陈述句的五种基本句型(1)主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语e.g.My name is Tom.我叫汤姆。我叫汤姆。He looks good.他看上去气色不错。他看上去气色不错。(2)主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词e.g.She never lies.她从不撒谎。她从不撒谎。(3)主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语e.g.He watched TV yesterday.他昨天看电视了。他昨天看电视了。(4)主语主语+及物动词及物动词

2、+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语e.g.He gave her a lovely doll.他送给她一个可爱的洋娃娃。他送给她一个可爱的洋娃娃。(5)主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语e.g.He made the computer work again.他让计算机重新运行起来了。他让计算机重新运行起来了。2.陈述句的否定形式陈述句的否定形式(1)主语主语+be动词动词+not+其他其他.(2)主语主语+情态动词情态动词/助动词助动词+not+动词原形动词原形+其他其他.e.g.I didnt get up at six oclock this morning.今天

3、早上六点我没有起床。今天早上六点我没有起床。(3)可以用可以用no,never,hardly,seldom,few,little,nobody,neithernor,none,nothing等词构成否定句。等词构成否定句。e.g.She has no ability in that kind of work.她没有那种工作能力。她没有那种工作能力。(4)在宾语从句中，若主句的主语是第一人称且为一般现在在宾语从句中，若主句的主语是第一人称且为一般现在时，主句的谓语动词时，主句的谓语动词 是是think,believe,suppose等时，从等时，从句的否定词要转移到主语。句的否定词要转移到主语。

4、(5)“too to”句型本身具有否定的含义。句型本身具有否定的含义。e.g.She is too young to go to school.她年龄太小，还不能去上学。她年龄太小，还不能去上学。1.(2021重庆中考重庆中考A卷卷)I talked to him on the phone yesterday.（改为否定句）（改为否定句）I _ _to him on the phone yesterday.2.(2021重庆中考重庆中考B卷卷)She has finished her schoolwork.（改为否定句）（改为否定句）She _ _her schoolwork.didnt ta

5、lkhasnt finished3.(2021四川达州中考四川达州中考)Hes made a decision to teach in the village school.(改为否改为否定定句句)He a decision to teach in the village school.4.(2021甘肃甘肃天水天水中考中考）Linda thinks its easy to write Chinese words.(改为否定句改为否定句)Linda _ _ its easy to write Chinese words.hasnt madedoesnt think疑问句疑问句 疑问句用来提出问

6、题。英语中疑问句用来提出问题。英语中有三种有三种疑问句：一般疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句。疑问句。概念概念结构结构例句例句用用yes,no来来回答的疑问回答的疑问句为一般疑句为一般疑问句。问句。be主语主语其他其他Is she a nurse？她是一名护士吗？她是一名护士吗？No,she isnt.She is a teacher.不不，她不是。她是一名老师她不是。她是一名老师。一、一般疑问句一、一般疑问句概念概念结构结构例句例句用用yes,no来回来回答的疑答的疑问句为问句为一般疑一般疑问句。问句。情态动词情态动词主主语语 动词原形动词原形 其他其他？M

7、ust I finish the report today？我今天必须完成这份报告吗？我今天必须完成这份报告吗？Yes,you must.是的，你必须完成是的，你必须完成。No,you neednt./you dont have to.不不,你不必你不必完成完成。助动词主语助动词主语动词原形动词原形/现现在、过去分词在、过去分词其他？其他？Do you want to go to the movies with me?你想和我一起去看电影吗？你想和我一起去看电影吗？Have you been to Tibet你去过西藏吗？你去过西藏吗？1.(2021 江苏南通中考江苏南通中考)He has t

8、o walk to school when theres no bus service.(改为改为一般疑问句一般疑问句)_ he _ to walk to school when theres no bus service?2.(2021甘肃甘肃天水天水中考中考）Daisy ran very fast when she was young.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_ Daisy _very fast when she was young?Does haveDid run3.(2020甘肃甘肃白银白银中考中考)The Brows were watching TV when they go

9、t the phone call last night.（改为一般疑问句）（改为一般疑问句）_the Browns _ TV when they got the phone call last night?Were watching4.(2020上海上海中考中考)The middle school boy can tell traditional Chinese stories in English.(改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句)_ the middle school boy _ traditional Chinese stories in English?Can tell 5.(2020贵

10、州贵州黔南黔南州中考州中考)The foreigners visited the Great Wall of China yesterday.（改为一般疑问句改为一般疑问句）_ the foreigners _ the Great Wall of China yesterday?Did visit6.(2020甘肃甘肃天水天水中考中考)Li Ziqi has made some excellent videos about Chinese culture.（改为一般疑问句）（改为一般疑问句）_ Li Ziqi made _ excellent videos about Chinese cult

11、ure?Has any二、特殊疑问句二、特殊疑问句1.特殊特殊疑问词疑问词类别类别疑问词疑问词含义及用法含义及用法疑问疑问代词代词what什么，询问职业、身份、观点、日期等（无选择范围）什么，询问职业、身份、观点、日期等（无选择范围）which哪一个，询问特定的人或物（有选择范围）哪一个，询问特定的人或物（有选择范围）who谁，询问人或身份谁，询问人或身份疑问疑问副词副词when什么时候，询问时间什么时候，询问时间where哪里，询问地点、位置哪里，询问地点、位置why为什么，询问原因为什么，询问原因how如何，询问方式如何，询问方式类别类别疑问疑问词组词组how soon,how long,

12、how far,how often,what class,what time,what color,how old,how many,how much1.(2021 江苏南通中考江苏南通中考)_ does May look like?She is a pretty girl with big bright eyes and long straight hair.A.How B.What C.Which D.Who2.(2021广西柳州中考广西柳州中考)_ is the schoolbag?60 yuan.A.How often B.How old C.How muchBC3.(2021 北京中

13、考北京中考)_ shall we meet for the picnic?At the school gate.A.HowB.WhenC.WhyD.Where4.(2021福建中考福建中考)_do you play sports,Ella?Every day.Its necessary for us to play sports an hour a day at school.A.How muchB.How oftenC.How longDB5.(2021江苏江苏南京南京中考中考)Millie,_ are you reading?Camel Xiangzi,by the famous Chin

14、ese writer,Lao She.A.who B.howC.whereD.what6.(2021江苏连云港中考江苏连云港中考)_ is the concert going to start?Ive no idea.Why not check the ticket?A.What time B.What aboutC.How longD.How oftenDA7.(2021黑龙江牡丹江鸡西中考黑龙江牡丹江鸡西中考)Miss Green will go back to her hometown in three weeks.(就划线部分提问就划线部分提问)_ _ will Miss Green

15、go back to her hometown?8.(2021 江苏南通中考江苏南通中考)The farmer put an end to poverty by selling products on Tiktok.(对划线部分提问对划线部分提问)_ _ the farmer put an end to poverty?How soonHow did9.(2021重庆中考重庆中考A卷卷)We are going to eat zongzi at home after the exam.（对划（对划线部分提间）线部分提间）_ _ you going to eat zongzi after the

16、 exam?10.(2021重庆中考重庆中考B卷卷)Its about 3 kilometres from the school to the park.（对（对划线部分提问）划线部分提问）_ _ is it from the school to the park?Where areHow far11.(2021四川达州中考四川达州中考)The woman hardly eats meat because of losing weight.（对划线部分提问）（对划线部分提问）does the woman eat meat because of losing weight?12.(2021甘肃甘

17、肃天水天水中考中考）I have been learning English for over 9 years.(对画线部分对画线部分提问提问)_ _have you been learning English?How oftenHow long三、选择疑问句三、选择疑问句提出两种或两种以上的选项，要求对方选择其一的问句称为提出两种或两种以上的选项，要求对方选择其一的问句称为选择疑问句。选项之间用选择疑问句。选项之间用or连接，回答不用连接，回答不用yes或者或者no，可可用完整的陈述句或其简略形式作答，也可用不定代词用完整的陈述句或其简略形式作答，也可用不定代词all,either,neit

18、her或或none作答，只要根据实际情况回答即可。如：作答，只要根据实际情况回答即可。如：Which teacher will you miss the most after junior high school,Miss Zhang or Miss Wu？Both.选择疑问句可以分为以下两种：选择疑问句可以分为以下两种：种类种类形式形式例句例句一般选择疑问句一般选择疑问句一般疑问句一般疑问句选择项选择项 or选择项选择项Is he tall or short?He isnt tall or short.He is of medium height特殊选择疑问句特殊选择疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问

19、句 选择项选择项 or 选择项？选择项？Which season do you like better,summer or winter?I like winter better.1.(2020上海上海中考中考)Which club do you prefer to join,the chess club _ the dancing club?A.so B.but C.or D.for C2.(2019 湖北湖北随州中考随州中考)Do you like rock music or light music?_.I like pop music.A.Both B.None C.NeitherD.E

20、itherC祈使祈使句句祈使句表示命令、建议、请求或劝告等，通常省略主语，祈使句表示命令、建议、请求或劝告等，通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形谓语动词用原形。常见。常见的句型结构，具体如下：的句型结构，具体如下：形式形式结构结构例句例句肯定肯定形式形式（Please）动词原形）动词原形Put away your things.Do动词原形（加强语动词原形（加强语气，表示气，表示“务必，一定务必，一定”）Do come on time！Do look out！Let宾语动词原形宾语动词原形Lets have another try.Be+表语（表语（+其他）其他）Be careful when yo

21、u use a knife.形式形式结构结构例句例句否定否定形式形式Dont 动词原形动词原形Dont open the window.No名词名词/动名词动名词No photos！No parking！Dont let宾语动词原形宾语动词原形 Let宾语宾语not动词动词原形原形Dont let him go there alone.Let him not go there alone.had better 后加后加notYoud better not play football on the street.祈使句祈使句的回答用一般将来时。如：的回答用一般将来时。如：Please remem

22、ber to bring my notebook to school.OK,I will.“祈使句，祈使句，and/or陈述句（表结果）陈述句（表结果）”结构。如结构。如：Take the chance,or you will regret.注意：注意：1.(2021辽宁丹东中考辽宁丹东中考)If you want to get good grades,_ in as much effort as possible.A.puttingB.putC.to putD.puts2.(2021广西梧州广西梧州中考中考)_ your hands before dinner,Tony.No problem

23、,Mom.A.Wash B.Washes C.Washing D.To washBA3.(2021辽宁大连中考辽宁大连中考)_ at people when you talk.This is a polite way of communication in China.A.Look B.Looking C.To look D.Looked4.(2021台湾中考台湾中考)If youre interested in our business plan,this number and ask for Ms.Lee.Shell answer your questions.(A)calling (B)

24、call (C)and call (D)to callA(B)5.(2021黑龙江绥化中考黑龙江绥化中考)_ it over,and you will be able to work out the problem.A.Thinking B.To think C.ThinkC6.(2020湖南湖南长沙长沙中考中考)_ your smartphones,and read for at least 30 minutes every day!You know,reading helps us to deepen our spiritual world.A.Put away B.To put away

25、 C.Putting awayA7.(2020辽宁营口辽宁营口中考中考)_ the dishes after dinner,Tony.No problem,Mom.A.Washing B.Washes C.To wash D.Wash8.(2020四川凉山四川凉山中考中考)When I want to go out to play with my friends,my mother always says,“_at home.Dont waste your time.”A.Stay B.StaysC.To stayD.StayingDA9.(2020湖南湘西湖南湘西中考中考)Please _

26、the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs.A.puts B.put C.to put10.(2020湖南邵阳湖南邵阳中考中考)How can I avoid the illness,Sir?_ a mask when going out and wash hands with soap.A.Wears B.Wear C.To wearAB11.(2020贵州黔贵州黔南南)You shouldnt walk across the road when the light is red.(改为祈使句改为祈使句)_ _

27、across the road when the light it red!Dont walk12.(2020贵州黔西南贵州黔西南州州)You shouldnt tell lies to others and learn to be honest!（改为祈使句）（改为祈使句）_ _ lies to others and learn to be honest!Dont tell感叹句感叹句感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情，一般由强烈的感情，一般由what或或how引导，句末用感叹号。引导，句末用感叹号。形式形式结构结构例句例句what引导引导What+a/an+形容

28、词形容词+可数名词可数名词单数单数（主语主语 谓语谓语）！）！What a beautiful city！多美的一座城市啊多美的一座城市啊What+形容词形容词+可数名词复数可数名词复数（主语谓语（主语谓语）！）！What interesting books(they are)！多么有趣的书啊多么有趣的书啊！What形容词不可数名词形容词不可数名词（主语谓语（主语谓语）！）！What nice music(it is)！多么美妙的音乐啊！多么美妙的音乐啊！形式形式结构结构例句例句How引导引导How形容词形容词/副词副词主语谓语！主语谓语！How strong he is！他多么强壮他多么强壮

29、啊啊How形容词形容词a/an/the可数名词单可数名词单数（主语谓语）！数（主语谓语）！How careful a girl（she is）！）！她是个多细心的女孩啊！她是个多细心的女孩啊！How主语谓语！主语谓语！How time flies！时光飞逝！时光飞逝！感叹句，表情感，感叹句，表情感，How与与What放句前放句前。名词词组跟。名词词组跟What，How与形副紧相连。为使句子更简洁，主谓与形副紧相连。为使句子更简洁，主谓部分可省略。部分可省略。1.(2021贵州毕节贵州毕节中考中考)_ smart the driverless car is!A.What a B.How a C.

30、What D.How2.(2021黑龙江牡丹江鸡西中考黑龙江牡丹江鸡西中考)This is a photo of our family.Would you like to see it?Wow!happy family!A.What aB.How aC.WhatDA3.(2021辽宁盘锦中考辽宁盘锦中考)Hi,Mom moved me to tears._ touching the movie was!A.What a B.How aC.HowD.What4.(2021湖北襄阳中考湖北襄阳中考)_ nice weather it is to go hiking!Would you like t

31、o go with me?Good idea!Lets go.A.How a B.How C.What aD.WhatCD5.(2021广西玉林广西玉林中考中考)My mother is planning to have a second child next year._good idea it is.A.What B.How C.What a D.What an6.(2021青海中考青海中考)Yuan Longping,the father of hybrid rice,passed away on May 22.sad news!His death is a huge loss for

32、our country.A.How B.What a C.WhatCC7.(2021海南中考海南中考)_time flies!Our middle school life is coming to an end.A.How B.What C.What a8.(2021四川达州中考四川达州中考)Mr.Green told us a very exciting story just now.(改为感叹句改为感叹句)exciting story Mr.Green told us just now!What anA9.(2021黑龙江牡丹江鸡西中考黑龙江牡丹江鸡西中考)That school art festival was very wonderful.（改为感叹句）（改为感叹句）_ _ the school art festival was!10.(2021 江苏南通中考江苏南通中考)It is really a pleasant time to have a picnic on a warm sunny day.(改为感叹句改为感叹句)_ _ pleasant time it is to have a picnic on a warm sunny day!How wonderfulWhat a