2022年中考英语宾语从句ppt课件含练习.ppt
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1、 概念:由一个完整的概念:由一个完整的句子充当整个句子的宾语,句子充当整个句子的宾语,这个从句就是宾语从句。这个从句就是宾语从句。它一般放在动词、介词或它一般放在动词、介词或形容词后面。形容词后面。使用宾语从句时应注意四个方面:一、语序无论主句用什么语序(陈述句或疑问句),宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+)”句式。Eg:They asked me how old I was.Do you ask him if he can understand that?应用中应注意:当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,say等词时,一般要把宾语从句的
2、连接代词或副词移到句首。Eg:Who do you think comes first?Why do you say that is wrong?在某些带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的句子前常加it作形式宾语。Eg:I find it clear to me that I should study hard.二、连词二、连词1.1.如果宾语从句是陈述句,则用连词如果宾语从句是陈述句,则用连词thatthat来引导。来引导。ThatThat本身无实际意义,也不在宾语从句中充当任何成本身无实际意义,也不在宾语从句中充当任何成分,因此在口语和非正式文体中常省略。分,因此在口语和非正式文体中常省略
3、。Eg:She said(that)she would be back in three Eg:She said(that)she would be back in three weeks.weeks.He told the teacher(that)he had finished doing He told the teacher(that)he had finished doing his homework.his homework.2.如果宾语从句为一般疑问句,用连词if或Whether引导。Eg:I wonder if(whether)he will help me.注意在下列情况下一
4、般用whether,而不用if.作介词的宾语时,用whether,而不用if.Eg:I am interested in whether hell go to have a picnic.whether 引导的从句可移到主句之前而if不能。Eg:Whether this is true or not,I am not sure.后面紧接or not时,只用whether.Eg:We didnt know thether or not she had come.用if会引起歧义时,只用whether.eg:Please let me know if you like it.(“请告诉我你是否喜欢
5、”或“如果你喜欢,请告诉我”。)3.3.如果宾语从句是特殊疑问句,则用连接代词如果宾语从句是特殊疑问句,则用连接代词如如who,whose,what,whichwho,whose,what,which和连接副词如和连接副词如when,where,why,how when,where,why,how 引导。引导。Eg:I canEg:I cant tell why he is always late for t tell why he is always late for school.school.Do you know who was the first to invent Do you k
6、now who was the first to invent the car?the car?三、时态的呼应三、时态的呼应宾语从句的动词时态在一定程度上受到主句中动词时态宾语从句的动词时态在一定程度上受到主句中动词时态的制约。一般应遵循以下三条原则:的制约。一般应遵循以下三条原则:如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时以及是如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时以及是祈使句,则宾语从句的谓语动词可根据意义或时间状语祈使句,则宾语从句的谓语动词可根据意义或时间状语的需要而用任何一种时态。的需要而用任何一种时态。Eg:I know that heEg:I know that hell com
7、e to China next year.ll come to China next year.Please tell me where you went yesterday.Please tell me where you went yesterday.如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时,则宾语从如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时,则宾语从句的谓语动词必须用表示过去的某一种时态。句的谓语动词必须用表示过去的某一种时态。Eg:Our teacher said that we would move to a Eg:Our teacher said that we would move to a ne
8、w classroom the next week.new classroom the next week.He asked me if I had been to the Great Wall.He asked me if I had been to the Great Wall.如果宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现如果宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象或习惯性动作时,则不管主句用何时态,从句一象或习惯性动作时,则不管主句用何时态,从句一律使用现在时。律使用现在时。Eg:My teacher told us yesterday that the sun Eg:My teacher
9、 told us yesterday that the sun rises in the east.rises in the east.四、否定转移四、否定转移当主句的谓语是当主句的谓语是think,believe think,believe 等动词时,某等动词时,某后作宾语的后作宾语的thatthat从句如果否定意义,通常将否定从句如果否定意义,通常将否定词词notnot移至主句动词之前。移至主句动词之前。Eg:I donEg:I dont think he is having a meeting.t think he is having a meeting.一、用正确的连词填空。一、用正确
10、的连词填空。1.1.The teacher asked Lucy _ she was late for The teacher asked Lucy _ she was late for school.school.2.We don2.We dont know _ it will rain tomorrow.t know _ it will rain tomorrow.3.The man wants to know _ she comes from.3.The man wants to know _ she comes from.4.I don4.I dont remember _ the t
11、rain arrived.t remember _ the train arrived.5.Could you show us _ we can turn on the 5.Could you show us _ we can turn on the computer?computer?6.She knew _ she should work hard for the 6.She knew _ she should work hard for the people.people.7.Could you tell me _ is the way to the 7.Could you tell m
12、e _ is the way to the station?station?8.Please tell me _ pictures they have 8.Please tell me _ pictures they have drawn.drawn.二、单项选择二、单项选择1.1.Could you tell me _?Could you tell me _?A.where he live B.where he lives A.where he live B.where he lives C.where does he live D.he lives whereC.where does he
13、 live D.he lives where2.He said that he _ speak a little English when he 2.He said that he _ speak a little English when he was five years old.was five years old.A.might B.would C.could D.canA.might B.would C.could D.can3.I don3.I dont think that the book is very useful,_?t think that the book is ve
14、ry useful,_?A.do I B.is it C.doesnA.do I B.is it C.doesnt it D.isnt it D.isnt itt it4.Excuse me,can you tell me _?4.Excuse me,can you tell me _?A.when can I get to the station B.I can get to which A.when can I get to the station B.I can get to which stationstationC.which station can I get to D.how I
15、 can get to the C.which station can I get to D.how I can get to the stationstation5.My brother asked me _ kite _.5.My brother asked me _ kite _.A.who,this was B.whose,this was C.whose,was A.who,this was B.whose,this was C.whose,was this D.who,was thisthis D.who,was this6.6.He asked me _ I knew Frenc
16、h.He asked me _ I knew French.A.that B.if C.as D.whatA.that B.if C.as D.what7.Do you know who _ with at eight yesterday?7.Do you know who _ with at eight yesterday?A.he is talking B.was he talking C.he was A.he is talking B.was he talking C.he was talking D.is he talkingtalking D.is he talking8.-Wha
17、t did your mother say,Tom?8.-What did your mother say,Tom?-She asked me _.-She asked me _.A.why my sister is crying B.why my sister was cryingA.why my sister is crying B.why my sister was cryingC.why is my sister crying D.why was my sister cryingC.why is my sister crying D.why was my sister crying9.
18、He told me that the sun _ in the east.9.He told me that the sun _ in the east.A.rises B.raises C.rose D.raisedA.rises B.raises C.rose D.raised10.Tom asked _ to school late.10.Tom asked _ to school late.A.who did often come B.who often did comeA.who did often come B.who often did comeC.who often come
19、 D.who often cameC.who often come D.who often came参考答案:参考答案:一、一、1.1.why 2.if(whether)3.where why 2.if(whether)3.where 4.when 5.How 6.that 7.which 8.How 4.when 5.How 6.that 7.which 8.How manymany二、二、1 1B B2 2C C3 3B B4 4D D5 5B B6 6B B7 7C C8 8B B9 9A A1010D D宾语从句的转化和使用是难点,其用法上应注意以下三方面。宾语从句的转化和使用是难点,
20、其用法上应注意以下三方面。一、宾语从句与主句连接问题一、宾语从句与主句连接问题1.当宾语从句是一般疑问句、反意疑问句时,构成宾语从句用当宾语从句是一般疑问句、反意疑问句时,构成宾语从句用if或或whether来引导。从句应注意用陈述句语序。来引导。从句应注意用陈述句语序。Eg:Do you go to school early every day?He wants to know He wants to know if(whether)I go to school early every day.2.当宾语从句是陈述句时,用连词当宾语从句是陈述句时,用连词that来引导。来引导。Eg:He h
21、as been to Japan before.He told me .He told me that he had been to Japan before.He told me that he had been to Japan before.3.3.当当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,连接词就用原来的疑问词。应注宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,连接词就用原来的疑问词。应注意从句的时态和和语序。意从句的时态和和语序。Eg:How can I get to the bus station?He asked me.He asked me How he could get to the bus station.
22、He asked me How he could get to the bus station.WhatWhats wrong with him?Do you know s wrong with him?Do you know Do you know what Do you know whats wrong with him?s wrong with him?二、直接引语变为间接引语中的问题二、直接引语变为间接引语中的问题1.人称的变化人称的变化eg:He said“You asked me to help her.”He said that I asked him to her her.He
23、 said that I asked him to her her.2.2.时态的变化时态的变化eg:He said to me eg:He said to me“I am doing my homework.I am doing my homework.”He told me he was doing his homework.He said“The earth goes around the sun.”He said the earth goes around the He said the earth goes around the sun.(sun.(注意客观真理时态不变注意客观真理时
24、态不变)3.3.其它变化其它变化 this this 改为改为that,these that,these 改为改为those.those.eg:He said eg:He said“This is my pen.This is my pen.”He sais that was his pen.He sais that was his pen.now now 改为改为then,yesterdaythen,yesterday改为改为the day before,tomorrowthe day before,tomorrow改改为为the next day,todaythe next day,tod
25、ay改为改为that day,ago that day,ago 改为改为before,before,在在next next week/monthweek/month前需加前需加the.the.eg:He said eg:He said“I havenI havent seen her today.t seen her today.”He said he hadn He said he hadnt seen her that day.t seen her that day.He said He said“I was a worker ten years ago.I was a worker te
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